• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.113-138
• /
• 2007

The effects of schema on accurate and false memories of items in a scene were investigated in two experiments: Recognition of items in a scene was tested immediately in Experiment 1 and three days later in Experiment 2. In both experiments, the following three variables were manipulated: Exposure time (250ms or 10000ms), picture mode (completed pictures or scrambled pictures), and manipulation mode (missing item or substituted item). Experiment 1 had yielded three important results: First, although accurate memory for presented items got increased when the exposure time was longer, false memory of the critical lures was not changed. Second, false memory of critical lures in the missing condition, where there was not any conflict between verbatim information and gist information, was higher than that of the substituted condition, where verbatim information of the item that replaced the lure was in conflict with the gist information. Third, accurate memory for atypical items in the substituted rendition, which had replaced the critical lures and in conflict with the schema, was higher than that in the missing condition. In Experiment 2, recognition test were administered 72 hours after the participants saw the picture. The three effects mentioned in Experiment 1 had disappeared in Experiment 2. The results of Experiment 2 might be due to the selective weakening of verbatim information compared to the persistence of the gist (or schematic) information. The results of Experiments 1 and 2 showed that false memory of critical lures is more persistent than the accurate memory of non-critical information. Theoretical implications of the results were considered in terms of the function of the verbatim and gist information.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.17-39
• /
• 2008

The present study was conducted to provide Korean word association lists for adults and children which are needed in research area of false memory. Associated words, asso[iation strength, and the proportion of cue set size to the total number of associated words produced through the discrete association technique were compared between the two groups. The data showed that associated words with high strength wert same or similar but associated words with lower strength were various in the two groups. The result that adults produced larger proportion of cue set size than children suggests that adults have more typical and more convergent semantic network than children. The present data will be served as a database useful for the studies to investigate cognitive functions in memory and other related area.

• The Science & Technology
• /
• v.33 no.2 s.369
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2000

21세기의 여명은 생명공학과 함께 밝아 오기 시작했다. 먼저 1990년부터 30억달러의 연구개발비를 투입하여 미국을 비롯한 세계 15개국가의 3백50여개의 연구기관이 참여하여 추진하는 인간게놈계획이 2000년대 초에 마무리되어 14만개의 사람 유전자가 어떻게 구성되어 있는가 지도를 보듯 한눈에 알아 볼 수 있는 '유전자지도'가 선보인다. 그래서 심장병, 암, 알츠하이머병과 심지어는 에이즈까지 포함하여 유전자의 잘잘못과 관련된 모든 질병의 원인을 근본부터 밝힐 수 있게 되어 특히 의학과 약학을 포함한 생명과학에는 새로운 지평이 펼쳐진다. 세계 주요 연구기관과 저명한 과학자들이 진행중인 연구개발을 통해 21세기의 생명과학의 주요 분야를 전망한다.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.357-381
• /
• 2009

Although it is known that there are personality characteristic variances in the sensitivity to environmental feedback, the trait individual difference has scarcely been explored in the context of recognition memory decision. The present study investigated this issue by examining the relationship between the feedback-based adaptive flexibility of recognition criterion positioning and personality differences in general sensitivity to non-laboratory outcomes. Experiment 1 demonstrated that veridical feedback itself had little effect on the recognition decision criterion whereas Experiment 2 demonstrated that biased feedback manipulations selectively restricted to high confidence errors, induced shifts even in the overall Old/New category criterion. Critically, individual differences in stable personality characteristic linked to reward seeking(Behavioral Activation System-BAS) and anxiety avoidance (Behavioral Inhibition System-BIS) has been shown to predict the sensitivity of subjects to this form of feedback-induced criterion learning. This data further support the idea that incremental reinforcement-based learning mechanism not often considered important during explicit recognition decisions may play a key role in criterion setting.