• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.16-22
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• 1996

Age and growth of Epinephelus akaara were determined using samples collected from the south western sea of Korea. Thin - sectioned otoliths showed relatively well defined annuli when examined under dark - field microscope. Because the fish do not feed at the temperature under $10^{\circ}C$, the annuli in otoliths are considered to be formed during the period between December and April. Considering that the peak spawning season is July, the first annulus must have been formed in 0.5 year after birth. The oldest fish examined was 9 years old, and the largest one was 47cm. The body length(L, cm) was linearly related to the otolith radius (R, ${\mu}m$) : L= - 2.84+7.01 R. Back-calculated lengths for each age using the relationship between body and otolith size were well adjusted to the Von Bertalanffy growth curve : $L_t$=55.5[1-exp{-0.162(t+0.128)}]. Using relationship between length and weight ($W_t$=0.00608$L^{3.21}$), growth in weight was expressed by Wt=2409(1-exp{-0.162(t+0.128)}]$^{3.21}$.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.177-186
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• 2008

This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between major climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) and tree ring growth of Pinus densiflora in 28 cities and counties in Korea. To examine tree ring growth of Pinus densiflora and the response of the climatic factors to climate change, the regional climatic data (for how many years??) from weather stations were categorized by five groups using cluster analysis for major climatic factors. In terms of relationship between monthly average temperature and tree ring growth of Pinus densiflora, negative correlations were observed for the temperatures in March of the present year in Baekdudaegan region and those in February and March in Gyeongbuk and East coast region. In addition, the temperature in October of the previous year was also negatively correlated with tree ring growth. Precipitation was positively correlated with the April and June temperatures of the present year in Baekdudaegan region and Gyeongbuk, respectively. Precipitation effect on the tree ring growth with current year June in Honam and Gyeongnam inland region and June, September in East coast region.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.290-300
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• 2014

In this study, cross-laminated woods were made with spruce wood and the effects of annual ring angles of perpendicular direction laminae on static bending strength performance were investigated. Static bending strength performances of parallel laminated woods with all layers composed of laminae perpendicular to the grain ($P_{\bot}$ type) were in the order of $90^{\circ}$ > $0^{\circ}$ > $45^{\circ}$. The MOE and MOR for the $45^{\circ}$ annual ring angle were 0.0989 GPa and 3.25 MPa, and it showed the lowest values. By placing longitudinal-direction laminae in the core of $P_{\bot}$ type, the strength performances were markedly improved. In the case of cross-laminated woods with perpendicular-direction laminae in the faces ($C_{\bot}$ type), the bending strength performances were in the order of $90^{\circ}$ > $0^{\circ}$ > $45^{\circ}$, but the differences among annual ring angles were less than those of the parallel-laminated woods. In the case of cross-laminated woods with perpendicular-direction laminae in the core ($C_{\parallel}$ type), the bending strength performances were in the order of $45^{\circ}$ > $90^{\circ}$ > $0^{\circ}$ unlike $P_{\bot}$ type and $C_{\bot}$ type. The MOE and MOR for the $45^{\circ}$ annual ring angle were 12.0 GPa and 55.8 MPa, and it showed the highest values.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.33-35
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• 2007

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.111-113
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• 2005

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2005

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.98-100
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• 2005

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.232
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• pp.12-12
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• 1998

최근의 신생출판사들은 비록 출판 연륜은 짧지만 누구보다 실무감각과 시대의식을 투철히 닦아온 편집기획자들의 회심의 응결체다.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.134
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• pp.110-113
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• 2004

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.252-267
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• 2001

계룡산국립공원 동학사-남매탑구간의 산림군집구조를 분석하기 위하여 64개 조사구를 설정하고 식생구조를 실시하였다. Classification의 기법 중 하나인 TWINSPAN을 이용하여 군집분리를 시도하였으며, 그 결과 소나무 군집(I), 굴참나무-소나무군집(II), 서어나무-굴참나무군집(III), 굴참나무-졸참나무군집(IV), 서어나무-까지박달군집(V), 신갈나무-서어나무군집(VI), 느티나무-졸참나무군집(VII) 그리고 느티나무군집(VIII)의 8개로 분리되었다. 연륜분석결과 이지역의 임령은 약 60년 안팍이었으며, 단위면적(100$\m^2$)당 평균출현종수는 15.0$\pm$3.2종. 평균출현개체수는 95.7$\pm$37.3주었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 계룡산국립공원이 동학사-남매탑구간 지역은 소나무림에서 굴참나무, 졸참나무, 신갈나무림을 거쳐 서어나무, 까지박달림으로 천이가 진행될것으로 예상되었다.