• Title/Summary/Keyword: 염색체수

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Studies on the Karyotypes and Comparative DNA Values in Several Korean Cyprinid Fishes (한국산 담수어류(잉어과) 몇종의 핵형과 DNA 상대량에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Yung-Sun;Park, Eun-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.97-108
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    • 1973
  • Karyological characteristics and relative DNA values were investigated in four species of the family Cyprinidae of Korean fresh-water. The results obtained were as follows; 1) The two Hemibarus species, H. longirostris and H. labeo, had the aiploid chromosome number of 50. The compliment of former consisted of 7 metacentric, 14 submets- and subtelocentric and 4 telo- or acrocentric pairs, whereas latter had 9, 11 and 5 pairs respectively, Total arm numbers (AN) were 92 and 90. 2) In the case of two species of genus Moroce, M. oxycephalus and M. lagowskii, their diploid number and karyotype showed in identical pattern for each other (2n=50); 6 pairs of metacentrics, 14 pairs of submeta- and subtelocentrics and 5 pairs of telo- or acrocentrics. The AN of both species were 90. 3) Relative DNA values of all species were measured as about 60% that of gold fish. From the above observation, the cytogenetical character was discussed with special concern to the phylogenetic significance.

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Effect of Brown Rice Extract on Mitomycin C-Induced Chromosome Aberration in Cultured CHL Cells (현미 추출물이 Mitomycin C로 유발된 CHL 세포의 염색체 이상에 미치는 영향)

  • Chun, Hyang-Sook;Kim, In-Ho;Kim, Hyun-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.1003-1007
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    • 1995
  • The effect of brown rice extract on mitomycin C(MMC)-induced chromosome aberration was examined in cultured Chinese hamster lung(CHL) cells, after induction of chromosome aberration and mitotic index in CHL cells cultured with MMC were observed. There were no significant differences between mitotic indices of CHL cells treated with DMSO, and MMC and brown rice extract. The frequency of chromosome aberration showed dose-dependent relationship in CHL cells treated with $0.2{\sim}3.0\;{\mu}g$/assay of MMC. But chromosome aberrations could not be assayed Our to cytotoxicity of MMC when its concentrations were above $3.0\;{\mu}g$/assay. Chromatid type, especially gap and break, of chromosome aberration were most frequently observed. When CHL cells treated with $2.0\;{\mu}g$/assay of MMC and brown rice extracts of concentration ranging $0.75{\sim}10.0\;{\mu}g$/assay were incubated, frequencies of chromosome aberration induced by MMC were significantly decreased at above concentrations(p<0.01, p<0.05). As concentration of brown rice extract was increased, frequencies of chromosome aberration was decreased $7{\sim}30%$, in some irregularity.

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Cytological Studies of Two Species of Genus Cipangopaludina ( Mesogastropoda : Viviparidae ) in Korea (한국산 논우렁이 2종의 세포학적 연구)

  • Gab-Man Park;Younghun Jung
    • The Korean Journal of Malacology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.21-27
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    • 1997
  • 한국에 분포되어 있는 논우렁이과(Viviparidae)권패류는 논우렁이(Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata)와 큰논우렁이(C. japonica), 두 종이 보고되어 있으나 형태학적 유사성 때문에 감별이 용이치 않다. 우선, 본 연구에서는 두 종간에 염색체 수와 핵형분석 결과를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 두 종 모두 염색체 수는 2n=18이었으며 성염색체는 구별할 수 없었고, 두쌍의 metacentric과 7쌍의 submetacentric염색채를 갖고 있었다. 두 종간 평균 염색체 크기에는 큰논우렁이가 논우렁이보다 약 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$정도 크게 나타났다.

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Identification of Sex-Specific DNA Sequences in the Chicken (닭의 성특이적 DNA 분리)

  • Song, K.D.;Shin, Y.S.;Han, Jae Y.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.177-188
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    • 1993
  • This study was performed to find out the reasonable sexing methods In the chicken, obtain the basic information for the mechanisms related to chicken sexual differentiation and identify the genes which known to involved in chicken sex differentiation. The chromosome analysis of chicken embryonic fibroblast was a simple method to determine sex of chicken by means of Z and W chromosome identification. The bands of female chicken genomic DNA digested with Xho Ⅰ and Eco RI restriction endonuclease showed to be useful in direct sex determination and these repetitive sequences of Xho Ⅰ and Eco RI families were proposed to be very homologous in their sequences by colony hybridization analysis. Seven of 150 random primers were selected to amplify the W chromosome-specific band by using arbitrary primed PCR and three of them were useful to identify the sex of chicken. To identify the sex differentiation genes in the chicken, PCR for the amplification of ZFY and SRY sequences was performed. ZFY and SRY sequences were amplified successfully in the chicken genome, implying that chicken genome might have the sex-related conserved sequences similar to mammalian ones. The PCR products of ZFY amplification were the same in both sexes, suggesting that these sequences may be located on autosome or Z chromosome. The profile of PCR amplification for SRY sequences showed variation between sexes, but this result was not enough to specify whether the SRY gene in chicken is on the autosome or sex chromosome.

