• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 2008.09a
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• pp.17-20
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 2008.09b
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• pp.17-20
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• 2008

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-25
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• 2020

This study investigated Ulsan locality during Joseon by searching and analyzing various records related to the Ulsan port including old literature, documents, and maps, and oral records relating to traditional knowledge, as well as extracting keywords arranged by the time series and space to reenact Ulsan Port and Ulsan during Joseon. The study examined the characteristics of Yeompo, which served defense and trade functions through Waegwan in the former half of Joseon, Gaewoonpo, Seosaengpo, and Dosanseong, which underwent damage during Imjinwaeran and other wars in middle Joseon, and Bangeojin, which operated state-owned ranches and defense facilities including signal fires through to the latter half of Joseon, Jangsaengpo, which played the role of a whaling zone, and neahwang-naru, iron mine of Dalcheon, trying to reproduce the trajectory of the Ulsan during Joseon. Research on the locality transfiguration process of the port will help establish the locality of the entire Ulsan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.609-609
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• 1998

This paper surveys the effect of rice straw ash solution to the physical properties of Sappan Wood dyeing fabrics. In the quantitative analysis of rice straw ash solution, the quantities of absorbed ingredients in fabrics were increased by bath pull treatment but the amount of absorption(K/S value) was increased by bath pH4.5 treatment. This is related to the metal ion. Among the metal ion, effect of Fe iou and Al ion were related. In case added extracted dye solution to mordants, the color dye solution became dark and increased reddish. The changes of mechanical properties of fabrics tensile resilience, bending rigidity(B), compressional resilience(RC) were increased. Generally mechanical properties were increased by rice straw ash solution treatment, specially bath pH9 treatment. Rice straw ash solution treatment of dyeing fabrics made the improvement in tensile strength and elongation and in the amount of absorption, dye ability, color fastness, mechanical properties, tensile strength, elongation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.699-705
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• 1998

This paper surveys the effect of rice straw ash solution to the physical properties of Sappan Wood dyeing fabrics. In the quantitative analysis of rice straw ash solution, the quantities of absorbed ingredients in fabrics were increased by bath pull treatment but the amount of absorption(K/S value) was increased by bath pH4.5 treatment. This is related to the metal ion. Among the metal ion, effect of Fe iou and Al ion were related. In case added extracted dye solution to mordants, the color dye solution became dark and increased reddish. The changes of mechanical properties of fabrics tensile resilience, bending rigidity(B), compressional resilience(RC) were increased. Generally mechanical properties were increased by rice straw ash solution treatment, specially bath pH9 treatment. Rice straw ash solution treatment of dyeing fabrics made the improvement in tensile strength and elongation and in the amount of absorption, dye ability, color fastness, mechanical properties, tensile strength, elongation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.330-348
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• 2007

Soil problems and agricultural water management of the reclaimed land in Korea were reviewed through research results conducted in RDA and ADC. According to the Korean Soil Classification and Soil Survey(NIAST, 2002), the 5 soil orders with the 45 soil series were distributed on the fluvio-marine or marine deposit of the west and south coastal plains. Yeompo, Munpo, Hasa, Gwangwhal, and Poseung soil series were most commonly distributed soil on the fluvio-marine deposits, associated with tideland of the sea coast. Former 4 soils were Entisols, and the latest one was the Inceptisols. Buyong soil associated with Poseung series was an Alfisols. Extent of Myeongji soil, a Molisols, and Yongho soil, a Histosol, were minor. Salinity control and management problems were closely related with high water table and low percolation rate due to plow-pan layer developed during the leaching process in the silty textured soil. For evaluation of field salinity, use of an electromagnetic inductance, EM38, with GPS was helpful to understand salinity status and field variability. Deep plowing, subsoiling and drainage improvement by tile drainage might be effective in paddy with plow-pan. New technology such as variable rate fertilization might save fertilizers and thus reduce environmental impact of agriculture on water quality. Water quality of agricultural water resources in reclaimed land was less adequate than that of inland water resources. Proper crop management is necessary depended upon quality for crop growth as well as to match with water quality target.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.376-388
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the types and characteristics of Chinese indigo dyed designs performed until today in private houses of Chinese minority races and to examine the modern value of traditional dyeing crafts of minority races by investigating the cases of utilizing modern private Chinese indigo dyed designs. As the research methodology for theoretical study about the history of Chinese traditional pattern dyeing, the origin, types and characteristics of Chinese indigo dyed designs, the preceding research data, photo data, and Internet data were utilized, and for the empirical research on Chinese traditional dyeing techniques and the cases of utilizing today Chinese indigo dyed designs, the on-site survey on Guizhou and Yunnan was conducted during February and March 2008 and the data were collected and analyzed. Based on the results of this research, it was found that Chinese indigo dyed designs represented Chinese traditional pattern dyeing, which was inherited and developed mainly in Chinese minority races and Chinese. It could be seen that according to geographical distribution and characteristics of each race, the types and characteristics of dyeing techniques were formed, which are classified into the batik of the Miao of Guizhou in the Chinese southwestern region, the tie-dyeing of Bai of Yunnan, and Chinese blue calico(resist printing) of Chinese private houses in the Hunan and Huseo regions, and these represent the three typical Chinese dyeing techniques today. Based on the results of empirical research on the utilizing cases, focusing on the traditional living handicrafts of Chinese minority races, traditional cultural articles, and artworks, the modern values such as practical, cultural, and artistic values of Chinese indigo dyed designs could be rediscovered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.03a
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• pp.32-32
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• 2011

