• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2010

Enterocytozoon bieneusi, a microsporidian species, has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients. This organism has also been identified in a wide range of animals, and the zoonotic potential of human infections is of particular interest. This study revealed that this organism was found with relatively high prevalence in feces of asymptomatic cattle in Korea. Fecal specimens were obtained from a total of 1,720 cattle in a slaughterhouse located in Chungnam province, Daejeon city and Chonbuk province. After removal of fecal debris by sieving and density gradient centrifugation, samples were examined by microscopic examination and then nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Microscopic examination with the modified trichrome staining for the fecal specimens revealed 194 (11.28%) positive calves for microsporidia spore. PCR using the specific primer for E. bieneusi revealed 79 (4.59%) positive calves. The infection ratio of microsporidia was higher in March than other season.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1883-1896
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• 2009

This paper explores the use of Korean wrapping cloths (bojagi) in the late Joseon period and the types of decorations applied to them. Korean wrapping cloths called bojagi are pieces of cloths used by households of all social classes for practical purposes such as wrapping presents and covering food. In addition to the basic purposes, the making of bojagi was also an activity to express the down-to-earth wishes and the satisfaction of creation by the designer. With regard to the decorative feature of Korean wrapping cloths, five types of, patchwork, embroidered, painted, printed, and oiled-paper wrapping cloths, were examined. The patchwork wrapping cloths (jogakbo) show the frugality of Joseon women in addition to the well-developed composition skill of lines and colors. The embroidered wrapping cloths were prepared for special rituals and ceremonies such as weddings. Painted wrapping cloths were decorated with a Chinese-colors technique (called dangchae) or sometimes with black ink painting. For printed wrapping cloths, various sizes of woodblock printings and roller printings were used. Although monotone black ink was the main color applied to the printing, there was also wrapping cloths made from chintz having brilliant fast colors. Oiled-paper wrapping cloths called sikjibo were in use only for covering food. Cut-out work was employed to decorate it.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.86-100
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• 2004

계산을 통한 단백질 상호작용 예측 기법의 중요성이 제기되면서 많은 단백질 상호 작용 예측 기법이 제안되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 기법들이 일반 사용자가 손쉽게 사용할 수 있는 서비스 형태로 제공되고 있는 경우는 드물다. 본 논문에서는 현재까지 알려진 단백질 상호작용 예측 기법 중 예측 기법의 완성도가 높고 상대적으로 예측 정확도가 높은 것으로 알려진 도메인 조합 기반 단백질 상호 작용 예측 기법을 PreSPI(Prediction System for Protein Interaction)라는 서비스 시스템으로 설계하고 구현하였다. 구현된 시스템이 제공하는 기능은 크게 도메인 조합 기반 단백질 상호 작용 예측 기법을 서비스 형태로 만들어 제공하는 기능으로 입력 단백질 쌍에 대한 상호작용 예측이 중심이 된 핵심기능과, 핵심 기능으로부터 파생되는 기능인 부가 기능, 그리고 주어진 단백질에 대한 도메인 정보검색 기능과 같이 단백질 상호작용에 관하여 연구하는 연구자에게 도움이 되는 일반적인 기능으로 구성되어 있다. 계산을 통해 단백질 상호 작용을 예측하는 시스템은 대규모계산이 요구되는 경우가 많아 좋은 성능을 갖추는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문에서 구현된 PreSPI 시스템은 서비스에 따라 적절히 그 처리를 병렬화 함으로써 시스템의 성능 향상을 도모하였고, PreSPI 가 제공하는 기능을 웹 서비스 API 로 Deploy 하여 시스템의 개방성을 지원하고 있다. 또한 인터넷 환경에서 변화되는 단백질 상호 작용 및 도메인에 관한 정보를 유연하게 반영할 수 있도록 시스템을 계층 구조로 설계하였다. 본 논문에서는 PreSPI 가 제공하는 몇 가지 대표적인 서비스에 관하여 사용자 인터페이스를 중심으로 상술함으로써 초기 PreSPI 사용자가 PreSPI 가 제공하는 서비스를 이해하고 사용하는 데에도 도움이 되도록 하였다.있어서 자각증상, 타각소견(他覺所見)과 함께 이상(異常)은 확인되지 않았으며 부작용도 없었다. 이상의 결과로부터, ‘펩타이드 음료’는 경증고혈압 혹은 경계역고혈압자(境界域高血壓者)의 혈압을, 자각증상 및 혈액${\cdot}$뇨검사에도 전혀 영향을 미치지 않고 저하시킨다고 결론지었다.이병엽을 염색하여 흰가루 병균의 균사생장과 포자형성 등을 관찰한 결과 균사가 용균되는 것을 볼 수 있었으며, 균사의 용균정도와 분생포자형성 억제 정도는 병 방제효과와 일치하는 경향을 보였다.을 의미한다. IV형은 가장 후기에 포획된 유체포유물이며, 광산 주변에 분포하는 석회암체 등의 변성퇴적암류로부터 $CO_{2}$ 성분과 다양한 성분의 유체가 공급되어 생성된 것으로 여겨진다. 정동이 발달하고 있지 않으며, 백운모를 함유하고 있는 대유페그마타이트는 변성작용에 의한 부분용융에 의해 형성된 멜트에서 결정화되었으며, 상당히 높은 압력의 환경에서 대유페그마타이트의 결정화작용 과정에서 용리한 유체의 성분이 전기석에 포획되어 있다. 이때 용리된 유체는 다양한 성분을 지니고 있었으며, 매우 낮은 공융온도와 다양한 딸결정은 포유물 내에 NaCl, KCl 이외에 적어도 $CaCl_{2},\;MgCl_{2}$와 같은 성분을 포함하고 있음을 지시한다. 유체의 용리는 적어도 $2.7{\sim}5.3$ kbar 이상의 압력과 $230{\sim}328^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 시작되었다.없었다. 결론적으로 일부 한방제와 생약제제는 육계에서 항생제를 대체하여 사용이 가능하며 특히 혈액의 성분에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. 실증연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.trip과 Sof-Lex disc로 얻어진 표면은 레진전색제의 사용으로 표면조도의 개선

