• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.155-174
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrient intake and dietary diversity score (DDS) on osteoporosis after controlling for sex, age, socioeconomic level, drinking, smoking, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) as mediators using the 2015-2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Methods: This study was focused on the age group of 50s and older by using the 2015-2017 KNHANES data. Subjects diagnosed with osteoporosis were classified as the osteoporosis group, and the other subjects were classified as the normal group. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between nutrient intake and DDS after controlling for mediators. Results: The risk of osteoporosis was 2.38 times lower in the 50-65 age group than in the 75 years and older group. The mediators affecting the incidence of osteoporosis by age group were sex, age, household income level, and education level in the 50-64 age group; sex, education level, drinking, and BMI in the 65-74 age group; and sex, age, current smoking, drinking, BMI, and energy intake in the 75 years and older group. The effect of nutrient intake on osteoporosis, with the exception of vitamin B1, was fully mediated by these mediators. The effect of vitamin B1 was partially mediated by mediators in the age group of 65-74 years, and vitamin B1 was effective for preventing the risk of osteoporosis by 25% when consumed over EAR. The effect of DDS was partially mediated in the age group of 75 years and older, and DDS of 2 or less increased the risk of osteoporosis by 2.59 times. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it is necessary to recommend the balanced intake of various foods including grains, meat·fish·legumes, vegetables, fruits, and dairy products as dietary guidelines for the prevention of osteoporosis and promotion of bone health in the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.238-244
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• 2011

목적: 이 연구의 목적은 성인의 연령군별 측정자세 변화에 따른 혈압의 변화 정도를 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 방법: 이 연구는 탐색적 조사연구로서 연구대상자는 20세에서 59세까지 성인 136명을 대상으로 만성질병이 없고 연구 목적과 연구방법에 대한 설명을 듣고 연구 참여에 동의한 자를 대상으로 하였다. 수집된 자료는 연령군을 나누어 앙와위, 좌위, 직립위에서 혈압의 차이를 paired t-test로 분석하였으며, 연령군에 따라 운동여부와 건강상태에 차이가 있었으므로 연령과 측정자세에 따른 혈압 변화의 상호작용을 확인하기 위해 repeated measure ANCOVA를 실시하였다. 결과: 초기 성인군(20대와 30대)에서는 자세의 변화에 따른 수축기 및 이완기 혈압의 변화가 없었으나40대와 50대에서는 수축기 혈압에서 앙와위에 비해 좌위(p=.007, p<.001)와 직립위(p<.001, p=.001)에서 유의한 감소가 있었다. 수축기(p=.004)와 이완기(p=.019) 모두에서 연령과 측정자세에 따른 혈압 변화에 유의한 상호작용이 있어 연령군에 따라 자세로 인한 혈압의 변화에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 40세 이후에는 혈압측정시에 자세를 기록하는 것이 중요하며 중년기 이후 자세의 변화에 따른 혈역동의 변화에 특별한 주의를 기울일 필요성이 있다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2012

Purpose: We conducted the immunoassay of pertussis according to ages, in order to evaluate protective immunity against pertussis in Korean populations. Methods: Healthy subjects were enrolled at four university hospitals in Korea. The subjects were grouped as seven age groups (every 10 years). Antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) in sera were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of antibodies and the ratios of the subjects with seroprotective antibody levels were determined. The subjects with antibody titers ${\geq}24.0EU/mL$ were considered to seroprotective as the manufacturer's protocol. Results: Total 1,605 subjects (age: 2 months-65 years) participated in this study, and their GMC was $56.16{\pm}50.54EU/mL$. Among seven age groups, age group <11 year showed the highest GMC ($64.78{\pm}53.24EU/mL$) (P<0.001). In the analysis of the ratios of the subjects with seroprotective antibody titers, 68.2% of the subjects were proven to seroprotective, and age group <11 year also showed the highest ratio (76.5%) (P<0.001). Conclusions: We found that adolescences or adults (age group ${\geq}11$ year) showed lower levels of antibody against pertussis and lower ratio of the subjects with seroprotective antibody titers than children (age group <11 year).

