• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2004

This paper is a study on the recognition of continuous speech and uses a method of speech recognition using syntactic analysis and one-stage DMS/DP. In order to perform the speech recognition, first of all, we make DMS model by section division algorithm and let continuous speech data be recognized through One-stage DMS/DP method using syntactic analysis. Besides the speech recognition experiments of proposed method, we experiment the conventional one-stage DP method under the equivalent environment of data and conditions. From the recognition experiments, it is shown that Ole-stage DMS/DP using syntactic analysis is superior to conventional method.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06c
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• pp.373-377
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• 1994

연속음성 인식 시스템 구성을 위한 HMM WORD SPOTTING 기법을 검토하였다. 실험에 사용한 HMM WORD SPOTTING 기법은 O(n)DP 기법와 OPDP 법이다. 인식시스템은 파라메터로 멜켑스트럼 만을 사용한 경우와 동적 파라메터인 희귀계수를 결합한 경우의 2종류이며, 인식 알고리즘은 O(n)DP 법과 유한상태 오토마타에 의해 구문제어를 실？나 ONE PASS DP 법으로 나눌 수 있다. 또한 인식 단위는 음절과 단어가 혼합된 형태이고 학습은 모두 음절단위로 실시하였으며 연속음성 25문장에 대하여 O(n)DP법과 OPDP법의 인식결과를 비교하여 연속음성 인식에 구문제어 효과를 검증하였다. 실험 결과 평균 인식률이 O(n)DP 의 경우 각각 90.6%, 90.9%, OPDP 의 경우 각각 98.4%, 98.6%로 유한 상태 오토마타에 의한 구문제어를 이용한 평균 7.5%의 인식률이 향상되었다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 1995

This paper is a study on the recognition of continuous digits for the implementation of a voice dialing system, and proposes an method of speech recognition using syntactic analysis and One-Stage DP. In order to perform the speech recognition, first of all, we make DMS model by section division algorithm and let continuous digits data be recognized through the proposed One-Stage DP method using syntactic analysis. In this study, 7 continuous digits of 21 kinds which is pronounced by 8 male speakers two or three times, are used. The speaker dependent and speaker independent recognition are performed with the above data by way of the conventional One-Stage DP and the proposed One-Stage DP using syntactic analysis under the condition of laboratory environment. From the recognition experiments, it is shown that the proposed method was better than the established method. And, the recognition accuracy of speaker dependence and independence by the proposed One-Stage DP using syntactic analysis was about 91.7% and 89.7%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.285-288
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• 2004

온라인 필기체 한자는 동일인의 동일 문자조차도 회수, 획순 및 형태의 변화가 다양할 뿐만 아니라 인식 대상이 방대하여 인식이 매우 어렵다. 또한 한자는 기본 자소의 조합에 의한 글자가 아닌 각각의 글자가 독립적으로 이루어져 있어 연속된 획들 간의 관련도를 파악하기 어렵고 획수도 1획에서 28획까지 다양하게 분포를 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대분류 단계로 시작획 비교를 하고 이어진 세분류 단계에서 문자의 특징으로 방향코드와 특이점을 추출해내고 획수를 고려하여 DP 정합을 하는 2단계 인식 시스템을 제안하였다. 이로써 최적의 속도로 입력한 문자를 찾아낼 수 있도록 하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 1995

In this paper, we report the continuous speech recognition system using the continuous HMM with discrete duration control and the regression coefficients. Also, we do recognition experiment using One Pass DP method(for 25 sentences of robot control commands) with finite state automata context control. In the experiment for 4 connected spoken digits, the recognition rates are $93.8\%$ when the discrete duration control and the regression coefficients are included, and $80.7\%$ when they are not included. In the experiment for 25 sentences of the robot control commands, the recognition rate are $90.9\%$ when FSN is not included and $98.4\%$ when FSN is included.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.398-402
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• 2001