염료의 포토크로미즘은 빛을 받았을 때, 염료의 분자구조가 변환되어 흡수파장이 달라지고 결과적으로 원래 색과 다른 색상을 나타내는 현상을 말한다. 대부분의 Golden yellow 색상을 나타내는 아조계 반응성염료는 Trans-Cis 간의 이성질체 전환을 통해 포토크로미즘 현상을 나타내며, 가역적으로 복색되기는 하지만 상업적으로 많은 문제와 불편을 초래한다. 한편 pyrazolone계 아조염료는 azo form 보다는 hydrazone form으로 더 많이 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이로인해 상대적으로 Trans-Cis 이성질화가 잘 일어나지 않아 포토크로미즘 현상이 잘 일어나지 않을 것으로 기대된다. 이 연구에서는 3종의 pyrazolone계 golden yellow 반응성 염료를 합성하고, 합성한 염료를 면직물에 염색하여 염색성 및 견뢰도를 평가하였다. 또한 시판되고 있는 아조계 golden yellow 반응성 염료 4종을 선정하여 역시 염색성과 견뢰도 특성을 알아보았다. 그리고 7가지 염료의 광변색 특성을 조사하기 위해 포토크로미즘 평가방법인 ISO 105-B05법 및 이전 연구에서 제안된 광변색 평가방법을 사용하였다. ISO 105-B05법은 표준청색염포가 grey scale 4등급이 되는 시간을 구한 다음 이 시간의 1/4시간동안 조사한 후 포토크로미즘을 평가하는 것이며, 후자의 경우는 4시간동안 광조사된 시험편을 측색하고 시간에 따른 복색되는 정도를 평가한다. 합성한 pyrazolone계 염료들은 394-408nm의 최대흡수파장은 나타내었다. 7종의 yellow 반응성 염료들은 모두 면직물에 우수한 염색성 및 build-up성을 나타내었으며, 대체적으로 양호한 견뢰도를 얻었다. 또한 광변색 특성 평가결과 모든 염료들은 ISO 평가방법에 대하여 non-photochromic 특성으로 나타났으나, 다른 광변색 평가 결과 일부 염료들에 있어서 photochromic 특성이 있는 것으로 나타나 평가방법에 따라 차이를 보였다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.94-102
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• 2008

The physico-chemical properties of ten reclaimed saline soils in five soil series of west-south Korea were analyzed according to the years past after reclamation. The soil samples were collected at the same sites two times in 2000 and 2004. The physico-chemical properties in 2000 had been changed in 2004 as follows. Soil salinity was the highest in Podu and desalinization period was the shortest in Munpo and Yeompo. Seasonal ground water level were above 100 cm in all regions that were 30 years old reclaimed tidal land, which was the same results of normal paddy field. In the case of soil physical changes, bulk density increased in fine textured soil (Poseung and Podu) but decreased in coarse textured soil (Gwanghwal, Munpo, and Yeompo). Porosity decreased in fine textured soil(Poseung and Podu) but increased in coarse textured soil. These reason were as follows. Fine textured soil were increased in solid phase but decreased in liquid and gaseous phase. Coarse textured soil, Gwanghwal and Munpo except for Yempo, were increased in gaseous phase but decreased in solid and liquid phase. Yempo that have low water table level were increased in liquid phase but decreased in solid and gaseous phase. Soil hardness increased in 4 soil series except for Munpo. In the case of chemical property changes, although there were more or less difference, it showed decreasing tendencies. Soil pH, the content of organic matter, available phosphate, and available silicate of five soil series were decreased during the four years. The content of exchangeable cation also decreased except for magnesium.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.2
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• pp.145-156
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• 2020

In 2000 and 2018, phytosociological surveys were carried out in the forest vegetation of Mt. Yeompo, a representative isolated urban forest in Ulsan city. The trends of change in forest structure, composition, and spatial distribution were compared between years. Total percent coverage per 100 squaremeters of forest vegetation was similar, but natural vegetation showed a 9% increase. The importance of constituent species changed slightly. Specifically, Lindera erythrocarpa and Styrax japonicus showed very high growth rates of 835% and 269%, respectively. Species richness (S) and diversity (H') decreased by about 22% and 8%, respectively. Both S and H' showed slightly higher rates of decrease in artificial compared with natural vegetation. The constituent species life form spectrums were the same in 2000 and 2018 as 'MM-R5-D4-e'. The similarity (Jaccard coefficient) in the species composition of the forest vegetation was almost homogeneous at approximately 75%. The number of indicator species decreased from 16 species in 2000 to 7 species in 2018. This decrease was mostly due to a decline in herbaceous plants, such as Hemicryptophytes, Geophytes, and Therophytes, which are sensitive to disturbances. The spatial distribution of forest vegetation did not change significantly. The number of forest landscape elements (patches) increased by approximately 25% from 537 in 2000 to 721 in 2018, while the average size decreased by about 20% from 1.28 ha in 2000 to 1.03 ha in 2018.