• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.117-147
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• 2001

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze sex and age composition of the 1994 North Korean census data. First this paper describes the background information concerning the first population census ever taken in North Korea since the separation of the North and South. It utilizes the available data to explain the trend and current population status of North Korea. The focus of this research is to point out and analyze the problems in the sex and age composition of the North Korean census data. One of the most striking characteristics of the census data is that an enormous portion of the young male population was excluded from the census counts. Such omissions are strongly suggested by a incredible drop in sex ratios for the age groups of 16 to 25. In addition, the total sum of the population by age groups turns out to be substantially smaller than the total sum of the population by geographical regions. The total discrepancy amounts to 691 thousand. Along with sex ratios and age ratios, Myers indices, UN age-sex accuracy indices, indices of relative difference, and indices of dissimilarity are calculated to analyze the characteristics and accuracy of sex and age composition in the North Korean census data. Finally, this paper readjusts the sex and age composition of the 1994 census data, and attempts to produce a more accurate population of North Korea.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 1997

The purpose of this research seeks to analyze the spatial variations in the sex age structure which have been shown to exist within the study atrea, the Kyonggi province in Korea. In this study it is desired to use the Age Structure Index developed by Coulson in order to describe thi sex age structure of each of 186 tracts that comprise the tracted portion of the Kyonggi province. The mechanics of computing the Age Structure Index are found in the equation describing a linear least squares trend line: y=a+bx. For each census tract, the percentage of the population in each age group(y) was plotted against the middle age of each age group(x). The a is a constant representing the value of y, when x equals zero. The b is the regression coefficient and is a measure of the angle of the slope of the least squares trend line. Thus the value of b is the Age Structure Index for each census tract. The major results of this investigation can be summarized as follows: The spatial distributions of sex age structures in the Kyonggi province are far from random. They have exhibited great regularity with the yonger sex age structures near Seoul and a sharp decline to the older sex age structures out in all derections towards rural region. The results of this investigation should have important general significance for the study of the Kyonggi province Age Structure Index is a flexible, operational definition shich allows sex age structure to be measured, mapped, and incorporated in a wide variety of methods of statistical analysis. Futurer, it has been demonstrated that sex age structure varies spatially within Seoul metropolitan finge and that this variation is relagfed to many other attributes of the population. Especially, Age Structure Index is strongly related to the variables-rate of population growth rate. density, rate of numbers of manufacturing, land price. At the same time, considerably more research is needed before a genmeral body of knowlege concerning sex age structure can be developed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.127-133
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• 2001

본 연구는 향에 대한 연령별 감성 구조를 밝히고, 향 감성에 따른 자율신경계 반응을 밝히려는 것이다. 실험 참여자는 연령별(10대, 20대, 40대)로 24명씩, 총 72명이고 자극향은 cederwood, grapegruit, teebaum, peppermint, rose 향을 사용하였다. 향이 제시되는 동안 혈류량, 피부온도, 피부전기반응, 심전도 반응을 측정하였고, 향에 대한 주관적 감성을 측정하였다. 향에 의한 심리적 감성 구조는 심미성, 강도, 자연성, 개성성, 낭만성의 다섯 요인이 확인되었고, 연령별로 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 향 선호도를 예측하는 감성요인은 연령별로 차이가 났다. 감성적으로 "나쁜"향은 "좋은"향보다 교감신경계 활동에 의한 자율신경계 반응이 더 크게 일어났다.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.193-207
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• 1998

이 연구의 목적은 아동의 연령과 성에 따른 아동의 역량지각 발달의 경향을 조사하고, 연령, 성을 포함한 가정환경과 또래 환경의 변수들의 역량지각에 미치는 영향을 구조평형 모델을 통해 알아 보았다. 또한, 이러한 역량지각의 발달 성향을 서구 문화권과 비교하여, 역량지각발달의 문화적 보편성이나 차이점을 알아 보고자 하였다. 유아, 또는 초등학교 저학년 아동은 면접으로, 그리고 3학년이상은 설문지를 사용하였다. 조사 대상은 유아, 초등학교 1, 3, 5학년, 중학교 1학년 아동 750명과 그들의 어머니이다. 인지, 사회, 신체 영역에서 모두 역량지각은 연령이 증가할수록 낮아졌다. 인지, 신체 영역의 역량지각에선 연령과 성의 상호작용효과가 나타났다. 그러나, 서구 문화권의 연구에서는 이러한 상호작용이 발견되지 않는다. 역량지각의 공변량구조모형에서는 또래환경 변수가 모두 포함시키기에 부적합한 변수로 나타났고, 연령, 성과 가족의 수입, 아버지의 교육수준, 가정의 물리적 환경, 부모의 정서적 지지가 아동의 역량지각에 의미 있게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.590-609
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• 2010