Enzymatic hydrolysis of agar was carried out continuously to produce agarooligosaccharides by immobilized agarase in Packed-Bed Reactor. The reactor was constructed using a acryl tube with an internal diameter of 10 mm and a useful height of 140 mm. The Packed-Bed Reactor was 11 mL reactor volume as its length : diameter ratio was 14 : 1. The operation condition of reaction was performed with an 1 g/L agar concentration at 40$^{\circ}C$, 10 mM MOPS buffer(pH 7.0) and with the flow rate 3 mL∼48 mL/h at a dilution rate of 1.09∼5.45 h$\^$-1/. The hydrolysis products was identified DP6, DP4 and DP2 by HPLC. The conversion rate of agar was about 80% and amount of total agarooligosaccharide was 0.88 mg/mL at Packed-Bed Reactor.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.10-16
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• 1999

In this paper, we have studied Continuous Speech Recognition System of Speaker Adaptation using MAPE (Maximum A Posteriori Probability Estimation) which can adapt any small amount of adaptation speech data. Speaker adaptation is performed by the method of MAPB after Concatenation training which is making sentence unit HMM linked by syllable unit HMM and Viterbi segmentation classifies speech data to be adaptation into segmentation of syllable unit data automatically without hand labelling. For car control speech the recognition rates of adaptation of HMM was 77.18% which is approximately 6% improvement over that of unadapted HMM.(in case of O(n)DP)

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.488-496
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• 2004

This paper describes a music information retrieval system which uses humming as the key for retrieval Humming is an easy way for the user to input a melody. However, there are several problems with humming that degrade the retrieval of information. One problem is a human factor. Sometimes people do not sing accurately, especially if they are inexperienced or unaccompanied. Another problem arises from signal processing. Therefore, a music information retrieval method should be sufficiently robust to surmount various humming errors and signal processing problems. A retrieval system has to extract pitch from the user's humming. However pitch extraction is not perfect. It often captures half or double pitches. even if the extraction algorithms take the continuity of the pitch into account. Considering these problems. we propose a system that takes multiple pitch candidates into account. In addition to the frequencies of the pitch candidates. the confidence measures obtained from their powers are taken into consideration as well. We also propose the use of an algorithm with three dimensions that is an extension of the conventional DP algorithm, so that multiple pitch candidates can be treated. Moreover in the proposed algorithm. DP paths are changed dynamically to take deltaPitches and IOIratios of input and reference notes into account in order to treat notes being split or unified. We carried out an evaluation experiment to compare the proposed system with a conventional system. From the experiment. the proposed method gave better retrieval performance than the conventional system.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.43-49
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• 1996

This research proposes a system for speaker independent Korean continuous speech recognition with 247 DDD area names using keyword spotting technique. The applied recognition algorithm is the Dynamic Programming Neural Network(DPNN) based on the integration of DP and multi-layer perceptron as model that solves time axis distortion and spectral pattern variation in the speech. To improve performance, we classify word model into keyword model and non-keyword model. We make an experiment on postprocessing procedure for the evaluation of system performance. Experiment results are as follows. The recognition rate of the isolated word is 93.45% in speaker dependent case. The recognition rate of the isolated word is 84.05% in speaker independent case. The recognition rate of simple dialogic sentence in keyword spotting experiment is 77.34% as speaker dependent, and 70.63% as speaker independent.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.525-532
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• 2020

A continuous fermentation process was carried out to enhance hyaluronic acid (HA) production using Streptococcus zooepidemicus cells. During the 1st stage continuous operation from 8 h with a dilution rate of 0.029/h (D1), HA was produced in the range of 7.5-10 g/l. During the 2nd stage from 44 h with a dilution rate of 0.036/h (D2), HA production (8.28 g/l) was initially reduced to a small extent due to increase of dilution rate from D1 to D2, and then a new pseudo-steady state was formed within a few hours with a concurrent small variations of HA production. The HA amount produced during the latter part of the 2nd stage was stably maintained in the range of 8.28-9.48 g/l, about 4.7% less amount compared to the 1st stage. Due to 24% increase of dilution rate from D1 to D2, however, maximum volumetric productivity (DP) amounting to 0.341 g/l/h was obtained at 96 h during the 2nd stage. This maximum productivity obtained from the continuous culture turned out only a small increase (3%) as compared to the corresponding batch fermentation. However, it should be noted that, in the case of batch process, one run typically consists of serial stages of growth culture plus one final production culture. This implies that, if the continuous fermentation that practically needs no dead time necessary for the multi-stage growth cultures is run for longer period, the total amount of the accumulated HA would be far greater than the amount obtained from the corresponding batch culture performed for the identical period.