• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1008-1012
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• 2009

We investigated the biological activities of ethanol extracts obtained from five endive cultivars. Free radical-scavenging activities of extracts from Redoria, Halifax, Vintor, Kibora, and Metafora cultivars were 94.2%, 60.8%, 66.6%, 70.0% and 67.4%, respectively. The extract from Redoria showed the highest activity among all the tested samples including BHT (Butylated hydroxyanisole) and vitamine C, known as antioxidant. Endive extracts slightly (17.5 - 38.6%) inhibited $\alpha$-glucosidase activity. However, there is no inhibitory activity against $\alpha$-amylase. In terms of proteolytic activity, all endive extracts showed strong activity than pancreatin (used as a positive control), and the extract of Redoria also exhibited stronger activity than other extracts as well as free radical scavenging activity. These results indicate that endive, especially the Redoria cultivar, can be used as a natural resource for development of antioxidants or materials aiding digestion.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate to the effect of liquid fertilizer with saponin (SLF) and liquid fertilizer with amino acid (ALF)on the growth of creeping bentgrass. In creeping bentgrass, turf color index, chlorophyll index, dry weight and shoot number were measured. It was hardly affected by SLF and ALF applications in investigation of chemical properties of the soil. By applying SLF and ALF, turf color index and chlorophyll index in 2SLF and 2ALF were increased more than CF, and shoot number and root length in 2SLF, ALF and 2ALF were higher than CF. In correlation coefficient among growth factors of creeping bentgrass, turf quality was significantly different in root length, shoot number, dry weight, and content of N and K in turf tissue (P<0.05), N content of tissue was significantly in root length, shoot number and dry weight (P<0.05), and K content was significantly in shoot number and dry weight (P<0.05). These results suggested that application of functional liquid fertilizers such as SLF and ALF was expected to replace compound fertilizer in turf management and that applied SLF and ALF was stimulated the uptake of N and K into turf so that turf qualities were improved by enhancing growth shoot and root of turf.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.119-125
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• 2015

Interspecific crosses between rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and chinese cabbage (B. campestris var. pekinensis Makino) and turnip (B. rapa L.) were made in order to examine the cross possibility and morphological phenotype of $F_1$ hybrid. The growth of pollen tube of cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage was more rapid than cross between rapeseed and turnip. Silique formation and seed setting in silique were relatively high in the cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage. The percentage of silique set from interspecific cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage was 90.6% and higher 23.3% than the percentage of silique from interspecific cross rapeseed and turnip. The average number of seed per silique obtained from the cross rapeseed and chinese cabbage, and rapeseed and turnip reached 15.5 and 11.6, respectively. The morphological phenotypes of $F_1$ hybrid plants obtained from seeds in the cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage resembled rapeseed mainly, but leaf length and leaf width were increased. The size, shape and lobation of leaves of $F_1$ hybrid plants from interspecific cross between rapeseed and turnip were intermediated between their parent species, but color of leaves was dark-green.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 2016

Superintendents have been used microbial fertilizers to improve turfgrass growth and quality and to decrease turfgrass diseases in golf course. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound fertilizer containing microbe (MF) on the growth and quality of creeping bentgrass with turf color index (TCI), chlorophyll index (ChI), root length, turfgrass density, clipping yield and nutrient content. Treatments were designed as follows; non-fertilizer (NF), compound fertilizer (21-17-17; CF) as control, compound fertilizer (14-6-17) containing microbe. In pot experiment, TCI and ChI of creeping bentgrass in MF plot were similar to those in CF. But clipping dry weight of MF plot increased by 39.1% compared to that of CF plot. At field experiment applied with MF treatment, TCI, ChI, root length, and nutrient content and uptake of creeping bentgrass were similar to those with CF treatment, but turfgrass density with MF higher about 7.9-15.8% than with CF. These results indicated that the application of MF improved growth and quality of creeping bentgrass by enhancing clipping yield and shoot number.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.283-287
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• 2008

To investigate the effects of different wavelengths of photosynthetically active radiation on the morphology and leaf color changes of a single tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seedling, we stored the seedling at $10{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ under eight different wavelengths (peak wavelengths; 405, 450, 505, 545, 600, 645, 680, and 700 nm) with a constant photosynthetic photon flux of $3{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-l}$ for 28 d. Under the 405, 450, and 505 nm wavelength conditions, the leaves of the seedlings showed vigorous shape with an upright morphology. Rachis elongation was suppressed and hence compact appearance was observed under the 450 and 505 urn conditions. Although the difference in leaf color between before storage and on 28 days after storage was observed under all wavelength conditions, the 405 and 700 um irradiations changed the leaf color to light green. Application of light-emitting diode (LED) light irradiated from around 450 to 545 nm can contribute to vigorous shape with an upright morphology of tomato seedlings during low light irradiation-low temperature storage.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 1998

Anthers of three cross combinations of hot-pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) were cultured on Dumas De Vaulx medium supplemented with some growth regulators. The embryo production efficiency and the diversity for agronomic traits in $A_2$ lines were investigated. The embryo production frequencies of hybrid combinations were ranged from 16.4% to 43.4%, the highest embryo induction combination was DGSH $\times$ C-NH with 43.4% embryogenic efficiency. Among total 275 $A_2$ lines, phenotypic variants were found in six lines, 2.1% variant frequency. The diversity of $A_2$ lines derived from anther culture was different according to the cross combinations. Fruit color was within parental range, no transgressive variation was observed. However leaf color showed transgressive variation. In fruit length, fruit width and fruit weight, one C-HC $\times$ DGSH and DGSH $\times$ C-NH showed great diversity compared with doner parents while Cheokjo 1 $\times$ C-NH crossed with Cheokjo 1 with big fruit shape showed small diversity. Stem length to 1st branch was relatively similer to or longer than donor parents. Stem thick exhibited remarkable diversity. Node number to 1st branch distributed alomost within the range of donor parents in C-HC $\times$ DGSH combination, however great transgressive variations were observed in DGSH $\times$ C-NH and Cheokjo 1 $\times$ C-NH combinations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.140-145
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• 2003

폐쇄형 묘생산 시스템을에서 기내 배양된 감자 소식물체를 이용하여 플러그묘의 생산이 시도(Kim 등, 2002)된 이래 묘소질이 우수한 감자 플러그묘를 생산하기 위한 연구가 지속되고 있다(이 등, 2002, 2003). 묘소질은 정식 후 활착의 용이, 수량 증대 및 품질의 우수성을 제공하는 잠재력으로서, 초장, 절간장, 엽형, 엽색 등과 같은 외적 소질과 광합성속도, 엽록소함량, 근활력 등 내적 소질로 구분된다(Kim, 2002). (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2005.10b
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• pp.158-159
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.363-369
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• 2002

시비작업은 농업작업 중에서도 매우 복잡하고 까다로운 작업에 속한다. 엽색, 무성정도를 육안으로 보면서 과거의 경험, 논과 포장별 이력, 품종, 기상조건 등을 고려하여 시비시기, 시비량을 적기에 판단ㆍ결정하지 않으면 안 된다. 게다가 비료주기에서는 포장내 생육을 고려하여 위치에 따라 필요한 만큼 적정량을 살포해야 한다. 넓은 포장 안에서는 위치별로 생육차이가 있으므로 이러한 생육변이에 따라 시비량을 가감해야 하는 매우 복잡한 조작을 포함하고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.236-237
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• 2004