• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
• /
• v.53 no.12
• /
• pp.725-731
• /
• 2004

In this study, the three type hybrid interrupters according to the arrangement of the thermal expansion chamber and the puffer cylinder(they are called 'serial type', 'parallel/exchanged type', and 'parallel/separated type' respectively in this work) were designed and manufactured. This paper presents the tested results of the thermal recovery characteristics on the interrupters using a simplified synthetic test facility. The 'serial type' hybrid interrupter which is to obtain more easily the pressure rise for the thermal recovery compared with the others has the best capability in the thermal recovery characteristics. In order to investigate the stress on the operating mechanism, the distortion of the stroke wave in on-load test was examined to the stroke curve in no-load test. The biggest distortion was occurred in the 'parallel/exchanged type' hybrid interrupter. Finally, the small interruption capability on the three type interrupters was estimated by a theoretical form and the 'parallel/separated type' hybrid interrupter has the advantage of the others in the view of structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2002.07a
• /
• pp.288-291
• /
• 2002

Application of metal silicides such as TiSi$_2$ and CoSi$_2$ as contacts and gate electrodes are being studied. However, TiSi$_2$ due to the linewidth-dependance, and CoSi$_2$ due to the excessive Si consumption during silicidation cannot be applied to the deep-submicron MOSFET device. NiSi shows no such problems and can be formed at the low temperature. But, NiSi shows thermal instability. In this investigation, NiSi was formed with a Ti-capping layer to improve the thermal stability. Ni and Ti films were deposited by the thermal evaporator. The samples were then annealed in the N$_2$ ambient at 300-800$^{\circ}C$ in a RTA (rapid thermal annealing) system. Four point probe, FESEM, and AES were used to study the thermal properties of Ti-capped NiSi layers. The Ti-capped NiSi was stable up to 700$^{\circ}C$ for 100 sec. RTA, while the uncapped NiSi layers showed high sheet resistance after 600$^{\circ}C$. The AES results revealed that the Ni diffusion further into the Si substrate was retarded by the capping layer, resulting in the suppression of agglomeration of NiSi films.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.10
• /
• pp.873-877
• /
• 2007

In order to apply a complex multilayer chip LC filter, this study has estimated the interfacial reaction and coupling properties of dielectric materials $Pb(Fe_{1/2}Nb_{1/2})O_3$ and Ni-Zn-Cu ferrite materials through low-temperature co-sintering (LTCS). PFN powders were fabricated using double calcinated at $700^{\circ}C$ and then $850^{\circ}C$. While the perovskite phase rate was found to be 91 %, after heat treatment at $900^{\circ}C$ for 6h, the perovskite phase rate and density exhibited a value of 100 % and 7.46$g/cm^3$, respectively. The PFN/Ni-Zn-Cu ferrite, PFN/CUO (or $Pb_2Fe_2O_5$) and ferrite/CuO (or $Pb_2Fe_2O_5$) were mechanically coupled through interfacial reactions after the specimen was co-sintered at $900^{\circ}C$ for 6 h. No intermediate layer exists for the mutual coupling reaction. This result indicates the possibility of low-temperature co-sintering without any interfacial reaction layer for a multilayer chip LC filter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2003.06a
• /
• pp.426-429
• /
• 2003

In this study, phase transformation characteristics of Nitinol shape memory alloy with 54.5wt%Ni-45.5wt%Ti were investigated by varying with annealing treatment and cutting conditions through DSC(differential scanning calorimetry). Annealing treatment conditions were considered as heat treated time of 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 45 min, heat treated temperature of 40$0^{\circ}C$, 50$0^{\circ}C$, 5$25^{\circ}C$, 55$0^{\circ}C$, 575$^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$, $700^{\circ}C$, 80$0^{\circ}C$, and 90$0^{\circ}C$, and environmental condition of heat treatment under vacuum or air. Cutting conditions were considered as no cutting, one side cutting, and two side cutting. Tensile test was also conducted on Nitinol shape memory alloy to investigate thermomechanical characteristics by varying with annealing heat treatment histories. According to the results, annealing treatment and cutting conditions were found to significantly affect on phase transformation and thermomechanical characteristics of Nitinol shape memory alloy.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.1631-1636
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the phenomena of the thermally-induced vibration for the flexible space structure due to abrupt change of radiation heating circumstance using the numerical analyze and experiment test. In order to verify this structure, numerical approaches on the simplified flexible tube were compared with experimental test results at the ground experimental facility In this analyze, it was found that the thermal deformation occurs firstly due to fast radiation heating of flexible structure and then the thermally-induced vibration would be induced due to small periodic change of temperature. According to comparison of numerical and experimental result, in case of no tip mass, the first mode vibration by the numerical analyze was O.78Hz same as that of the experimental result However in case of increase tip-masses of 8g l6g, 50g and 100g, the first modes vibration theoretical analyze were 1.75Hz, 1.3Hz, 0.87Hz and O.73Hz, in decrease trend respectively and those by experimental test were 234Hz, 1.5Hz, O.78Hz and O.78Hz in decrease trend respectively Although using the simpled equation for the estimation, the estimation results were similar to experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.28.1-28.1
• /
• 2010

