• Title/Summary/Keyword: 옥수수재배

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Assessment of Soil Aggregates and Erodibility Under Different Management Practices in the Mountainous Soils (산지에서 영농방법에 따른 토양입단과 침식성 평가)

  • Joo, Jin-Ho;Yang, Jae-E;Kim, Jeong-Je;Jung, Yeong-Sang;Choi, Joong-Dae;Yun, Sei-Young;Ryu, Kwan-Shig
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.61-70
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    • 2000
  • Soil erosion in the hilly and mountainous uplands in the Daekwanryong area, Kangwon-Do, were investigated through a field plot experiment. The plot size was 15m long and 2.5m wide with the average slope of 12.5 percents. Soil erodibility factor (K), surface coverage (SC), soil aggregate percentage and wind erodibility (I) were evaluated in the mountainous soils under different management practices for corn and potato cultivations. Soil erodibility factor (K) was greater in upper part than in lower part of the plots. Surface coverage (SC) values ranged from 0.01 to 0.84 depending on the amounts of crop residues. Soils having a greater crop residue in surface were less subjected to soil erosion. SC values after corn harvest were 0.4 to 0.8, while those after potato harvest were 0.4 to 0.5, indicating potato might be better than corn for erosion control. Soil aggregate percentages of the experimental plots ranged from 49.7 to 79.8%. Those were higher in potato-cultivated plots with higher surface coverage, organic fertilizer treatment and contour tillage. Soil aggregate percentage of potato-cultivated plots was significantly correlated to crop residue coverage after harvest. The dried soil aggregate percentage, showing the ranges of 26.4 to 56.4%, were higher in the plots with the increased crop residue incorporation. Wind erodibility (I) of the soil was decreased with increasing surface coverage. When soil had 26.4% of the dried aggregate percentage, wind erodibility was estimated to be $183Mgha^{-1}$ which was equivalent to soil loss of $0.5Mg\ha^{-1}day^{-1}$.

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Effects of Animal Manure Compost, Tillage Method and Crop System on Soil Properties in Newly Organic Corn Cultivation Field (신규 유기농 옥수수 재배 시 가축분 퇴비, 경운방법 및 작부체계가 토양 환경에 미치는 영향)

  • An, Nan-Hee;Lee, Sang-min;Cho, Jung-Rai;Nam, Hong-Sik;Jung, Jung-A;Kong, Min-jae
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.31-43
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    • 2018
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of organic farmland soil and nutrient management on soil properties depending on organic (animal manure compost and green manure [hairy vetch]) and chemical fertilization, tillage and no-tillage, and crop rotation (corn-wheat, corn-.hairy vetch). It was found that the application of organic matter such as animal manure compost and hairy vetch, increased the soil organic matter content, the soil microbial density and microbial biomass C content as compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment. It was also confirmed that the functional diversity of soil microbial community was increased. As a result of the comparison with the crop rotation and single cropping, the soil chemistry showed no significant difference between the treatments, but the corn-wheat and corn-hairy vetch rotation treatments tended to have higher microbial biomass C content and shannon's diversity index than the single cropping. Soil chemical properties of tillage and no-tillage treatments showed no significant difference between treatments. There was no statistically significant difference in substrate utilization of soil microbial community between tillage and no-tillage treatment. Correlation analysis between soil chemical properties and soil microbial activity revealed that soil organic matter content and exchangeable potassium content were positively correlated, with statistical significance, with substrate utilization, and substrate richness. To conclude, organic fertilization had positive effects on the short-term improvement of soil chemical properties and diversity of microbial communities.

Researching the Occurrence Potential of Autoite for Living Modified OrganismMaize Spill (유전자변형생물체 옥수수의 자생개체 발생가능성 조사)

