• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.884-889
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• 2015

Appropriate evaluation of thermal insulation property of structural member and valid control of cooling/heating energy are important for improving building's energy efficiency. The typical heating system of house in Korea is the floor heating one. The radiation heating system is not only appropriate to climate and geographic conditions of Korea, but also advantageous to provide emotional comfort by the warm feeling of floor. Based on living conditions in Korea, scaled models of the wooden house and concrete house were designed. The ceiling was made of styrofoam insulation and the four sided walls and bottom were made of plywood and concrete, respectively. The floor was heated by heating film. Indoor vertical temperature distributions by floor heating system were measured by thermocouple, and surface temperatures on walls were measured by infrared thermography. Also, thermal insulation property of wooden wall was evaluated to build database for improving energy efficiency of wooden building. It is expected that collected data during tests of various types of floor and wall composition could be referenced for evaluating thermal environment of actual conditions of houses.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.211-223
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• 1993

바닥마감재료가 다른 여름철의 찬바닥이 인체피부온도 및 온열적 쾌적감에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여, 주위벽 및 천장의 온도를 기온과 거의 같게 한 항온실을 이용해서 바닥에 앉은 자세, 의자에 앉은 자세, 서 있는 자세별로 검토했다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 평균피부온도는 기온이 낮고 수온이 낮을수록 낮았다. Carpet 마감재료는 서 있는 자세, 바닥에 앉은 자세의 평균피부온도가 낮고 의자에 앉은 자세가 높았다. Cork 마감재료가 Carpet, Flooring 마감재료에 비해 평균피부온도가 낮았다. (2) 온냉감평가는 흑구온도가 낮게 되면$\ulcorner$중성이다$\lrcorner$혹은$\ulcorner$서늘하다$\lrcorner$쪽으로 평가하고, Cork, Carpet, Flooring 마감재료의 순으로 $\ulcorner$서늘하다$\lrcorner$쪽으로 평가 하였다. (3) 쾌적감평가는 바닥에 앉은 자세와 서 있는 자세가 의자에 앉은 자세보다 쾌적한 것으로 평가하였다. 마감재료는 Cork, Flooring, Carpet 순으로 쾌적하다고 평가 하였다. (4) 바닥마감재료에 대한 평가는 바닥에 앉은 자세의 경우, Carpet 마감재료는$\ulcorner$차가운$\lrcorner$$\ulcorner$습기찬$\lrcorner$의 평가점수가 높고, Cork 마감재료는$\ulcorner$평활한$\lrcorner$$\ulcorner$차가운$\lrcorner$$\ulcorner$감촉이 좋은$\lrcorner$$\ulcorner$딱딱한$\lrcorner$의 평가점수가 높고, Flooring 마감재료는$\ulcorner$평활한$\lrcorner$$\ulcorner$탄력성이 없는$\lrcorner$$\ulcorner$딱딱한$\lrcorner$의 평가점수가 높았다.$\ulcorner$따듯한$\lrcorner$-$\ulcorner$차가운$\lrcorner$의 평가는 바닥온도의 영향을 받아서, Cork, Flooring 마감재료가 Carpet 마감재료보다$\ulcorner$차가운$\lrcorner$의 높은 점수평가를 하였다. (5) Carpet 마감재료는 평균피부온도가 34$^{\circ}C$를 넘어도$\ulcorner$약간 시원하다$\lrcorner$는 평가이고, 서 있는 자세와 의자에 앉은 자세가 바닥에 앉는 자세보다 쾌적하다고 평가한다. Cork 마감재료는 3자세 모두 평균피부온도 33~34$^{\circ}C$의 사이에서 가장 쾌적하다. Flooring 마감재료는 온열적중성, 쾌적감의 중성의 평가가 많다. 이상의결과를 종합하면, 찬바닥이 인체에 미치는 영향은 바닥마감재료로는 Cork, Flooring이 보다 좋은 평가를 하였음으로, 여름철 바닥마감재료로서는 Cork, Flooring 마감재료가 바람직하다고 생각된다. 자세별로는 서 있는 자세는 바닥에 앉은 자세와 거의 같은 경향을 보이고, 의자에 앉은 자세는 바닥에 앉은 자세와 서 있는 자세 만큼 영향을 받지 않았다. 이후 실험결과를 중심으로 찬바닥의 경우, 보다 쾌적한 온열환경범위를 제안하려고 한다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2020

