• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.125-141
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• 2013

This research aims to integrate study results through a meta-analysis of previous studies on the variables related with social support for female marriage immigrants. Based on the results, this study established the foundation of an integrated social support system for female marriage immigrants which considers both the functional perspective and structural perspective of social support, and suggested plans for an efficient support system. All social support was positively associated with female marriage immigrants marriage life, child-rearing behavior and attitude, reduction of stress and depression and psychological stability. In relation to the effect size of each variable related with all social support, the marriage variable had the biggest relationship with it, followed by the parenting variable, the psychological variable and the stress variable in that order. With reference to the relationship with related variables according to the sub-domain of social support, from the structural perspective, spousale support showed a high relationship with the marriage variable and the stress variable. It was also especially, very highly related with the marriage variable. In addition, a married woman's family support and expert support had an intermediate relationship with the marriage variable, and the husband's family support and friend support had a low relationship with it. From the functional perspective, material support had a very high relationship with the marriage variable, whereas it had a low relationship with the stress variable and the psychological variable. Emotional support was also highly related with marriage variable, but showed an intermediate or low relationship with the psychological variable and the stress variable. On the other hand, informational support displayed an intermediate relationship with the stress variable and the psychological variable, and a high relationship with the marriage variable. Lastly, evaluative support had a high relationship with the marriage variable and the psychological variable. Based on these results, this study proposed plans for an integrated social support system as follows. First, education ought to be provided for the spouses, and support for marital adjustment should be offered. Second, there plans should be made for continuous bonding with the family of origin, and support should be given to address changes in awareness of the relationship with the husband's parents. Third, it is required to revitalize the local community and self-help groups, and provide the female marriage immigrants with opportunities to participate in social activities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.302-314
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• 2011

In today's fast changing management environment, new role of leaders is being emphasized for survival of companies, and organizational achievement must be maximized by using servant leadership strategically. Data were collected from the sample of 435 employee employed service. All analysis were conducted using LISREL 8.30. The research studies how servant leadership influences organizational citizenship behavior through psychological empowerment. The result is as follows. First, it is found that, among the servant leadership's behavior characters, except for empathy and ethics, growth, vision and community building are found to be variables that increase psychological empowerment. Secondly, it is fund that psychological empowerment of organization's members has positive correlation on organizational citizenship behavior. Thirdly, it is found that among the servant leadership's behavior characters, except for empathy and ethics, growth, vision and community building are found to have meaningful positive influence over organized citizens' behavior through psychological empowerment. Likewise, the result means the servant leadership increases organizational citizenship behavior of the members through empowerment. For servant leadership to promote organizational citizenship behavior, it is suggested to emphasize empowerment. In other words, it is important to empower subordinates for servant leadership to make more useful and complete achievement in the organization.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.563-570
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• 1998

The seven (7) housewives were used as subjects at three times per weeks for twelve (12) weeks in order to find out the effects of aerobic exercise and weight training on body composition and blood lipid. Each subject's weight, lean body mass, percent body fat, BMI and blood lipid were measured immediately after the training and the results compared with the same prior to exercises were obtained as follows ; 1. The weight and percent body fat of the subjects were slightly but not significantly decreased, however the lean body mass following training was significantly increased with 1.3 %. BMI S RBW were also not significantly decreased. 2. Calory intake was 1929.9 cal before the training and 1896.0 cal after the training, which doesn't shows much difference. 3. The blood lipid such as TC and LDL-C were a little increased after the training, but HDL-C shows significant increase of 22.7 %, and HDL-C/TC was significantly increased with 13.2 % (p<.05 ) as well. However, TG shows significant decrease (p<.05 ).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.8 s.88
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• pp.1166-1171
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• 2007

Exercise is the strongest stress to which the body is ever exposed. The body responds to this stress through a set of physiological changes in its metabolic, hormonal, and immunological systems. In this study, responses of the immune system to the long-term aerobic and anaerobic exercises have been investigated. Regular moderate exercise is associated with a reduced incidence of infection compared with a sedentary groups. Aerobic training increases the heart rate and enhances the body's intake of oxygen long enough to benefit the condition of the body. In recent years, the importance of exercise in everyday life has been rapidly increasing. Moderate exercise appears to stimulate the immune system. And also, Exercise elicits an increase in the numbers of circulating lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets (including NK cells) which is followed by a decrease in the numbers of cells during recovery from exercise. However, prolonged bouts of strenuous exercise cause a temporary depression of various aspects of immune functions (e.g. lymphocyte proliferation, monocyte antigen presentation, open window periods, exercise induced asthma, exercise induced anaphylaxis) that usually lasts 2-24 hr after exercise depending on the intensity and duration of the exercise bout. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) was defined as a decrease of at least 15% in pre exercise forced expiratory volume in one second at any time point after exercise. This includes elevation of cortisol and cathecholamines in plasma. On the other hand, highly trained athletes exhibit a chronic mild hypercortisolism at baseline that maybe an adaptive change to chronic exercise. And, Consuming carbohydrate during prolonged strenuous exercise attenuates rises in stress hormones and appears to limit the degree of exercise-induced immune depression. Recent evidence suggests that antioxidant vitamin supplementation may also reduce exercise stress and impairment of leukocyte functions.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adequate clothing pressure of upper and lower body foundation garment and subjective assessment of those compressive foundation depending on various wearing conditions. Eighteen women in their 30s and 40s participated in the experiments for this study to evaluate the level of clothing pressure of girdle and waist nipper. Subjects were divided into two groups by the wearing habits of foundation, one is the group of wearing foundation garment 'tightly' and the other is 'loosely', It was found that the group wearing foundation garment 'loosely' was much more sensitive than the group of 'tightly' in everyday life. The adequate pressure of upper foundation, waist nipper was about $1.5{\pm}0.8$ kPa which is lower than that of the lower body foundation, girdle. And at the same time, the sensitivity of the pressure level was higher when subjects are wearing waist nipper compared with wearing girdle. Therefore, precise pattern making process is necessary to meet the adequate level of pressure of the upper body foundation such as waist nipper, specially for those who used to wear clothing loosely.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.31
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• pp.101-123
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• 2012

