• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2003

In rocket systems, somtimes special devices or equipments are installed near the nozzle exit area where high temperature and pressure combustion gas flows. To pretect these subsystems from severe thermal environment, it is necessary to have accurate thermal data measured from the experimental liquid rocket firing test. Test variables were combustion pressure (200, 300, 400 psi) and mixture ratio (1.5, 2.0, 2.5) and quartz was used as a heat probe. Measurement technique used in this research can be also applied to measure the radiative heat flux inside the combustion chamber which is important imput data for the liquid rocket regenerative cooling system design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2020

Using kerosene and liquid oxygen, 1.5-tonf class liquid-liquid pintle injector with rectangular two-row orifice was designed and manufactured. The combustion test of the pintle injector was carried out to verify the combustion performance and combustion stability under a supercritical condition which is the actual operation condition of the liquid rocket engine. The combustion test result showed that the pintle tip was damaged by the high temperature combustion gas in the high-mixed ratio recirculation zone of the combustion chamber. To solve this problem, the insert nozzle was installed in the pintle injector to increase cooling performance at the pintle tip. As a result of the hot firing test, installation of the insert nozzle, AR and BF had a great effect on pintle tip cooling performance.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 1996

The in-reactor fuel rod support conditions against the fretting wear-induced damage can be evaluated by residual spacer grid spring deflection or rod-to-grid gap. In order to evaluate the impact of fuel design parameters on the fretting wear-induced damage, a simulation methodology of the in-reactor fuel rod supporting conditions as a function of burnup has been developed and implemented in the GRIDFORCE program. The simulation methodology takes into account cladding creep rate, initial spring deflection, initial spring force, and spring force relaxation rate as the key fuel design parameters affecting the in-reactor fuel rod supporting conditions. Based on the parametric studies on these key parameters, it is found that the initial spring deflection, the spring force relaxation rate and cladding creepdown rate are in the order of the impact on the in-reactor fuel rod supporting conditions. Application of this simulation methodology to the fretting wear-induced failure experienced in a commercial plant indicates that this methodology can be utilized as an effective tool in evaluating the capability of newly developed cladding materials and/or new spacer grid designs against the fretting wear-induced damage.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2013

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of the injection timing on the spray and combustion characteristics in a spray-guided direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engine under lean stratified operation. An in-cylinder pressure analysis, exhaust emissions measurement, and visualization of the spray and combustion were employed in this study. The combustion in a stratified DISI engine was found to have both lean premixed and diffusion controlled flame combustion characteristics. The injection timing condition corresponding to the stratified mixture characteristics was verified to be a dominant factor for these flame characteristics. For the early injection timing, a non-luminous blue flame and low combustion efficiency were observed as a result of the lean homogeneous mixture formation. On the other hand, a luminous sooting flame was shown at the late injection timing because of an under-mixed mixture formation. In addition, the smoke emission and incomplete combustion products were increased at the late injection timing as a result of the increased locally rich area. On the other hand, the NOx emissions decreased and IMEP increased as the injection timing retarded. The combustion phasing produced by the injection timing was verified as the reason for this observation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.49-53
• /
• 2009

The paper presents the results of the experimental study about flow discharge characteristics of double swirl coaxial injectors for a liquid rocket engine. Flow discharge characteristics of injectors become one of critical design issues for LRE combustion devices. Tap water and liquid oxygen/kerosene were used for ambient and hot firing tests, respectively. A combustion discharge coefficient varies depending on a mixture ratio and a recess ratio, and magnitudes of the variations are different with respect to injector shapes and operating conditions. The variation of a combustion discharge coefficient with a LOx injector is considered to result from flame structure changes due to physical property changes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.254-257
• /
• 2010

Acoustic design parameters of a Helmholtz resonator are studied experimentally and numerically for acoustic stability in a model acoustic tube. Acoustic damping is quantified by the amplitude of the fluid velocity in mass-spring-damper system. The length of an orifice, the volume of a cavity, and the diameters of an orifice and a cavity in the resonator are selected as design parameters for tuning of the resonator. It is found that acoustic damping capacity is increased by shorter orifice and longer cavity in the resonator. As the ratio of the orifice diameter to the cavity diameter increases in the resonator, the damping capacity decreases.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.324-330
• /
• 1995

석탄 연소로에 사용 적합한 석탄의 선정 및 조업조건의 설정에 도움을 주고, 석탁회분의 슬래깅 성향을 파악하기 위해서 갈탄부터 역청탄에 이르는 4종의 시료를 사용하여 산화성 분위기에서 고온 회전 점도계를 사용하여 석탄회분 슬래그의 점도를 온도의 함수로서 측정하였다. 또한 석탄회분의 슬래깅 성향을 해석하기 위해서, 석탄회분 조성을 사용한 Base/Acid Ratio, Lignite Factor 및 Silica Ratio 등의 주요한 인자들이 슬래그 점도에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.37 no.12
• /
• pp.1079-1089
• /
• 2013

The flow characteristics in a solid particle incinerator are investigated numerically for high burning rate of wastes. The studied incinerator employs both a swirl flow used in the furnace of powerplants and a design concept applied to a rocket combustor. As the first step, the non-reactive flow field is analyzed in the incinerator with primary and secondary injectors through which solid fuel and air are injected. The deflection angle of a primary injector, inclination angle of a secondary injector, and gap between the two types of injectors are selected as design parameters. The swirl number is adopted for evaluating the degree of swirl flow and estimated over wide ranges of three parameters. The swirl number increases with deflection angle, but it is affected little by inclination angle. Recirculation zones are formed near the injectors, and their size affects the swirl number. The swirl number decreases with the zonal size of recirculation. From the numerical results, the design points can be found with strong swirl flow.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 2009

Life time and number of use of liquid propellant rocket engine (LRE) should be carefully defined since those are crucial parameters affecting development costs and period. The present study surveyed the development and qualification records of LRE for space launch vehicles, especially concerning about test numbers and duration. It was shown that a single engine for expendable launch vehicle is tested with tens of ignition and several times duration of flight at least.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.85-94
• /
• 2004

Experimental study on combustion characteristics of double swirl coaxial injectors has been conducted for the assessment of critical injector design parameters. A reusable, unielement thrust chamber has been fabricated with a water-cooled copper nozzle. Two principal design parameters. a swirl angle and a recess length, have been investigated through hot firing tests for the understanding of their effects on high pressure combustion. Clearly, both parameters considerably affect the combustion efficiency, dynamics and hydraulic characteristics of an injector. Internal mixing of propellants in a recess region increases combustion efficiency along with the increase of a pressure drop required for flowing the same amount of mass flow rates. It is concluded that pressure buildup due to flame can be released by the increase of LOx flow axial momentum or the reduction of a recess length. Dynamic pressure measurements of the thrust chamber show varied dynamic behaviors depending on injector configurations.