  • Eom, Gyu-Hyeon;Jang, Yoon-Hee;Du, Xiao-Xuan;Kim, Eun-Gyeong;Park, Jae-Ryoung;Ryu, Taehun;Kim, Kyung-Min
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.32 no.8
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    • pp.641-646
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    • 2022
  • There are concerns about the environmental release of living modified organism (LMO) maize created to increase yields. In fact, there are cases in which LMO crops for feed have been leaked in Korea to form autoite colonies, and concerns about LMO spill are intensifying. In this study, the possibility of environmental outflow and occurrence of native organisms was analyzed using maize feed and seeds distributed in Korea. In the evaluation of the possibility of spontaneous occurrence of maize in the event of an unintentional release of maize feed made by crushing maize, the incidence rate of maize was 0.01%, which was extremely low compared to the germination rate of maize seeds. A survey of the dormant rate of maize showed that all maize seeds collected every month were dead. In the germination rate test by temperature using Daehak wax corn and Kwangpyeongok, high germination rates were found at 20℃ and 30℃, and relatively low germination rates were found at 10℃ and 40℃. In addition, all germination tests showed a higher germination rate Daehak wax corn than Kwangpyeongok. The difference between domestic and overseas cultivation maize was confirmed through a survey on the agricultural properties of three varieties of maize. The data obtained through this experiment could be the basis for the evaluation of the weediness potential of environmental risk assessment and technology to suppress the occurrence of autoite in preparation for future LMO spills.

Effect of Planting Date on the Growth and Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.) in the Southern Paddy Field (남부지역의 논에서 옥수수의 파종시기에 따른 생육 특성 및 수확량 변화)

  • Seo Young Oh;Jong Ho Seo;Jisu Choi;TaeHee Kim;Seong Hwan Oh
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2022.09a
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    • pp.79-79
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    • 2022
  • 옥수수(Zea mays L.)의 생육 및 수확량은 온도, 일장, 강수량 등에 의해 영향을 밭는다. 본 연구에서는 남부지역 유휴 논을 이용하여 파종시기를 달리하여 옥수수를 재배하였을 때 생육 특성과 수확량을 분석하여 적정 파종시기를 규명하고자 하였다. 3월 하순에서 6월 중순까지 6차로 구분하여 파종하였을 때 출사일수와 성숙일수는 파종기가 늦어질수록 짧아졌다. 옥수수는 단일 및 고온 조건에 의해 생식생장으로의 전환이 빨라지는데, 본 연구에서도 파종이 늦어짐에 따라 단일과 고온에 의해 출웅과 출사가 촉진되었다. 간장과 착수고는 4월 상순까지는 높으나 파종이 지연됨에 따라 짧아졌다. 옥수수의 수량구성요소 중에 이삭장은 5월 하순까지는 유의적인 차이가 없으나 6월에 파종하였을 때에는 짧아졌으며, 이삭직경과 착립장도 파종이 늦어짐에 따라 가늘어지고 짧아져, 파종이 지연되었을 때 생육이 부진함을 알 수 있다. 이삭의 수확량은 4월 상순까지 파종하였을 때에는 800kg/10a 이상으로 높으나, 파종시기가 늦어짐에 따라 점차 감소하여 6월 중순에는 40% 이상 크게 감소하였다. 이는 수량구성요소 중에 이삭장, 이삭직경과 착립장 등 이삭 발달의 부진한 결과이다. 그리고 이삭을 제거한 지상부의 무게는 5월 하순까지의 파종에서는 유의적인 차이가 없으나 6월에는 큰 폭으로 감소하였는데, 이는 영양생장 기간이 짧아짐에 따른 결과로 보인다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 남부지역 논에서 옥수수를 재배할 때에는 늦어도 5월 중·하순까지는 파종하여야 할 것으로 판단된다.

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농업기술 - 봄 파종 사료작물재배로 조사료 자급률 향상!

  • O, Hyeong-Gyu
    • 농업기술회보
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.35-36
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    • 2012
  • 가축용 사료가격 상승에 따른 생산비 증가로 양축농가의 경영상 어려움이 가중되고 있다. 이런 상황에서 초식가축의 사료비 절감을 위해 사료작물의 재배면적 확대와 함께 지역 여건에 적합한 작부체계 적용으로 사료포의 단위당 생산성을 향상시켜 조사료 자급률을 높여야 한다. 봄 파종 사료작물로는 옥수수와 수수류가 주로 재배되고 있는데 이른 봄에 연맥(귀리)과 유채를 단기간재배 이용함으로써 사료포의 이용성을 높일 수도 있다.

