Journal of Veterinary Clinics (한국임상수의학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics (한국임상수의학회)
권호 표지

Occurrence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Korean Native Cattle Examined by Light Microscopic and Molecular Methods

광학 현미경 및 분자생물학적 방법을 적용한 한우의 Enterocytozoon bieneusi 역학조사

  • Lee, John-Hwa (College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Soo (Research Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jeon, Byung-Woo (College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Son, Hwa-Young (Research Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Ryu, Si-Yun (Research Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Shin, Hyun-Jin (Research Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Jie-Yeun (Research Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyeon-Cheol (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hur, Jin (College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Cho, Jeong-Gon (College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Bae-Keun (Research Institute of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • 이존화 (전북대학교 수의과대학) ;
  • 김남수 (충남대학교 수의과대학.동물의과학연구소) ;
  • 전병우 (전북대학교 수의과대학) ;
  • 손화영 (충남대학교 수의과대학.동물의과학연구소) ;
  • 류시윤 (충남대학교 수의과대학.동물의과학연구소) ;
  • 신현진 (충남대학교 수의과대학.동물의과학연구소) ;
  • 박지연 (충남대학교 수의과대학.동물의과학연구소) ;
  • 김현철 (강원대학교 수의과대학) ;
  • 허진 (전북대학교 수의과대학) ;
  • 조정곤 (전북대학교 수의과대학) ;
  • 박배근 (충남대학교 수의과대학.동물의과학연구소)
  • Published : 2010.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Enterocytozoon bieneusi, a microsporidian species, has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients. This organism has also been identified in a wide range of animals, and the zoonotic potential of human infections is of particular interest. This study revealed that this organism was found with relatively high prevalence in feces of asymptomatic cattle in Korea. Fecal specimens were obtained from a total of 1,720 cattle in a slaughterhouse located in Chungnam province, Daejeon city and Chonbuk province. After removal of fecal debris by sieving and density gradient centrifugation, samples were examined by microscopic examination and then nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Microscopic examination with the modified trichrome staining for the fecal specimens revealed 194 (11.28%) positive calves for microsporidia spore. PCR using the specific primer for E. bieneusi revealed 79 (4.59%) positive calves. The infection ratio of microsporidia was higher in March than other season.

