• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 2009

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a syndrome accompanied with the abnormal secretion or function of insulin, a hormone that plays a vital role in controlling the blood glucose level (BGL). Type land 2 DM are most common form and the prevalence of the latter is recently increasing, The aim of this article was to assess whet her Type 2 DM could act as a predisposing risk factor on the pulpo-periapical pathogenesis. Previous literature on the pathologic changes of blood vessels in DM was thoroughly reviewed. Furthermore, a histopathologic analysis of artificially-induced periapical specimens obtained from Type 2 diabetic and DM-resistant rats was compared. Histopathologic results demonstrate that the size of periapical bone destruction w as larger and the degree of pulpal inflammation was more severe in diabetic rats, indicating that Type 2 D M itself can be a predisposing risk factor that makes the host more susceptible to pulpal infection. The possible reasons may be that in diabetic state the lumen of pulpal blood vessels are thickened by atheromatous deposits, and microcirculation is hindered, The function of polymorphonuclear leukocyte is also impair ed and the migration of immune cells is blocked, leading to increased chance of pulpal infection. Also, lack of collateral circulation of pulpal blood vessels makes the pulp more susceptible to infection. These decrease the regeneration capacity of pulpal cells or tissues, delaying the healing process, Therefore, when restorative treatment is needed in Type 2 DM patients, dentists should minimize irritation to the pulpal tissue un der control of BGL.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.482-488
• /
• 2002

Purpose : We performed this study to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of endoscopic finding of nodular gastritis, CLO and HpKit test for H. pylori infection in children. Methods : Gastroduodenal endoscopy and mucosal biopsy were performed on 212 children who visited our hospital between Jul. 1999 and May 2000 due to abdominal pain. We performed CLO and HpKit test for H. pylori with the time interval of 15, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours. Histological examination of H. pylori was made by H-E or Alcian yellow stain with biopsy specimens. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value of nodular gastritis, CLO and HpKit test were calculated from the analysis of above data. Results : Sensitivity and specificity of 3 hour-CLO test was 68.4% and 100% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of 3 hour-HpKit test was 65.8% and 100% respectively. No significant difference in sensitivity and specificity was found between in 3 hour-CLO and HpKit test(P>0.05). Sensitivity of CLO test increased as time lapsed, but corresponding specificity did not decrease as time lapsed(sensitivity and specificity at 144 hours : 89.5% and 94.8% respectively). However, sensitivity of HpKit test increased as time lapsed, but specificity markedly decreased. Sensitivity and specificity of the nodular gastritis was 78.9% and 93.7% respectively. Conclusion : Both CLO and HpKit test have relatively low sensitivity and specificity for the detection of H. pylori in 3 hours of testing in children. The endoscopic finding of nodular gastritis is another good standard in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.468-472
• /
• 2007

The Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS) is an inherited immunodeficiency caused by a variety of mutations in the gene encoding the WAS protein (WASp). First described in 1937 by Wiskott, the incidence of WAS has so far been estimated at 4 in 106 live births. The Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome is an X-linked condition characterized by 1) an increased tendency to bleed caused by a reduced number of platelets, 2) recurrent bacterial, viral and fungal infections, and 3) eczema of the skin. The purpose of this report is to present cases highlighting the clinical features of the syndrome and the required considerations in the treatment of patients. The report consists of two particular cases: a 2-year-11-month-old boy seen for a routine oral examination prior to his bone marrow transplantation and a 2-year-6-month-old boy with herpes gingivostomatitis and teeth discoloration.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 2013