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2010

Purpose : We aimed to investigate the clinical and phylogenetic characteristics of Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infections (E. coli UTI). Methods : We enrolled patients with culture-proven E. coli UTI, who were admitted at the study hospital from September 2008 to August 2009. We investigated clinical data of patients with E. coli UTI and characteristics of isolated E. coli strains. The phylogenetic groups were classified using triplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the distribution of nine virulent genes was determined by multiplex PCR. Results : A total of 47 patients have participated in this study. Thirty (63.8%) were under 6 months; eight (17.0%) were between 6-12 months; and nine (19.1%) were over 12 months. We compared two age groups between under 6-month and over 6-month. In the age group under 6-month, higher proportion of male (P =0.002) and group B2 strains (P =0.020) were observed. In contrast, higher proportion of female and group non-B2 strains were observed in age group over 6-month. Frequencies of papC, papGII, papGIII, sfa/foc, hlyC, cnf1, fyuA, iroN and iucC were estimated as 68.1%, 57.4%, 42.6%, 46.8%, 46.8%, 31.9%, 87.2%, 48.9% and 63.8%, respectively. In the comparison of phylogenetic groups, group B2 showed higher distribution of virulent genes, while group D included more strains resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) than other groups. Conclusion : We showed the age group-specific difference in the distribution of sex ratios and phylogenetic groups; more male and group B2 strains in age group under 6-month, while more female and group non-B2 in age group over 6-month. However, further evaluation including larger number of patients will be necessary to confirm above thesis in future molecular epidemiological studies.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.269-277
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to estimate occlusal tooth wear and bruxism severity in TMD patients, and evaluate the effectiveness of the present age estimation method by occlusal tooth wear in TMD patients. Takei's age estimation method was applied to 163 subjects(56 controls, 107 TMD patients). The author analyzed the degree of occlusal tooth wear from the difference between estimated age and actual age. The obtained results were as follows: 1. In all age group, occlusal tooth wear in TMD patients is higher than those in asymptomatic controls. In 20's age group, a statistically significant difference was found. 2. In both gender, occlusal tooth wear in TMD patients is higher than those in asymptomatic control. In male, a significant difference was found. 3. Occlusal tooth wear in TMD patients with bruxism is significantly higher than that in control. 4. We found no significant difference in bruxism severity and occlusal tooth wear among the RDC/TMD subgroups. 5. Application of Takei's method would be still useful for age estimation in Korean. In case of age estimation of TMD patients using occlusal tooth wear, evaluation of the bruxism severity and appropriate correction according to age, sex and difference of geographical location should be considered.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 1991

Food habits of Sand eel, Ammodytes Personatus, in the costal waters, Shinsudo, Samchunpo, was studied from March to May, 1988. Main food item was Calanus sinicus. Although food diversity increased with age, evenness decreased with age. Importance indices of food items of Paracalanus Parvus and Corycaeus latus were high in younger age. But that of sagitta crassa and Gammaridae were high in older age. As while, that of Ca. sinicus was very high in every age. Food items of A. personatus were equal to all groups except 0.5 month group because it had the complete digestive tract after 1.5 month group.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.284-291
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• 2005

Purpose : Flow cytometric automated reticulocyte analysis is a superior method to manual reticulocyte counting, with respect to precision and sensitivity. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis is able to measure immature reticulocyte fraction(IRF) and reticulocyte cellular indices(RCI : cell hemoglobin content : CHr, mean cell volume : MCVr, cell hemoglobin concentration mean : CHCMr, distribytion width : RDWr, HDWr, CHDWr). In this study, we investigated the mean values and clinical significances of IRF and RCI in healthy children and pediatric anemia patients. Methods : IRF and RCI were measured with an automated blood cell analyzer, ADVIA 120(Bayer, USA) using oxazine 750 dye, in 57 healthy children and 61 children with anemia. The anemia group consisted of 27 iron deficiency anemia(IDA) patients and 34 patients with anemia associated with acute infection(AAI). We compared the mean values of IRF and RCI in the control group classified according to age, between anemia groups and the control group, and between the IDA group and the AAI group. Results : For the normal control group, the mean values of IRF, CHr, MCVr and HDWr were higher in neonates when compared to older children. The mean values of IRF and RDWr were significantly higher, and the mean values of CHr and CHCMr were significantly lower in the IDA group when compared to the control group. The mean value of IRF was significantly higher, and the mean value of CHDWr was significantly lower in the AAI group when compared to the control group. The mean values of IRF, CHr and CHCMr were significantly lower in the IDA group when compared to the AAI group. Conclusion : We could determine the normal mean values of IRF and RCI in healthy children classified according to age for understanding of hematopoietic response differences according to age. The evaluation of IRF and RCI by automated reticulocyte analyzer seemed to be accurate and clinically useful for the early diagnosis of anemia and the differentiation of IDA from AAI.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 1988