미포자충인 Enterocytozoon bieneusi는 최근에 AIDS 환자에 기회감염 되는 병원체로 부각되었다. 이 병원체는 여러 동물에서 발견되고 있으며 인수공통 기생충으로서 특별한 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 충남, 대전, 전북 지역의 도축장으로부터 특별한 증상을 보이지 않은 건강한 한우 총 1,729 마리의 직장변을 취하여 E. bieneusi의 감염율을 조사하였다. 조사방법은 Trichrome 염색 변법과 중합효소연쇄반응(PCR)을 이용한 분자생물학적 기법을 적용하였다. Trichrome 염색변법을 적용한 광학현미경 관찰에서 194 (11.28%) 개체에서 미포자충이 관찰되었으며, 특히 3월에 가장 높은 감염율을 보였다. 한편 분자생물학적 기법을 적용한 시험에서는 79 (4.59%) 개체에서 양성 반응을 보였으며, 이 역시 3월에 가장 높은 감염율을 나타내었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Avery SW, Undeen AH. The isolation of microsporidia and other pathogens from concentrated ditch water. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 1987; 3: 54-58.
  2. Bryan RT. Microsporidiosis as an AIDS-related opportunistic infection. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21(suppl 1): S62-S65. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/21.Supplement_1.S62
  3. Buckholt MA, Lee JH, Tzipori S. Prevalence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in swine: an 18-month survey at a slaughterhouse in Massachusetts. Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68: 2595-2599. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.5.2595-2599.2002
  4. Canning EU, Hollister WS. Microsporidia of mammalswidespread pathogens or opportunistic curiosities? Parasitol Today 1987; 3: 267-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(87)90103-7
  5. Canning EU, Hollister WS. The importance of microsporidia as opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Eur J Gastroentero Hepatol 1992; 4: 422-427.
  6. Conteas CN, Berlin OG, Speck CE, Pandhumas SS, Lariviere MJ, Fu C. Modification of the clinical course of intestinal microsporidiosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients by immune status and anti-human immunodeficiency virus therapy. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 58: 555-558.
  7. Da Silva AJ, Scwartz DA, Visvesvara GS, De Moura H, Slemenda SB, Pieniazek NJ. Sensitive PCR diagnosis of infections by Enterocytozoon bieneusi (microsporidia) using primers based on the region coding for small-subunit rRNA. J Clin Microbiol 1996; 34: 986-987.
  8. del Aguila C, Izquierdo F, Navajas R, Pieniazek NJ, Miro G, Alonso AI, Da Silva AJ, Fenoy S. Enterocytozoon bieneusi in animals: rabbits and dogs as new hosts. J Eukaryot Microbiol 1999; 46: 8S-9S.
  9. Dengjel B, Zahler M, Hermanns W, Heinritzi K, Spillmann T, Thomschke A, Loscher T, Gothe R, Rinder H. Zoonotic potential of Enetrocytozoon bieneusi. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 4495-4499. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.12.4495-4499.2001
  10. Didier ES, Weiss LM. Microsporidiosis: current status. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2006; 19: 485-492. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23
  11. Fayer R, Santín M, Trout JM. First detection of microsporidia in dairy calves in North America. Parasitol Res 2003; 90: 383-386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-003-0870-1
  12. Fournier S, Liguory O, Santillana-Hayat M, Guillot E, Sarfati C, Dumoutier N, Molina JM, Derouin F. Detection of microsporidia in surface water: a one-year follow-up study. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2000; 29: 95-100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01510.x
  13. Franzen C, Muller A. Molecular techniques for detection, species differentiation, and phylogenetic analysis of microsporidia. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999; 12: 243-285.
  14. Jeong DK, Won GY, Park BK, Hur J, You JY, Kang SJ, Oh IG, Lee YS, Stein BD, Lee JH. Occurrence and genotypic characteristics of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pigs with diarrhea. Parasitol Res 2007; 102: 123-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-007-0740-3
  15. Kondova I, Mansfield K, Buckholt MA, Stein B, Widmer G, Carville A, Lackner A, Tzipori S. Transmission and serial propagation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from humans and Rhesus macaques in gnotobiotic piglets. Infect Immun 1998; 66: 5515-5519
  16. Mansfield KG, Carville A, Hebert D, Chalifoux L, Shvetz D, Lin KC, Tzipori S, Lackner AA. Localization of persistent Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection in normal rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to the hepatobiliary tree. J Clin Microbiol. 1998; 36: 2336-2338.
  17. Marshall MM, Naumovitz D, Ortega Y, Sterling CR. Waterborne protozoan pathogens. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997; 10: 67-85.
  18. Mathis A, Breitenmoser AC, Deplazes P. Detection of new Enterocytozoon genotypes in faecal samples of farm dogs and a cat. Parasite 1999; 6: 189-193.
  19. Mathis A, Weber R, Deplazes P. Zoonotic potential of the microsporidia. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18: 423-445. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.18.3.423-445.2005
  20. Matsubayashi H, Koike T, Mikata I, Takei H, Hagiwara S. A case of Encephalitozoon-like body infection in man. Arch Pathol 1959; 67: 181-187.
  21. Reetz J, Rinder H, Thomschke A, Manke H, Schwebs M, Bruderek A. First detection of the microsporidium Enterocytozoon bieneusi in non-mammalian hosts (chickens). Int J Parasitol 2002; 32: 785-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(02)00045-0
  22. Rinder H, Thomschke A, Dengjel B, Gothe R, Loscher T, Zahler M. Close genotypic relationship between Enetrocytozoon bieneusi from humans and pigs and first detection in cattle. J Parasitol 2000; 86: 185-188.
  23. Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. Prevalence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in post-weaned dairy calves in the eastern United States. Parasitol Res 2004; 93: 287–289.
  24. Sulaiman IM, Fayer R, Lal AA, Trout JM, Schaefer FW 3rd, Xiao L. Molecular characterization of microsporidia indicates that wild mammals harbor host-adapted Enterocytozoon spp. as well as human-pathogenic Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003; 69: 4495-4501. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.8.4495-4501.2003
  25. Sulaiman IM, Fayer R, Yang C, Santín M, Matos O, Xiao L. Molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in cattle indicates that only some isolates have zoonotic potential. Parasitol Res 2004; 92: 328–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-003-1049-5
  26. Talal AH, Kotler DP, Orenstein JM, Weiss LM. Detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in fecal specimens by Polymerase Chain Reaction analysis with primers to the Small-Subunit rRNA. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26: 673-675. https://doi.org/10.1086/514593
  27. Von Naegeli C. In R. Caspary (ed.), Bericht über die Verhandlungen der Bot. Sekt. Der 33 Versammslung deutscher Naturforscher und Artze, gehalten in Bonn von 18 bis 24 Sept, 1857. Bot Z 1857; 15: 747-776.
  28. Weber R, Bryan RT. Microsporidial infections in immunodeficient and immunocompetent patients. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19: 517-521. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/19.3.517
  29. Weber R, Bryan RT, Owen RL, Wilcox CM, Gorelkin L, Visvesvara GS. Improved light-microscopical detection of Microsporidia spores in stool and duodenal aspirates. The enteric opportunistic infections working group. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199201163260304
  30. Weber R, Bryan RT, Schwartz DA, Owen RL. Human microsporidial infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 1994; 7: 426-461.