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2001

Purpose : The measurement of radiation survival using a clonogenic assay, the established standard, can be difficult and time consuming. In this study, We have used the MTT assay, based on the reduction of a tetrazolium salt to a purple formazan precipitate by living cells, as a substitution for clonogenic assay and have examined the optimal condition for performing this assay in determination of radiation sensitivity. Materials and Methods : Four human cancer cell lines - PCI-1, SNU-1066, NCI-H630 and RKO cells have been used. For each cell line, a clonogenic assay and a MTT assay using Premix WST-1 solution, which is one of the tetrazolium salts and does not require washing or solubilization of the precipitate were carried out after irradiation of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Gy. For clonogenic assay, cells in $25\;cm^2$ flasks were irradiated after overnight incubation and the resultant colonies containing more than 50 cells were scored after culturing the cells for $10\~14$ days. For MTT assay, the relationship between absorbance and cell number, optimal seeding cell number, and optimal timing of assay was determined. Then, MTT assay was performed when the irradiated cells had regained exponential growth or when the non-irradiated cells had undergone four or more doubling times. Results : There was minimal variation in the values gained from these two methods with the standard deviation generally less than $5\%$, and there were no statistically significant differences between two methods according to t-test in low radiation dose (below 6 Gy). The regression analyses showed high linear correlation with the $R^2$ value of $0.975\~0.992$ between data from the two different methods. The optimal cell numbers for MTT assay were found to be dependent on plating efficiency of used cell line. Less than 300 cells/well were appropriate for cells with high plating efficiency (more than $30\%$). For cells with low plating efficiency (less than $30\%$), 500 cells/well or more were appropriate for assay. The optimal time for MTT assay was after 6 doubling times for the results compatible with those of clonogenic assay, at least after 4 doubling times was required for valid results. In consideration of practical limits of assay (12 days, in this study) cells with doubling time more than 3 days were inappropriate for application. Conclusion : In conclusion, it is found that MTT assay can successfully replace clonogenic assay of tested cancer cell lines after irradiation only if MTT assay was undertaken with optimal assay conditions that included plating efficiency of each cell line and doubling time at least.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.27-37
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• 2009

Sensor nodes forming a sensor network have limited energy capacity such as small batteries and when these nodes are placed in a specific field, it is important to research minimizing sensor nodes' energy consumption because of difficulty in supplying additional energy for the sensor nodes. Clustering has been in the limelight as one of efficient techniques to reduce sensor nodes' energy consumption in sensor networks. However, energy saving results can vary greatly depending on election of cluster heads, the number and size of clusters and the distance among the sensor nodes. /This research has an aim to find the optimal set of clusters which can reduce sensor nodes' energy consumption. We use a Genetic Algorithm(GA), a stochastic search technique used in computing, to find optimal solutions. GA performs searching through evolution processes to find optimal clusters in terms of energy efficiency. Our results show that GA is more efficient than LEACH which is a clustering algorithm without evolution processes. The two-dimensional GA (2D-GA) proposed in this research can perform more efficient gene evolution than one-dimensional GA(1D-GA)by giving unique location information to each node existing in chromosomes. As a result, the 2D-GA can find rapidly and effectively optimal clusters to maximize lifetime of the sensor networks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.37-46
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• 2004

'Fleeting fragrance: the history, preservation and display of perfumed clothes' Fragrance - like style - is one of the intangible aspects of costume history that we often wish had been preserved. Garments were perfumed both to impart a pleasurable impression and to mask disagreeable odors from use or from production processes such as tanning and dyeing. Expensive gloves were traditionally perfumed, as well as lace collars, silk stockings and shawls. Both historical and modern attempts have been made to create scents that please the wearer and attract the oppoiste sex, while (preferable) also repelling osquitoes and moths! Unintentional perfuming also occurred, which we sometimes may be lucky to find in our museum collections. How do we describe and identify the transient odors of museum objects, and at what cost can they be preserved and presented for the public? This lecture includes samples of reconstructed historical scents presented in costume exhibitions at the Royal Danish Collections.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.681-690
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• 1999

The primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma of the lung is a rare low grade B cell-lymphoma arising from bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue(BALT) which had been regarded as pseudolymphoma. It has the characteristic histologic findings with monoclonal B cells of centrocyte-like lymphoid cells and a lymphoepithelial lesion. Clinically it shows an indolent clinical course and much more favorable prognosis than lymphoma of other site. We report 3 cases of the pulmonary malignant lymphoma of BALT, which was confirmed by lung biopsy, immunohistochemistry and PCR assay.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.412-423
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• 2016

This paper explores the possibility, and suggests an experimental procedure, of industrial application of traditional textile design techniques, such as hand silkprinting and natural dyeing. Theoretical and traditional background of this study is William Morris and his followers' Arts and Crafts Movement from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, which laid the philosophical as well as technical foundations of modern textile design tradition. Based on the basic understanding of the design philosophy, and starting from the design techniques of Morris and his successors, I made some experimental and systematic color plans reflecting and exploiting the physical traits and structure of jacquard woven silk material fabrics. And I applied hand silkscreen printing techniques on the jacquard silk fabrics of my own making, while testing various color combinations of natural dyes. After finishing final processing of design samples, I could get textile design products which met the criteria of my original expectation, i.e., eco-friendly and aesthetic design samples that can also be produced in automatized mass production system of contemporary textile industry. The conclusion of this experimental study is that I can expect the natural dyeing techniques, jacquard silk fabrics design techniques, silkprinting techniques, and the basic processes used in this study to be safely applied for contemporary commercial textile industry utilizing automatized silkscreen printing system and digital printing devices.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.255-262
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• 2004

We applied nuclear DNA content stained with 4'-6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and total protein concentration to predict the existence of Cochlodinium polykrikoides before huge blooms occurred, based on a short-term survey at sites in the South Sea. Fluctuations in environmental conditions and nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate) were of a similar range, regardless of sampling sites or early and middle field observations. However, C. polykrikoides abundance was significantly different depending on the station, with a higher cell density of 34, 62, and 57 cells L$^{-1}$ at Stn C2, C5, and C6, respectively than what was found in early August, 2000. In mid August, 2000, the highest cell density of 547 cells L$^{-1}$ at Stn C3 was observed. The relationship between C. polykrikoides abundance, DAPI-stained DNA content, and total protein concentration was a positive correlation coefficient, in particular a higher positive correlation was exposed to even a smaller abundance of C. polykrikoides. These results suggest that DNA stained by DAPI and total protein concentration could play an important index in easily predicting the presence of C. polykrikoides before blooms.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.52-69
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• 2021

The transcriptions of Buddhist sutra in the Goryeo Dynasty are more elaborate and splendid than those of any other period and occupy a very important position in Korean bibliography. Among them, the transcriptions made on indigo paper show decorative features that represent the dignity and quality that nobles would have preferred. Particularly, during the Goryeo Dynasty, a large number of transcriptions were made on indigo paper, often in hand-scrolled and folded forms. If flexibility was not guaranteed, the hand-scrolled form caused inconvenience and damage when handling the transcription because of the structural limitations of the material that is rolled up and opened. It was possible to overcome these shortcomings by changing from the hand-scrolled to the folded form to obtain convenience and structural stability. The folded form of the transcription utilizes the same principle as the folding screen, so it is a structure that can be folded and unfolded, and it is made by connecting parts at regularly spaced intervals. No matter how small the transcription is, if it is made of thin paper, it is difficult to handle it and to maintain its shape and structure. For this reason, the folded transcription was usually made of thick paper to support the structure, and the cover was made thicker than the inner part to protect the contents. In other words, the forded form was generally manufactured to suit the characteristics of maintaining strength by making the paper thick. Because a large amount of indigo paper was needed to make this type of transcription, it is assumed that there were craftsmen who were in charge only of dark dyeing the papers. Usually, paper dyeing requires much more dye than silk dyeing, and dyeing dozens of times would be required to obtain the deep indigo color of the base of the transcription of Buddhist sutra in the Goryeo Dynasty. Unfortunately, there is no record of the Goryeo Dynasty's indigo blue paper manufacturing technique, and the craftsmen who made indigo paper no longer remain, so no one knows the exact method of making indigo paper. Recently, Hanji artisans, natural dyers, and conservators attempted to restore the Goryeo Dynasty's indigo paper, but the texture and deep colors found in the relics could not be reproduced. This study introduces the process of restoring indigo paper in the Goryeo Dynasty through collaboration between dyeing artisans, Hanji artisans, and conservators for conservation of the transcription of Buddhist sutra in the late Goryeo dynasty, yielding a suggested method of making indigo paper.