An 8-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented with a chief complaint of chronic nasal discharge and dyspnea. Physical examination revealed pyohemorrhagic nasal discharge, inspiratory dyspnea and stertor, and an enlarged right mandibular lymph node. Abnormalities of blood works and serum chemistry included mildly increased hematocrit, and globulin concentration. Serologic tests for FeLV and FIV, and a panel of polymerase chain reaction tests for Chlamydophila felis, Feline Calicivirus, Herpesvirus, Bordetella, Mycoplasma felis, and H1N1 influenza was all negative. Only radiographic finding showed increasing soft tissue density in the right nasal cavity and computed tomography disclosed soft tissue/fluid opacification in the right nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, and pharyinx along with slight deviation to the right of the osseous nasal septum. Focal lysis of ventral nasal septum was also suspected in CT scan. Cytological evaluation of fine needle aspirate smears of the enlarged mandibular lymph nodes revealed numerous fungal yeasts having variably thick capsule both extracellularly and intracellularly with low numbers of macrophages. Some yeasts showed narrow based budding, which was a consistent finding with Cryptococcus organisms. Serum protein electrophoresis was a polyclonal consistent with chronic infection and serum was submitted for a fungal serology panel test. In serologic tests Cryptococcus antigen titer was 1 : 32,768. In vitro culture was unsuccessful. Treatment was initiated with administration of fluconazole, clindamycin, and tocopherol. Clinical signs resolved within 3 days after the initial treatment. The cat was discharged and scheduled for periodic evaluation and continued therapy, but was lost to follow-up thereafter.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2007

This study aimed to provide basic information on dental hygienists' practicing the prevention of infections by figuring out their actual conditions in dental clinics. The subjects of the study were the dental hygienists who participated in the continuing medical education of Incheon & Gyeonggi-do association and Seoul city association in October and November 2005 and the self-administered surveys were used for the prevention of infections. The results were as below. 1. In terms of education experiences of infection prevention, those who answered "there were" were 72 persons (42.9%) and those who followed the educational route for infection prevention were "through the in-house education from the hospital" and they were 42 persons (58%), which were highest. 2. In terms of the injury experiences, those who answered "there were" were 147 persons (87.5%) and the number of annual injury out of 147 persons with injury experiences was 7.7 time. For the tools that were damaged, 125 persons (75%) damaged the "explorer," which was highest. 3. For the experiences of being infected with contagious diseases, those who answered "there were" were 6 persons (3.6%) and there were four persons for "hepatitis B", one person for "rubella" and one person for "TB." 4. The questions with high practice scores were as in the following: "2. I wash my hands after conducting medical examinations (1.86 points)," "7. I always close the lid of a shot of Novocain after doing local anesthesia (1.86 points)" and "20. I separate and collect the wastes and give them to those who treat accumulated materials (1.85 points)". Meanwhile, the questions with low practice scores were as below: "16. I change my medical gowns (doctor wears) once a day (0.24 point)" and "I wash my medical gowns every time after examining patients with contagious diseases (0.52 points)." 5. The question with high knowledge was as below: "1. The contagion during the dental treatment is determined by source of infection, infection methods, infection routes and the host that is prone to infection (0.95 point)" and the question with the lowest knowledge was "5. HBV(hepatitis B) is destroyed after adding 95oC of heat for more than 5 minutes (0.27 points)." 6. The question with the highest organization-related factors was "I am always ready to use a mask, gloves, etc. if necessary" (0.89 points)" and the question with the lowest score was "There is a guideline that I can refer when I am exposed to dangerous situations related to the contagion in my workplace (0.33 point)." 7. In terms of the equipment conditions of protectors in medical environments, 168 persons for (disposable) mask (100%), 167 persons for disposable gloves (Latex) (99.4%), which meant that most of them were equipped with them. On the contrary, 108 persons (64.3%) are equipped with the protectors for frontal faces, which is the lowest and 165 persons (98.2%) said that they had autoclave in their disinfecting and sterilizing devices.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 2004

Tuberculous peritonitis is a rare cause of intra-abdominal infection. Although sometimes asymptomatic, most of the patients have fever, weight loss, abdominal pain, and edema. The diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis is difficult and sometimes delayed because of confusion of the disease with other illnesses and the non-specificity of signs and symptoms. Tuberculous peritonitis is examined with ultrasonography and computerized tomogram, but confirmed by biopsy or tuberculosis culture. Ascitic fluid is exudates with a lot of lymphocytes and elevated protein. Tuberculous peritonitis is treated successfully with isoniazid, rifampicin for one year, pyrazinamide for first 2 months and streptomycin for first one month. We experienced one case of tuberculous peritonitis with transudate of ascitic fluid, confirmed by biopsy using colonoscopy, and treated successfully.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.88-94
• /
• 2011

