• Title/Summary/Keyword: 열풍

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A Study on Improvement of Evacuation Safety at Daycare Center (어린이집 피난안전 향상에 관한 연구)

  • Jin, Seung-Hee
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.63-73
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    • 2017
  • As more and more the number of a couple working together for living has increased and an interest in early education has risen, daycare centers have made an effort to provide effective and good service beyond 'nursery care'. The most important thing in building in the event of disasters is safe evacuation of occupants. Having 'safe evacuation route' is required to reduce damage caused by disasters, It is necessary to give continuous and repeated training for right evacuation to infant and children so that they can evacuation successfully. This study examined problems that need improvement so that evacuation instrument installed in daycare centers can be used better by analyzing a survey of evacuation related facilities on daycare centers. This study found that laws and regulations on safety should be improved, evacuation facilities prepared against should be maintained regularly by relevant authorities, training for coping with disasters should be provied and evacuation instruments which are suitable for children.

Public Key based Virtual Credit Card Number Payment System for Efficient Authentication in Card Present Transaction (대면거래환경에서 효율적인 인증을 위한 공개키 기반의 가상카드번호 결제 기법)

  • Park, Chan-ho;Park, Chang-seop
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.1175-1186
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    • 2015
  • Financial fraud has been increasing along with credit card usage. Magnetic stripe cards have vulnerabilities in that credit card information is exposed in plaintext and cardholder verification is untrustworthy. So they have been replaced by a smart card scheme to provide enhanced security. Furthermore, the FinTech that combines the IT with Financial product is being prevalent. For that reason, many mobile device based payment schemes have been proposed for card present transaction. In this paper, we propose a virtual credit card number payment scheme based on public key system for efficient authentication in card present transaction. Our proposed scheme is able to authenticate efficiently in card present transaction by pre-registering virtual credit card number based on cardholder's public key without PKI. And we compare and analyze our proposed scheme with EMV.

Development of A Torrefaction Unit of High Moisture Food & Agricultural Wastes (음식물 및 농업폐기물 열분해장치 개발)

  • Song, Dae Bin;Lim, Ki Hyeon;Jung, Dae Hong;Yoon, Jong Hyeon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 2017.04a
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    • pp.116-116
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    • 2017
  • 2012년 국내 총 폐기물(지정폐기물 제외) 발생량은 382,009 톤/일 으로 이 중 12.8%를 차지하는 생활폐기물 중 음식물 채소류폐기물 발생량은 13,209 톤/일 으로 대부분 소각 후 매립 처리되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고수분 음식물 및 농업 폐기물을 재활용한 고형연료 제조에 필요한 열분해장치를 개발하고 실험을 통해 그 성능을 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 건조용량 50 kg/hr인 실험실용 열분해장치를 제작하였다. 건조 처리된 농업폐기물과 음식물 쓰레기를 열분해용 실험 원료로 사용하였다. 원료종류, 열분해 온도, 열분해 시간에 따른 농업폐기물과 음식물 쓰레기의 열분해 특성을 파악하였다. 농업부산물 건조물의 열분해 처리 결과, 열분해 처리능력은 평균 55.35 kg/hr, 저위발열량은 평균 3,333 kcal/kg으로 측정되었다. 농업부산물을 단순 건조 처리한 경우 고위발열량은 3,400 kcal/kg, 저위발열량은 3,090 kcal/kg으로 측정되어 열분해처리로 발열량이 향상됨을 알 수 있다. 음식물 쓰레기 건조물의 열분해 처리조건 및 결과, 열분해 처리능력은 평균 88.27 kg/hr, 저위발열량은 평균 4,016 kcal/kg으로 측정되었다. 음식물 쓰레기를 단순 건조 처리한 경우 고위발열량은 4,040 kcal/kg, 저위발열량은 3,686 kcal/kg으로 측정되어 열분해처리로 발열량이 향상됨을 알 수 있다. 열분해 처리능력은 연구목표치인 50 kg/hr보다 높게 나타났으며, 저위발열량은 연구목표치인 4,000 kcal/kg 보다 다소 높게 나타났다. 다만 저위발열량 측정 기준 함수율이 습량기준으로 약 10%로 추정되는 바 5%로 조절하고, 열분해 열풍온도를 $200^{\circ}C$ 까지 상승시키면 발열량이 훨씬 향상될 것으로 판단된다.