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Behaviour of the Soil Residues of the Acaricide-Insecticide, [$^{14}C$]Acrinathrin;I. Behaviour during Crop(Maize) Cultivation (살비살충제 [$^{14}C$Acrinathrin 토양 잔류물의 행적 규명;I. 농작물(옥수수) 재배시의 행적)

  • Lee, Jae-Koo;Kyung, Kee-Sung;Kwon, Jeong-Wook;Ahn, Ki-Chang;Jung, In-Sang
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.186-201
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    • 1995
  • In order to elucidate the fate of the residues of the pyrethroid acaricide-insecticide, acrinathrin in soil, maize plants were grown for one month on the specially-made pots filled with two different types of soils containing fresh and one-month-aged residues of [$^{14}C$]acrinathrin, respectively. The mineralization of [$^{14}C$]acrinathrin to $^{14}CO_2$ during the one-month period of aging and of maize cultivation amounted to $23{\sim}24%$ and $24{\sim}33%$, respectively, of the original $^{14}C$ activities. At harvest after one-month growing, the shoots and roots contained less than 0.1% and 1% of the originally applied $^{14}C$ activity, respectively, whereas the $^{14}C$ activity remaining in soil was $65{\sim}80%$ in both soils. Three degradation products with m/z 198(3-phenoxybenzaldehyde), m/z 214(3-phenoxybenzoic acid), and m/z 228(methyl 3-phenoxybenzoate) besides an unknown were identified from acetone extracts of both soils without and with maize plants after treatment of [$^{14}C$]acrinathrin, by autoradiography and GC-MS, and those with m/z 225(3-phenoxybenzaldehyde cyanohydrin) and m/z 198 (3-phenoxybenzaldehyde) from acetone extract of the Soil A treated with 50 ppm acrinathrin and grown with maize plants for 30 days were identified by mass spectrometry. These results suggested that the hydrolytic cleavage of the ester linkage adjacent to the $^{14}C$ with a cyano group, forming 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde cyanohydrin. The removal of hydrogen cyanide therefrom leads to the formation of 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde as one of the major products. The subsequent oxidation of the aldehyde to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, followed by decarboxylation would evolve $^{14}CO_2$. Solvent extractability of the soils where maize plants were grown for 1 month and/or [$^{14}C$]acrinathrin was aged for 1 month was less than 31% of the original $^{14}C$ activity and over 95% of the total $^{14}C$ activity in soil extracts was distributed in the organic phase. Accordingly, acrinathrin turned out to be degraded rapidly in both soils and be bound to soil constituents as well, not being available to crops.

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Comparison of Growth Characteristics and Nutritive Value of Silage Corn Hybrids Grown at Paddy and Upland Field (논과 밭에서 재배한 사일리지용 옥수수의 생육특성 및 영양가치 비교)

  • Young Sam Go;Jun Young Ha;Hwan Hee Bae;Jae Han Son;Kyeong Min Kang;BeomYoung Son;Tae Wook Jung
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.249-257
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    • 2022
  • This study was conducted to comparison analysis growth characteristics, yield and forage quality of 18silage corn varieties grown in paddy and upland fields. In this condition, days to silking of Sinhwangok was the shortest with 78 days and Kangdaok the longest with 92 days. Moreover it was confirmed that the difference of days to silking at this condition greatly occurred in the late species than in the precocious species. The height and ear height ratio of corn grown in paddy decreased by 5~10% and increase by 10~15% compared to upland, respectively. It was confirmed that the ear ratio of corn which enhances the forage quality was highest in Sinhwangok at paddy and upland and most of the varieties decreased by 10~30% at paddy rather than upland. The length of ear was also reduced by 10~25%. In fresh yield, Dacheongok showed the highest yield at 65,750 kg/ha in upland and 38,830 kg/ha in paddy. Similar to the fresh yield, dry and TDN yield in Dacheongok also showed the highest yield at 36,910 kg/ha, 18,040 kg/ha in upland and 21,670 kg/ha, 14,390 kg/ha in paddy, respectively. As a result of analyzing crude protein and starch from seeds to evaluate the feed value of corn for silage, there was no difference between cultivars grown in this condition. In addition, as a result of analyzing the contents of ADF and NDF using leaves, stems and seeds, the contents of leaves and stems were lower in P3394 and P1543 at the upland and lower in Singwangok and Daanok when cultivated at paddy. Moreover ADF and NDF contents were decreased in some varieties in paddy rather than upland. Therefore, there is no significant difference in the feed value of corn varieties grown in this condition, it is possible to cultivate corn in paddy if normal growth is achieved through drainage management.