The purpose of the study is to propose and evaluate Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA) methods for examining age-specific population migration characteristics. First, population migration pyramid which is a pyramid-shaped graph designed with in-migration, out-migration, and net migration by age (or age group), was developed as a tool exploring age-specific migration propensities and structures. Second, various spatial statistics techniques based on local indicators of spatial association(LISA) such as Local Moran''s $I_i$, Getis-Ord ${G_i}^*$, and AMOEBA were suggested as ways to detect spatial dusters of age-specific net migration rate. These ESDA techniques were applied to age-specific population migration of Daegu Metropolitan City. Application results demonstrated that suggested ESDA methods can effectively detect new information and patterns such as contribution of age-specific migration propensities to population changes in a given region, relationship among different age groups, hot and cold spot of age-specific net migration rate, and similarity between age-specific spatial clusters.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2001

This study was conducted to identify the structure of the sensibility and autonomic nervous responses to odor by ages. 72 participants, 24 each in their teens, twenties, and thirties were given odor stimuli, cederwood, grapefruit, teebaum, peppermint, rose. During the presentation of stimuli, participant were measured blood flow, skin temperature, skin conductance, and ECG and subjective emotion to each odor were evaluated, Five factors, aesthetic, intensity, naturality, uniqueness, and romantism were identified but there were no differences by ages. Emotional factors that predict the preference to certain odors turned out partly different by ages. However, odors that made participants feel sick created more autonomic nervous response than odors that made them feel good.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.64-73
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• 2021

We examined the growth and age structure for chub mackerel caught by a large purseseine in the Korean waters from January to December 2015. A total of 459 specimens were used for otolith analysis, ranging from 19.6 cm to 46.0 cm in fork length. Translucent zone was regarded as an annual mark, and age was counted using the information of the number of translucent zone, capture date, edge type of the otolith and nominal birthdate of 1 January. Annuli in otoliths were mainly formed in May, coinciding with the spawning season. Estimated ages were 0~6 years, and the von Bertalanffy growth models were not significantly different between male and female. Sex-combined growth model was obtained as FL_t=39.3×{1-exp[-0.90×(t+0.033)]}. Among the chub mackerel caught in 2015, the age 2 group had the highest proportion (30.9%), and the age 0 to 2 group accounted for 88.5% of the total catch.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.75-97
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• 2008

Recently Korea is expected with the decrease of population in working ages and also population structure, especially age structure, has changed as aging goes faster. This study focuses on the relationship between age structure and wage structure to analyzes the cohort size effect on the change of age-earnings profile. Our empirical analysis based on Wright(1991)'s model takes weighted OLS regression using the male worker's data of Ministry of Labor 'Wage Structure Survey'($1990{\sim}2006$). In pooled data, we take the conclusion that the cohort size effect was found in high school and college graduate workers, but the effect is different between them. The labor market entry effect of high school graduate workers is negative(-) and his persistent effect is positive(+). On the other hand, the cohort size effect of college graduate workers have appeared the opposite directions in contrary with the existing results of Welch(1979) and Wright(1991). This results are seen as the possibility that college graduate worker has the benefit of wage level by his relative cohort size in spite of high unemployment of young graduate. It will be the sign of need that we should interest in the change of age structure with balancing the labor supply side approach and the demand side study which the previous studies was mainly tended to focus on.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.131-135
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 연령·조명·프로그램 종류에 따른 TV 최적 화질의 설정치를 규명하고, 최적 화질에 대한 감성구조를 규명하는 것이 목적이다. 아동, 성인 그리고 노인이 실험에 참여하였고, 세 가지 조명 조건에 따라 영화, 만화영화 (애니메이션), 드라마, 다큐멘터리의 화면이 제시되었다. 실험 참여자들은 화면을 보는 동안, 리모콘을 사용하여 가장 만족스러운 화면을 설정하였다. 또한 설정한 최적화질에 대해 감성을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 연령·조명·프로그램 종류에 따라 최적 화질에 대한 설정치가 다르게 나타났다. 화질에 대한 감성구조는 두 차원 (쾌-불쾌 및 감각특성, 미적특성)으로 나타났으며, 연령에 따라 감성구조가 다르게 나타났다.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

Using structural equation modeling, this study sought to examine the structural causality between elderly age norms, social activities, and life satisfaction and to determine the moderating effect of death preparation activities. The analysis was conducted using data for 6,288 people over 65 years old, plus their spouses and children, taken from the '2017 National Survey of Older Koreans.' The study found, first, that the more positive the age norms to which the older person subscribes, the more their social activities increase. Second, as these social activities increase, the level of life satisfaction also increases. Third, the more positive the age norms to which the older person subscribes, the more the level of life satisfaction increases. Fourth, there is a significant positive mediating effect of social activity in the relationship between the age norms of the older person and life satisfaction. Fifth, there is a significant moderating effect of death preparation activities in the structural relationship between age norms, social activities, and life satisfaction that specifically impacts the age norm-life satisfaction relationship. Based on these results, practical plans to improve elderly people's life satisfaction are recommended.