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A Comparison between Various CFD Solvers for Analysis on Thermal Load in Smart Farm(Fluent, Open-FOAM, Blender) (스마트팜 열부하 분석을 위한 CFD 해석 도구 비교)

  • Lee, Jun-Yeob;Oh, Jong-woo;Lee, DongHoon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 2017.04a
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    • pp.170-170
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    • 2017
  • 기후변화 따른 스마트팜 돈사 외부 환경의 변화에 대응하고, 사육 환경을 능동적으로 개선하기 위한 연구가 수행 중이다. 돈사 내 열전달 요소 간 상호 역학성 분석을 위해서 고려해야할 사항은 입기구, 보온 등, 열풍기, 단열제, 위치, 방향, 돈사의 연평균 온도, 습도, 연중 일사량, 가축의 열복사 등 상호 복잡하게 연관되어 있는 물리량이다. 돈사 전체 열손실, 자연발생 에너지량, 강제발생 에너지량, 난방용량 등을 고려한 순간 열부하 산정을 위한 여러 방법 중 우선적으로 CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)를 이용하였다. 순간 열부하 산정을 위한 해석 도구 선정에 있어서 다양한 유체 및 기체 전산 유체역학 Solver(Fluent, Open-FOAM, Blender)를 고려하였다. 공간 Mech를 수행하기 위한 도구로는 공개 소프트웨어 인 FreeFem++ 3.51-4 (http://www.freefem.org)를 이용하였다. 이 과정에서 일부 기체 (암모니아)의 농도를 난수로 변화시키는 기법을 적용하여 가상적으로 돈사의 환경을 Pseudo 시뮬레이션 하였다. 결과적으로 Fluent에 비하여 OpenFOAM을 이용하여 얻은 열유동의 방향(속도)과 크기 백터가 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. Fluent가 시계열 상에서 혼합 기체 물리량 변화를 무시할 수 있는 안정되고 균일한 환경에 적합하기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다. Blender의 경우 Lattice Boltzmann methods 과 Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics 방법을 이용한 유체/입자 동력학 모델링을 제공함에 있어 시각적 효과를 강조하는 기능에 중점을 두었다. Fluent와 Blender에서 제공하는 해석 연산 모듈의 정확성 검증을 위해선 공간 분해능을 높인 정밀 계측 시스템을 이용하여 검증할 필요가 있다. Open-FOAM를 이용한 열부하 분석 수행이 상대적으로 높은 절대값을 보이는 특성은 열부하 제어 시스템의 Overshoot를 유발할 가능성이 있으므로 이에 대한 해석 모델의 보정이 추가적으로 필요할 것이다. CFD의 한계인 시간 복잡도를 낮추고 상대적으로 높은 시계열 분해능을 확보할 경우 돈사 내 환기시스템에 맞는 소요 환기량 실시간 산정이 가능해지고 외부기상 및 돈사내부 복사열을 활용함과 동시에 돈군 순환에 상응하는 실시간 열부하 관리 시스템 도출이 가능할 것이다.

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Development of A Drying Unit of High Moisture Food Wastes (고수분 음식물 건조장치 개발)

  • Jung, Dae Hong;Yoon, Jong Hyun;Choi, Sung Min;Lim, Ki Hyun;Song, Dae Bin
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 2017.04a
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    • pp.117-117
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    • 2017
  • 2012년 국내 총 폐기물(지정폐기물 제외) 발생량은 382,009 톤/일 으로 이 중 12.8%를 차지하는 생활폐기물 중 음식물 채소류폐기물 발생량은 13,209 톤/일 으로 이중 음식물 폐기물은 탈수 후 사료 제조 또는 매립 처리되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고수분 음식물 쓰레기를 재활용한 고형연료 제조에 필요한 건조장치를 개발하고 실험을 통해 그 성능을 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 건조용량 500 kg/hr인 실험실용 열분해장치를 제작하였다. 회사 구내식당 및 창원시에서 수거된 음식물 쓰레기를 실험 원료로 사용하였다. 건조공기 투입 온도에 따른 음식물 쓰레기의 건조 특성을 파악하였다. 음식물 쓰레기 건조실험 결과, 총 건조소요시간은 약 20시간 정도로 나타났으며, 건조속도는 약 2.90 %/hr로 나타났다. 건조시간은 연구 목표치인 1회당 15시간보다 5시간 소요된 것으로 나타났으나 투입 및 배출에 소요되는 예열 및 냉각 시간을 제외하면 약 16시간으로 연구목표치에 근접한 것으로 판단된다. 투입건조공기 온도에 따른 건조시간은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 특히 $155^{\circ}C$에서 21시간으로 나타나 향후 폐열 활용 시 $200^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온의 공기를 사용하지 않아도 건조작업이 가능함을 확인하였다. 건조시간 단축을 위해서는 투입공기의 온도보다는 투입공기와 음식물 쓰레기의 접촉 면적이 큰 영향을 끼치는 것으로 판단된다.

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A Study on Spatial Distributions of Value Chain in Korean Cosmetic Industry (우리나라 화장품산업 가치사슬의 공간적 분포)

  • Gu, Ji-Yeong;Ahn, Young-Jin
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.550-565
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    • 2016
  • The size of Korean and global cosmetic industry market are consistently growing and the domestic cosmetic industry's rate of total production increase is higher than GDP in Korea. In addition, the Korean Wave has strengthened not only this phenomenon but also the increase of exports. For these reasons, the purpose of this paper is to analyze Korean cosmetic industry regarded as a new growth engine. For this study, Porter's Value Chain theory, Mudambi's Smile of Value Creation, Cosmetic GMP by ISO, and the production process on cosmetic industry are used as tools. As a result, Korean cosmetic industry comprises five nodes value chains: R&D, Raw Material Manufacture, Container Manufacture, Cosmetic Manufacture, and Marketing. And then, based on this result, the spatial analysis is conducted to identify spatial distribution characteristics of each node.