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Karyological Relationship of Genus Abies in Korea (한국산(韓國産) Abies 속(屬)의 핵학적(核學的) 유연관계(類緣關係))

  • Kim, Yeang Du
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.62 no.1
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    • pp.60-67
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    • 1983
  • Karyotype analysis of somatic chromosome was attempted to find out the relationship among the 3 species of Abies growing in Korea, and A firma introduced from Japan The results were summarized as follows: 1) The number of somatic chromosome was equal for all species, 2n=24. 2) When somatic chromosome was arranged by descending order of the short arm length, the long arm of number 9 chromosome of A. holophylla was much larger than that of the other species. A. koreana and A. nephrolepis had a similarity in b/a value and A. holophylla and A. firma were also similar. 3) When it was arranged by descending order of the short arm length, eight chromosomes of A. koreana and A. nephrolepis showed a similar in b/a value, and two chromosomes of A. holophylla and A. firma did in its value. 4) When it was arranged by descending order of total length, chromosome numbers 7 and 8 in A. koreana were particularly similar to those in A. nephrolepis. 5) When it was arranged by descending order of total length, six somatic chromosomes of A. koreana and A. nephrolepis were similar in b/a value, and two somatic chromosomes of A. holophylla and A. firma similar in its value. 6) When it was arranged by descending order of long arm length, in the of b/a value of chromosome number one in A. koreana and A. nephrolepis was much larger, and that in A. holophylla and A. firma was much smaller than that in the others.

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Karyological Study of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (일본산 메추리(Coturnix coturnix japonica)의 핵형연구)

  • ;;N. S. Fechheimerlr
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.269-274
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    • 1990
  • Chromosome complements of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied using several tissues which involving testis, leukocytes and embryos. The diploid count was estimated to be 2n=78. Analyzing the metaphase of secondary meiosis in spermatocytes, the haploid count estimated to be n=39. Morphometric analysis were studied by the centromeric index and relative length of 8 macro-chromosomes and Z, W chromosomes The differences of morphological feature were not significant among tissues. Exceptionally the chromosome 4 shelved a considerable variety in the presence of it's short arm.

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Crossability, Variation in Chromosome Number, and Agronomic Characters in Hybrid of Hexaploid Triticale with Tetraploid Rye (6배체 트리티케일과 4배체호밀 교잡에서의 교잡율, 염색체수 변이 및 작물학적 특성)

  • 황종진;하용웅;이홍석
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.305-312
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    • 1992
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate seed set, variation in chromosome number, and agronomic characteristics of the progeny in the cross between hexaploid triticale variety, Sinkihomil(P$_1$) and tetraploid rye variety, Dooroohomil(P$_2$). Seed set rate obtained was 30.5% in the cross of Sinkihomil with Dooroohomil, whereas 3.26% in reciprocal cross using Dooroohomil as female. Alsoseed set was 8.75% in F$_1$/P$_1$, 7.20% in F$_1$/P$_2$, and 1.53% in F$_2$(=F$_1$ /F$_1$, respectively. Germination rate of crossed seed was 37% in cross of P$_1$ with P$_2$, 39.0% in F$_1$/P$_1$(BC$_1$), 50% in F$_1$/P$_2$(BC$_2$) and 43.0% in F$_1$/F$_1$(F$_2$), and 1,000 grain wight was 20.7g in the cross of P$_1$ with P$_2$, which have 41.9g and 47.7g, respectively, 24.5g in F$_1$/P$_1$, 23.6g in F$_1$/P$_2$, and 24.5g in F$_1$/F$_1$, respectively. In pollen fertility of F$_1$ plant, 69.8% turned out to be abnormal or sterile pollen grains, whereas 30.2% was fertile or normal. In meiosis of pollen mother cell of F$_1$ plant, 13.5 univalents, 8.89 bivalent and 1.24 trivalent were appeared. Somatic chromosome number of 35 in F$_1$, both 32 to 33 and 35 to 36 in F$_2$, 35 to 39 in BC$_1$ and 28 to 36 in BC$_2$ which mean producing female gamate was 14 to 18 chromosome in PMC of F$_1$ plant. Rate of fertile plant turned out to be 100% in F$_1$, 4.5% in F$_2$, 42.9% in BC$_1$, and 50.0% in BC$_2$, respectively. Number of seed set per spike appeared to be 1.17 in F$_1$ plant, 13.3 in F$_2$, 2.36 in BC$_1$, and 3.75 in BC$_2$, respectively. Days to heading of F$_1$ was intermediate, but F$_2$ was later than both parents. Plant height of F$_1$ , BC$_1$ ,and BC$_2$ was shorter than both parent, but F$_2$, longer than both parents.

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