• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2014

The high predictive performance of fire detector models is essentially needed to assure the reliability of fire and evacuation modeling in the process of Performance-Based fire safety Design (PBD). The main objective of the present study is to measure input information in order to predictive the accurate activation time of fixed temperature heat detectors adopted in Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) as a representative fire model. To end this, Fire Detector Evaluator (FDE) which could be measured the device properties of detector was used, and the spot-type fixed temperature heat detectors of two thermistor types and one bimetal type were considered as research objectors. Activation temperature and Response Time Index (RTI) of detectors required for the fire modeling were measured, and then the RTI was measured for ceiling jet flow and vertical jet flow in consideration of the install location of detectors. The results of fire modeling using measured device properties were compared and validated with the experimental results of full-scale compartment fires. It was confirmed that, in result, the numerically predicted activation time of detector showed reasonable agreement with the measured activation time.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2015

This study suggested the problems and their improvement measures for the operation of fire detectors and sprinkler heads installed at apartment houses. According to a census on population and housing in 2010, apartment houses account for 71.6% of the total housing facilities. And by fire statistics data of the National Emergency Management Agency, approximately 25.0% of fire accidents and 46.4% of casualties occur at apartment houses every year. Therefore, this study conducted for identifying the causes and characteristics of fire to establish the fire safety improvement measures for apartment houses. And this study was carried out virtual fire simulation at domestic apartment houses. The scenario of the simulation contains a comparative analysis on the operation time of standard sprinkler heads and residential sprinkler heads, heat detectors and smoke detectors. As a result of simulation, it was found that standard sprinkler heads and heat detectors installed at the existing apartment houses should be replaced with residential sprinkler heads and smoke detectors for rapid fire suppression. In addition, sprinkler systems should be considered to be installed for excluded floor at apartment houses. Especially, it is necessary to construct remote inspect systems like advanced countries for efficiency of apartment houses safety management.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.113-117
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• 2007

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 1994

Rate of rise heat detectors that respond to the heat generated in fire plume and alarm when the temperature reaches a specified point, give a great influences to the loss of life and property according to their reaction sensitivity. In this study, simple equations were derived which can be predicted the response time and temperature of the rate of rise heat detector with the results of hot wind tunnel tests and compartment fire experiments.

• Fire Protection Technology
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• s.14
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• pp.18-33
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• 1993

This report is announced about thermal lag of painted heat detectors. Thermal lag is forecast result from painting the part of heat receiving. It is delayed responsive time to assume fire fighting, escape. Test is simulated that heat detector is painted by synthetic resin emulsion paint according to the circumstance of installation. Painting method, number, thick etc is determined by research worker based on the popular idea.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.48-55
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• 2011

This paper presents the failure analysis of the rate of rise spot type heat detectors on artificially accelerated aging. The failures of heat detector turned out by two reasons. The first one is the separation of binder from plastic moulding, resulting in the leakage of air from heat chamber. The second reason is the crack of plastic. The large cracks were maybe created by these reasons, thermal expansion difference, mechanical stress, or growth of microcrack. In the sound detector, the separation and the crack were not occurred or not developed to the critical size. The glass fibers which increase the mechanical strength were added in the binder of detector 2010G. The densities of binder or plastic of each detector were similar. However, the TGA result shows that the thermal characteristics of 2005A and 2005B were not similar.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2013

국내에서 생산되고 있는 화재감지기는 설치 환경, 위치, 전기적 및 기계적인 요인에 따라 그 성능의 신뢰성이 차이를 나타내고 있다. 본 연구는 국내에서 제조되고 있는 국내 화재감지기 성능 신뢰성 제고를 위한 방안을 제시하고자 열감지기, 연기감지기, 불꽃감지기 등의 성능시험 관한 각 기관별 주요 내용과 차이점을 비교 검토하였다. 이를 위해 국가시험기관의 27종, 방재시험연구원 46종류, 국제 표준화기구 36종류를 대상으로 한바 다양한 환경에서 적응하고 신뢰성 향상에 비중이 많았다. 감지기에서 발생하는 비화재보, 감지지연 및 기타 원인 불명등과 시험기준의 상호관계를 확인하는 연구가 선행되어야 한다.

• 방재와보험
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• s.107
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• pp.38-44
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• 2005

기존 화재감지 기술이 점차적으로 발전되어 가고 있지만, 이러한 기존 기술과 다른 자동식 연기감지 방식이 혁신적으로 변화하고 있다. 이런한 혁신기술로 인하여 성장기의 화재를 감지하고 감지기에서 데이터를 분석하고, 화재와 관련된 데이터를 소방관계자에게 전송하는 방법이 계속 변화하고 있다. 기존 화재감지 방식의 예는 여러 가지 감열소자(열감지기), 광전식, 이온화식, 공기흡입형(연기감지기), 자외선.적외선(불꽃감지기)감지 방식이다. 감지기에서 데이터 분석의 형태로 연기농도를 표시하는 방법 등이 있다. 화재조건을 전송하는 방법은 특정한 구성요소(발신기, 감지기 등)의 위치(어드레스), LCD, CRT 그래픽 표시장치에서 많은 발전이 있었다. 이러한 혁신 기술은 화재경보 설비 판매시장, 설치방법, 기술기준의 변화에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 최근 개발된 디지털 비디오 연기감지 방식은 자동화재 감지 방식에 있어서 새롭고 급진적인 변화를 요구하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.43-52
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• 2011

With the rapid development of technology, skyscrapers are widely spread and they are tightly coupled. If fire occurs in a building, it is easily spread to neighboring buildings, resulting in the large number of victims and property damages. To remove fire disasters, the need for early fire detection techniques is increasing. To detect fire, detecting devices for heat, smoke, and flame have been used widely. However, this paper surveys and presents the latest research which focuses on early smoke and flame detection algorithms and systems with camera's input images. In addition, this paper implements and evaluates the performance of these flame and smoke detection algorithms with several types of movies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.514-517
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• 2011

화재감지 및 경보시스템의 설계 목표는 화재발생 초기 단계에서 화재징후를 발견, 피난의 개시를 신속하게 통수하는 것이다. 화재감지기는 다양한 건물 및 환경에 설치되기 때문에 주위 온도 및 가연물의 종류 등 환경적 측면을 심층적으로 고려하지 않으면 적절하게 감지하지 못하는 경우가 발생할 수 있다. 즉, 가연물 종류 등을 고려한 설계에 따라 설치된 화재감지기는 화재시 설계치 대로 조기에 화재를 감지하여 화재 예방 및 화재로 인한 피해를 최소화할 수 있는 것이다. 본 논문은 화재시 조기에 화재를 감지기하여 건축물내 인명피난을 목적으로 설치되는 화재감지기의 응답특성을 분석한 연구이다. 화재감지기의 응답특성을 분석하기 위하여 다양한 가연물을 발생시키고 화재감지기 종류별로 설치한 다음 각 화재감지기의 응답특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 정온식 열감지기는 열방출률이 적은 화재를 조기에 감지하는 것에 적합하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 광전식 연기감지기는 회색 계통의 목재류 화재성상에서 응답특성이 떨어졌고, 동일한 공간에서 화원의 수평거리와 동작시간이 비례한다고 볼 수 없었다.