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Lipid Oxidation and Browning during Storage of Dried Grasshopper (벼메뚜기 건제품 저장중의 지질산화와 갈변)

  • Lee, Jong-Ho;Kim, Tae-Soo;Choi, Byeong-Dae;Kim, Gyeong-Eup;Lee, Kang-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.294-299
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    • 1987
  • Lipid composition of dried grasshopper which the most significant factor of quality deteriorioration for processing and storage were studied. Also brown pigment formation and its effect of lipid autoxidation were studied. Lipid contents of matured female grasshopper were revealed 5.12% and composed of high content of unsaturated fatty acid. The phospholipid comprised 27.35% of the total lipid. On sun ana hot ai' drying, carbonyl values were greatly increased but peroxide values were not determined. On freeze drying, lipid peroxide and carbonyl compounds in grasshopper lipids were nearly not accumulated. Peroxide values were increased during early stage of storage, but carbonyl values were steadly increased for 98 days. Hydrophilic brown pigments which caused by sugar-amino reaction were higher than that of lipophilic. In the water soluble fraction of the browning products has some autioxidative activity, but in liposoluble fraction has not.

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Low temperature vacuum drying heat transfer characteristics of Korean raw oysters (한국산 굴의 저온진공건조 열전달특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kyung-gun;Song, Chi-sung;Choi, Se-hyun;Lee, Seo-Yeon;Mun, Soo-Beom
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2016
  • Oysters are rich in nutrients with good flavor, and disease prevention is required in both the East and the West for high-quality seafood. The best way to store and transport mass-produced oysters is using dry techniques. Using both hot and frozen drying technologies to obtain a perfectly dried oyster often destroys much of the flavor and nutrients found with the oyster meat. This study uses a low temperature vacuum drying technology to investigate the final weight ratio of wild and farmed dried oysters. Additionally, the heat transfer characteristics of steamed oysters are discussed in this paper.

Changes of Phenolic Compounds Affected by Different Drying Method in Leaves and Stems of Peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) (작약 잎과 줄기의 건조 방법에 따른 Phenol 화합물의 변화)

  • Kim, Se-Jong;Park, Jun-Hong;Choi, Seong-Yong;Kim, Kil-Ung
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.51 no.spc1
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    • pp.251-254
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to identify changes of chemical components affected by different drying method and temperature conditions in leaves and stems of peony plant. Drying methods were the dried air heated $(50^{\circ}C)$, far-red ray $(50^{\circ}C)$, room temperature and oven dry $(50^{\circ}C)$. Drying temperature were 40, 50, 60, 70 and $80^{\circ}C$ on far-red ray dryer. Among the drying methods, the contents of components were the highest in far-red drying and normal temperature drying as compared with air heated drying and oven drying. Among the drying temperature conditions, the contents of components were the highest in drying temperature at $40^{\circ}C$ and decreased in high temperature of $70^{\circ}C\;and\;80^{\circ}C$.

Drying Characteristics of Squids According to Far Infrared and Heated Air Drying Conditions (원적외선과 열풍 건조조건에 따른 오징어의 건조특성)

  • Kang, Tae-Hwann;Hong, Hyun-Gi;Jeon, Hong-Young;Han, Chung-Su
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.109-115
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    • 2011
  • Drying characteristics of squids under two dry conditions were investigated using far infrared and heated air. Dry temperatures of 40, 50 and $60^{\circ}C$ with air speed of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.2 m/s were used for evaluating far infrared squid drying. Heated air squid drying at 40 and $50^{\circ}C$ with air speed of 0.8 m/s was used as a control treatment. The two drying were evaluated in terms of drying rate, color, TBA value, aerobic bacteria, cutting shear, penetration strength, and energy consumption. The drying rate of far infrared drying was relatively faster than that of heated air drying. The drying time of far infrared drying was reduced as the drying temperature increased. The color difference of far infrared dried squids was from 18.81 to 22.85, and heated air dried squid had the color different from 23.94 to 24.09. Far infrared dried squid had relatively smaller TBA values that indicate a level of rancidity. The aerobic bacteria of heated air dried squid increased from $970{\times}10^3$ to $40,000{\times}10^3$ CFU/g before and after drying, respectively. Far infrared dried squid had relatively smaller increase (from $970{\times}10^3$ to $40,000{\times}10^3$ CFU/g). The cutting shear and penetration strength for far infrared dried squids was relatively lower. In addition, far infrared squid drying consumed relatively less energy compared to heated air drying.