The 5 day workweek has become widespread, and more recently, the 40 hour workweek is planned to be implemented to the Korean industry by the government by 2012. It is possible that in the future, we may begin to complain about too much leisure, rather than too much work. There is a need then, for types options in leisure activity, brought about by personal choices and interests. The use of leisure time is a very personal matter. It is deeply related to types with the quality of life. Bagozzi (1981) developed a model discerning among attitude, intention and activity, that attitude affects behavioral intention, and behavioral intention affects activity. So, as behavioral activity has a deep relationship to behavioral intention, participation intention according to leisure types leads to participation in leisure activity. Sports activity and hobby and cultural activity appear to have high participation and it seems that this is reflected in behavioral attitude. Among the types of leisure satisfaction, sport activity satisfaction is associated with a more positive attitude to leisure than other types. With respect to background variables for attitude toward leisure according to leisure satisfaction, the biggest differences in attitude toward leisure were associated with sports activity.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.5-26
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• 2014

This study examined the effects of web-based learning experiences, learning style, and Internet self-efficacy that influence beginning child care teachers belief about web-based learning. The participants were 215 beginning child care teachers who work in child care centers. Data were analyzed by means of frequency analysis, correlation, and multiple regression for SPSS windows. The results were as follows: First, significant statistical differences were detected in web-based learning experiences and beliefs about web-based learning. Online teacher learning community use and frequency were significant gaps in beliefs about web-based learning. Second, there were statistical differences in learning styles and beliefs about web-based learning. And teachers with assimilator learning style showed high difficulty beliefs about web-based learning. Third, teachers' belief about web-based learning was significantly related to Internet self-efficacy. It means that teachers that have high Internet self-efficacy show high belief about web-based learning. Forth, among the teachers' personal variables, a higher level of online teacher learning community use and Internet self-efficacy predicted higher beliefs about web-based learning. Thus, this study suggested the importance of web-based learning experiences and Internet self-efficacy to beliefs about web-based learning. And it implicated ways to improve positive beliefs about web-based learning of beginning child care teachers.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was investigated on that whether there was any statistical difference or not in terms of the career decision making according to the growth environment of High school students. The researcher surveyed 600 questionnaires for high school students and was using 539 questionnaires in the final analysis. They were analyzed by cluster analyses according to the growth environment scale and it classified into two cluster groups. The cluster group A and B had a significant difference on scores of the growth environment scale. The group A had more interested in activities such as political, social, intellectual, and cultural ones and participated at social and leisure activities. Moreover, the group was emphasis on moral and religious values. The group B got the higher score than group A about the score of the rational type of the career decision making: the group A got the higher score than the group B to the score of the dependent type. On the matter of the job information collection sub-scale, the group A got the higher score than the group B: the group A scored higher points than group B about the goal establishment and the self-estimate sub-scales. Therefore, in order to do the career-guidance of youths, each family had to provide positive growth environment which required various stimuli and affluent in experience settings for them to mature.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.478-486
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to find out the actual status of smartphone students' dependence on college students, and to identify the correlation between depression, self-efficacy and smartphone overdependence, and the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between depression and smartphone overdependencee. The main results of the survey and analysis of 1,177 four-year college students located in Gyeonggi area are as follows. First, the percentage of college students' smartphone overdependence was very high at 34.1%. Second, there was a significant difference in prevalence of depression between the smartphone overdependence group(18.7%) and the general user group(11%). Third, self-efficacy showed a negative correlation with smartphone overdependence. The smartphone overdependence group showed significantly lower score in self-efficacy and self-regulation efficacy, confidence, and task difficulty preference than the general user group. Fourth, self-efficacy worked as a mediating variable in the relationship between depression and smartphone overdependence. In other words, the effect of depression on smartphone overdependence tended to decrease as self-efficacy rose in the relationship. Finally, we discussed the development of programs to support career and psychological counseling of university students.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.245-264
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• 2008

This study examines the differences in children's reading comprehension and satisfaction of storybooks according to a type of medium(paper and multimedia e-books). Six different storybooks were used and 85 children participated. Each child read a paper book and an e-book(both are different books). The study results showed that overall, the type of medium did not significantly affect the children's reading comprehension of all six storybooks: for two storybooks, some comprehension scores of paper books were higher than those of e-books, on the other hand, some comprehension scores of e-books were higher than those of paper books. Satisfaction scores of paper books are a little bit higher that those of e-books, although resulting in no statistically significant difference between two types. In addition, the study suggested that the amount of annual readings is positively related to improving children's composition ability and information acquisition ability. Finally, we proposed how to promote the use of e-books in the school library environments in terms of its usability and management policies.