In clinical practice, creatinine clearance(Ccr) remains the most commonly used laboratory assessment of glomerular function despite methodological and technical problems of urine collection. Schwartz et al. in 1976, reported that an accurate estimate of glomerular filtration rate(GFR) could be obtained from the simple determinations of plasma creatinine(Pcr) and body length(L) : GFR($m{\ell}/min/1.73m^2$=k L(cm)/Pcr(mg/$100m{\ell}$), (k=constant). The subject of this study were ill children admitted to our pediatric department from July, 1985 to June, 1987 and they were divided into three groups; group I, from 1 to 5 years old, group II, from 6 to 10 years old, group III. from 11 to 15 years old. The results were as following ; 1) Measured creatinine clearance($Ccr_M$, $m{\ell}/min/1.73m^2$) were $109.73{\pm}9.97$ in group I, $108.26{\pm}9.02$ in group II, $96.20{\pm}4.72$ in group III and $105.48{\pm}5.23$ in all age group. 2) Measured k($k_M$) obtained from $Ccr_M=k$ Ht/Pcr were $0.49{\pm}0.03$ in group I, $0.48{\pm}0.02$ in group II, $0.43{\pm}0.02$ in group III, and $0.47{\pm}0.02$ in all age group.(Ht ; height) 3) Linear equations and correlation coefficients between Ht/Pcr(x) and Ccr(y) were y=0.822x-65.63(r=0.99) in group I, y=0.61x-23.46(r=0.72) in group II, y=0.18x+54.44(r=0.54) in group III and y=0.58x-22.13(r=0.81) in all age group. 4) $Ccr_E$ was again estiamted from linear equations between Ht/Pcr and $Ccr_M$ and $k_E$ was calculated with Ht/Pcr and $Ccr_E$ were $0.48{\pm}0.01$ in group I, $0.49{\pm}0.01$in group II, $0.43{\pm}0.01$ in group III and $0.47{\pm}0.00$ in all age group. 5) Consistant values of $k_E$ and $k_M$ were highly significant as 95~97.5% in group I and II, 90~95% in group III and 97.5~99% in all age group. In summary, we could estimate GFR with height, plasma creatinine and measured k($k_M$) according to the age in easy and rapid way.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.115.1-115.1
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• 1990

J시의 유배우 가임여성을 대상으로 인구와 사회특성 및 자녀수와 성선호 태도를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 조사대상자의 연령구성은 $20\sim29$세가 53.17%, $30\sim39$세가 37.04%, $40\sim49$세는 9.26%로 $20\sim29$세군이 가장 많았다. 2. 조사대상자의 학력은 중졸이하가 74.01% 직업은 대부분 무직과 주부였고 종교는 불교가 45.37% 그 외 42.59%가 종교를 갖지 않았다. 3. 연령별 원하는 자녀수의 성선호 및 선호태도는 연령에 관계없이 모두 높게 나타났으며 특히 $40\sim49$세 군은 높은 남아선호태도를 보였다. 4. 연령별 학력과 자녀수선호태도에서 $20\sim29$세군에서 영향미치는 것으로 나타나고 종교와 직업의 자녀수선호태도에 영향을 미치는 군은 $40\sim49$세군에서였다. 5. 연령별 원하는 자녀수 및 성의 선호태도간의 비교에서는 전체 연령군에서 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2005

Purpose : Hepatitis A viral infections have been continued after re-emerging since mid 1990s in Korea. The incidence of this disease has been increased in young adults younger than 30 years of age since 2000. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A in Korea(two regions; Incheon and Changwon) in 2005, and was compared with the results of similar studies in mid 1990s. Methods : The study was conducted from January 2005 to June 2005, and consisted of 1,301 enrolled subjects, neonates to 50 years old, living in Incheon and Changwon in Korea. All sera were frozen and stored at $-70^{\circ}C$ until assayed. Anti-HAV IgG antibodies were measured by microparticle enzyme immunoassay(HAVAB, Abbott Lab., IL, USA). Results : The prevalence of anti-HAV IgG was 61.1% in infants younger than 1 year old, 30.5% in 1~5 years, 14.6% in 6~10 years, 1.7% in 11~15 years, 6.5% in 16~20 years, 36.6%in 21~30 years, 77.5% in 31~40 years, and 99.8% in 41~50 years. Statistical differences were not found between male and female, but there was statistical difference in 6~10 years old age group between the two areas. Conclusion : Our study indicate that the prevalence of antihepatitis A virus antibody has shifted from children to old adolescents and young adults. This result suggests that the risk of sudden outbreaks or increasing incidence of hepatitis A viral infections in young adults may be expected in our society. The preventive strategies of hepatitis A including vaccination should be prepared.