다양한 반도체 재료 중 ZnO는 3.2 eV의 넓은 밴드 갭을 통한 고효율의 단파장 전기광학 소자 응용 개발에 대한 연구가 진행중에 있으며, 60 meV의 넓은 엑시톤 결합 에너지로 인해 높은 기계적, 열적 안정성을 가진다. 또한 높은 투과성과 굴절율(n=2)을 가지며 이방성 성장을 통한 텍스처 코팅이 가능함으로 PV(photovoltaics)용 유전체 ARC(anti-reflection coating) 재료로 유망하다. 텍스처된 표면은 빛을 차단시키며, 광대역에서 반사를 억제 시킨다. 또한 나노 구조를 통한 나노 다공성 표면은 광대역에서 빛을 모으는 장점이 있으며 태양전지 효율을 극대화 시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 저온 공정이 가능한 hydrothermal 방법으로 다양한 ZnO 나노 구조를 합성하였다. 사용된 합성 재료로 사용되는 zinc nitrate($Zn(NO_3)_2.6H_2O$), hexamethyltetramine(HMT, $C_6H_{12}N_4$)의 농도 및 합성 온도 변화를 통해 다양한 나노구조(나노선, 나노막대, 나노시트 등)의 형태 및 크기를 제어하였다. 이러한 구조적인 변화를 토대로 텍스처된 다공성 나노구조를 형성시키고, 그 형상과 크기 차이에 따른 AR 특성을 평가하였다. ZnO 나노 구조의 결정학적 특성은 XRD(x-ray diffractometer)를 이용하여 분석하였으며, SEM(scanning electron microscope)을 통해 나노 구조의 모양과 크기를 관찰하였다. 또한 UV-Vis spectrophotometer를 통해 나노 구조의 흡수도와 반사도를 측정하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2012.02a
• /
• pp.379-379
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서는 고품질의 ZnO 박막을 제작하기 위해 사파이어 기판 위에 ZnO 박막을 Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) 법으로 성장하였다. 레이저 에너지 밀도와 펄스주파수를 고정시켰으며, 성장온도와 산소 분압은 각각 $450{\sim}600^{\circ}C$ 및 5~20 sccm으로 변화를 주어 성장 온도와 산소 분압이 박막 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 제작된 박막의 전기적 특성을 측정한 결과 성장온도의 증가에 따라 캐리어 농도는 $9.18{\times}10^{18}cm^{-3}$에서 $3.9{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$까지 감소하였고, 캐리어 이동도는 $0.95cm^2/Vs$에서 $8.47cm^2/Vs$ 까지 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 산소분압의 변화에는 특정 임계조건을 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 이유는 PLD 법 성장 메커니즘에서 플라즈마 플럼(plasma flume) 내에 결합된 ZnO 분자가 기판으로 직접 성장이 이루어지는 과정에서 성장 온도가 증가함에 따라 플럼 내에서 결합 된 ZnO 분자의 열적 안정성이 향상되었으며, 유입되는 산소량의 감소로 인해 원자들의 표면 확산 거리 및 확산 시간이 길어져 보다 안정적인 박막 형성에 기인한 것으로 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2011.08a
• /
• pp.354-354
• /
• 2011

ZnO 나노와이어는 밴드 갭이 3.37 ev로 큰 밴드 갭을 갖는 물질이며 엑시톤 결합에너지가 60 meV로 GaN(25 meV)같은 다른 반도체보다 매우 크다. 또한 밴드갭 에너지가 큰 GaN, SiC와 같은 반도체에 비해서 화학적, 열적 안정성이 크며 낮은 온도에서 성장이 가능하다는 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 pre-heating process를 이용하여 1차원 구조인 ZnO nanowire를 수열합성법으로 합성하였다. 실험방법으로는 E2K glass 기판위에 AZO40 nm를 증착후, 시드층으로 이용하여 ZnO nanowire를 성장하였다. precusor 전구체에는 ZN(NO3)2 ${\cdot}$ 6H2O와 Capping agent으로의 역할을 위해 PEI와 OH-source 공급을 위한 Ammonium chloride를 첨가하여 합성하였고, 그에 따른 ZnO nanowire의 morphology 및 aspect ratio를 조절하고자 하였다. 마지막으로 ZnO 나노와이어의 구조적, 광학적 특성 평가를 하기위해 XRD, FE-SEM, PL 등을 이용하여 측정 하였고, 향후 나노발전기, 태양전지 등 여러 광학기기 등에 전극재료로서 응용 가능성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.33-37
• /
• 2012

An HTS racetrack-type coil without turn-to-turn insulation was characterized by critical current, sudden discharge, and over-current tests with respect to external pressures applied to the straight sections of the coil. The thermal stability of the non-insulated HTS racetrack-type coil was remarkably enhanced with increasing external pressure applied to the straight sections of racetrack-type coil. Furthermore, over-current test results confirmed that the non-insulated HTS racetrack-type coil with increased turn-to-turn thermal contact has the potential to be manufactured into field coils of HTS wind turbine generators with highly enhanced thermal and electrical stabilities.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.307-315
• /
• 2017

Purpose: To develop nano-sized starch particles for application as dietary fiber sources in liquid food system, the morphology and thermal properties of acid hydrolyzed rice starches with different amylose contents were evaluated. Methods: Rice starches purified from three Korean cultivars, including Goami, Hopyeong, and Hwaseonchal, were hydrolyzed with 2.2 N HCl solution in a $35^{\circ}C$ shaking water bath (100 rpm) for 7, 10 and 15 days. Results: Acid hydrolysis rates of rice starches increased with increasing hydrolysis duration, and rates for Goami, Hopyeong, and Hwaseonchal were 28.74-38.50%, 38.96-49.53%, and 40.24-48.88%, respectively. The granular size of acid hydrolyzed starches decreased to 122.4-479.9 nm, whereas granular aggregation increased with increasing hydrolysis duration. In particular, waxy rice starch of Hwaseonchal was composed of many tiny granules without aggregates. Gelatinization temperature and temperature range increased with increasing hydrolysis duration. All starches showed A type crystallinity using an x-ray diffractometer, regardless of acid hydrolysis. Conclusion: It is suggested that nanoparticles could be prepared by acid hydrolysis of rice starches, and waxy rice starch is the most preferred source for application.