Ranula is a mucosal cyst that occurs in the mouth floor. This is a pseudo cyst caused by mucous retention within the tissue due to the rupture of catheter in the salivary gland. Ranula occurs mainly in a unilateral form and is characterized by painless bluish transparent swelling, with a increasing mass size. If the size is large, it can cause discomfort during swallowing, pronounciation, and mastication, but external swelling and infection is rare. Treatments include observation for spontaneous resolution, simple incision and drainage, marsupialization and excision. Marsupialization done by removing parts of the cyst wall and connecting it to the oral mucosa. It is a conservative procedure and recommended for children. It has advantages such as maintaining outline of oral tissue and less risk of damaging anatomic structure. Recurrence is common, mostly occurring within 4 months after surgery. This case is about a eight-year-old girl with ranula on the right mouth floor. This patient was treated with marsupialization that is one of treatment for ranula, and recurrence was not observed.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.511-513
• /
• 2015

A 12-year-old spayed Pomeranian was presented with a purulent, erythematous mass. The dog also suffered from concurrent hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus. Sporothrix schenckii was isolated through the fungal culture of the mass. Surgical ablation of the mass was performed for the removal of continuous inflammation and fungal infection of deep origin. After histological examination of the mass, severe multifocal pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis were diagnosed. This is the first confirmed case of pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due to Sporothrix schenckii infection in a dog with concurrent hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus. In addition this is the first case report of sporotrichosis in South Korea.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.145-151
• /
• 1994

앞 턱 부위가 짧고 후방으로 위치해 있을 때 턱의 높이를 증가시키고 전방으로 돌출시키는 축조 이부성형술의 방법으로는, 매식체 삽입술, 골 절단술, 골 절제술 또는 이들을 동시에 시행하는 혼합술등이 행해져 왔다. 그러나 매식체 삽입술에서는 감염 또는 매식체의 유동성 등의 합병증의 발병이 빈발하고 매식체의 밑 부위에 골이 흡수된다든지 연조직의 변화를 예측하기 어렵다든지 하는 복잡한 문제점들이 종종 보고되고 있다. 따라서 매식체를 이용하지 않는 골 절단술이나 골 절제술만을 이용한 다양한 방법의 이부성형술이 많이 시행되고 있다. 하악골이 전후방 관계로 발육부전인 환자에게 양측 하악지 시상분할술을 시행하여 전방 이동시킨 후 앞 턱의 위치를 좀더 개선하기 위하여 $Michel{\'{e}}t$ 테크닉의 변형법을 이용한 이부성형술을 추가로 시행하였다. 이 방법의 이부성형술은 턱의 수직적, 수평적 길이를 증가시키기 위하여 하악결합면 부위에 장부와 장붓구멍 모양을 한 골 절단술을 시행하고 광범위한 연조직경을 보존하여 골편으로의 혈류 차단을 최소화하였으며 나사를 이용한 견고한 고정을 용이하게 하였다. 이 술식은 턱을 수직적으로 증가시킬 때 두 골편 사이의 공간에 골 이식을 시행할 필요가 없으며, 금속판을 이용하지 않아도 정확한 위치에 골편을 고정하기가 용이하고, 또한 고정용 나사가 향후 골형성 부위에 위치하게 된다는 장점을 경험하게 되어 이에 한 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.359-362
• /
• 2015

A Korean water deer was rescued after being hit by a motor vehicle. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed a grade III open fracture of the right metacarpus with severe soft tissue injury. The water deer underwent closed reduction of the fracture, which was stabilized by the application of the Ilizarov method of 4-ring circular external skeletal fixation (CESF) as a minimally invasive technique. The water deer was successfully released into the wild. CESF was advantageous for the stabilization of open comminuted fracture and the management of a severely contaminated wound in a Korean water deer. CESF can be used successfully in wild deer with good tolerance and minimal complications.