As the number of automobile registrations increases and luxury expectations grow, consumers are increasingly interested in indoor environment of vehicles. Therefore, manufacturers have an increasing interest in improving the indoor comfort as well as automobile performance. Research on indoor automobile comfort can help manufacturers increase driver satisfaction and reduce driver stress and discomfort, thereby reducing the risk of traffic accidents. Using electroencephalogram (EEG) measurements, we investigated the change in comfort and comfortable temperature according to the ventilating seat temperature change for both men and women. Results showed that the sensation of comfort was statistically significantly higher at 25℃ than at 28℃. Secondly, there was no statistically significant difference in temperature-based comfort feeling between male and female subjects. In the future, if the correlation between the driver's comfort feeling and the change in ventilating seat temperature is analyzed, it is possible to reduce traffic accidents caused by human error and reduce the electric energy consumption of the automobile.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of landscaping shade materials' porosity on the Mean Radiant Temperature (MRT) of summer outdoors. The MRTs were measured under seven different types of black membranes with holes of 8mm diameter at different intervals applied on the top of wooden boxes, and compared with those of four additional control plots with or without shade and lateral boxes. The applied porosities were 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16%, and 32%, and three groups of three shades were compared sequentially from August 13 to September 8, 2016. The MRTs under the shade without lateral block, no shade with lateral block, and shade with lateral block were $33.08^{\circ}C$, $45.80^{\circ}C$, and $42.3^{\circ}C$, respectively, while that of no-shaded no-lateral screen was $44.26^{\circ}C$, based on records from 11:00 AM to 3:00 PM on the days with a peak globe temperature higher than $30^{\circ}C$. An ANCOVA analysis showed that the MRTs under the shades with 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16%, and 32% porosities were calculated as 43.40, 43.10, 41.49, 40.43, 39.61, $37.91^{\circ}C$, and $38.12^{\circ}C$, respectively, while that in the no shaded control box was $45.8^{\circ}C$. The curve fitted between MRTs and the porosity showed a U-shaped quadratic function with the minimum MRT at 16% practically or 22.5% statistically.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.468-475
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• 2022

This study was conducted to find out the efficiency of heating initiative temperature and carbon dioxide fertilization in summer squash (Cucurbita moschata D.). The heating start temperature experiment was performed at 9℃, 12℃, and 15℃ using an electric heater and operated when the temperature was lower than the target temperature. The CO₂ fertilization concentration experiment was performed from 7 to 12 with the control, 500 µmol·mol^-1, and 800 µmol·mol^-1 using liquefied carbon dioxide. Investigation items were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, dry weight, also economic analysis was conducted by surveying only fruits exceeding 100 g. Photosynthesis was measured for the upper leaf position to calculate the saturation point according to the control. The photo saturation point was 587 µmol·m^-2·s^-1, and the CO₂ saturation point was 702 µmol·mol^-1. A_max values by carbon dioxide were 13.4, 17.8, 17.2, 19.6, and 17.5 µmolCO₂·m^-2·s^-1 in the order of 9℃, 12℃, 15℃, 500 µmol·mol^-1, and 800 µmol·mol^-1. In the temperature experiment, 9℃ in growth did not grow normally and no fruiting was performed. 12℃ and 15℃ were higher than 9℃, but there was no significant difference in growth and production. The CO₂ fertilization experiment showed no significant difference between the treatment in growth, but the productivity of 800 µmol·mol^-1 was the best. Comprehensively, the heating initiative temperature of 15℃ was good for crop growth and production, but there is no significant difference from 12℃, so it is good to set the heating start temperature to 12℃ economically, and maintaining of 800 µmol·mol^-1 is effective in increasing production.