• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.219-225
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• 2016

In this study, for assessment of degenerative knee joint cartilage disease we acquired images by fat suppressed 3D spoiled gradient recalled (SPGR) and fat suppressed 3D $T2^*$ weighted imaging techniques. To do a quantitative evaluation, the knee joint cartilage was divided into medial femoral cartilage (MFC), medial tibial cartilage (MTC), lateral femoral cartilage (LFC), lateral femoral cartilage (LFC) and patella cartilage (Pat) to measure their respective signal intensity values, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast-to-noise ratio. As for the measured values, statistical significance between two techniques was verified by using Mann-Whitney U-Test. To do a qualitative evaluation, two radiologists have examined images by techniques after which image artifact, cartilage surface, tissue contrast, and depiction of lesion distinguishing were evaluated based on 4-point scaling (1: bad, 2: appropriate, 3: good, 4: excellent), and based on the result, statistical significance was verified by using Kappa-value Test. 3.0T MR system and HD T/R 8ch knee array coil were used to acquire images. As a result of a quantitative analysis, based on SNR values measured by using two imaging techniques, MFC, LFC, LTC, and Pat showed statistical significance (p < 0.05), but MTC did not (p > 0.05). As a result of verifying statistical significance for measured CNR value, MFC, LFC, and Pat showed statistical significance (p < 0.05), while MTC and LTC did not show statistical significance (p > 0.05). As a result of a qualitative analysis, by comparing mean values for evaluated image items, 3D $T2^*$ weighted Image has indicated a slightly higher value. As for conformance verification between the two observers by using Kappa-value test, all evaluated items have indicated statistically significant results (p < 0.05). 3D $T2^*$ weighted technique holds a clinical value equal to or superior to 3D SPGR technique with respect to evaluating images, such as distinguishing knee joint cartilages, comparing nearby tissues contrast, and distinguishing lesions.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 1996

The normal larynx locates to the front of the neck symmetrically and the thyroid notch lies in the center of the neck, but practically the larynx is not symmetric in all people. From a clinical point of views, there are vague cases to decide whether a disordered laryngeal structure is within normal variations or a pathologic condition. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anatomy of the laryngeal framework in normal population. Authors investigate various measures of normal laryngeal framework, such as symmetry and length of the larynx, levels of the hyoid bone and vocal cord and angle of thyroid cartilage by using calipers and protractor on 45 cases of neck CT. The results are summerized as follows. 1. The laryngeal framework was asymmetric to a greater or lesser extent in most cases with directional preponderance to the right side. The degree of asymmetry did not differ among different age groups and between seres. 2. The level of the hyoid bone ranged from C2-C3 vertebrae to C5-C6 intervertebral space with most frequent level of C5. 3. The level of the vocal cord ranged from 01 vertebra to C6-C7 intervertebral space with most frequent level of C5. 4. The angle of thyroid cartilage ranged from 58 degree to 100 degree with average of 81.5 and mean angle between both thyroid alae were 77.24 degree in male and 87.88 degree in female.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.60-63
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• 2009

Trevor's disease, also known as dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica, is rare abnormality characterized by aberrant cartilaginous overgrowth forming one half of epiphysis. Typically the patient is 2 to 14 years of age. Until now only six cases, including a case recurred after surgery, have been reported in Korea. A seven year-old boy complained pain of the left knee. However, any deformity of the knee was not seen. The plain radiographic findings showed multiple ossifications asymmetrically on the medial epiphysis of distal femur. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clearly demonstrated the epiphyseal mass which contained low signal spots corresponding to calcified foci and abnormal cartilaginous overgrowth. We report one additional case with a brief review of literature with the MRI findings.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.475-477
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• 2019

Stem cell research arose from the need to explore new therapeutic possibilities for intractable and lethal diseases. Although musculoskeletal disorders are basically nonlethal, their high prevalence and the relative ease of performing clinical trials have facilitated the clinical application of stem cells in this field. On the other hand, despite the plethora of in vitro and preclinical studies in stem cell research for regenerative medicine in the musculoskeletal system, few reliable clinical studies have been published. Stem cell therapy can be applied locally for bone, cartilage, and tendon regeneration. The candidate disease modalities in bone regeneration include large bone defects, nonunion of fractures, and osteonecrosis. Focal osteochondral defect and osteoarthritis are the current targets for cartilage regeneration. For tendon regeneration, bone-tendon junction problems, such as rotator cuff tears are hot topics in clinical research. To date, the literature supporting stem cell-based therapies comprises mostly case reports or case series.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.84-88
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• 2009

Purpose: Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease(CPPD) is a disease of the elderly and extremely rare in young individuals. If young people develop CPPD crystal deposition disease, it may be associated with metabolic diseases, such as hemochromatosis, hyperparathyroidism, hypophosphatasia, hypomagnesemia, Wilson's disease, hypothyroidism, and gout. Materials and Methods: Therefore, in young-onset CPPD crystal deposition disease, an investigation of any predisposing metabolic conditions is warranted. Conclusion: We report a case of a young female patient who presented with idiopathic CPPD crystal deposition disease at 25 years of age.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2008

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon condition, and the involvement of the shoulder joint is rare. A 15 year old female patient presented to author's institution for right shoulder pain. We checked the plain radiographs and MRI. And they showed that a diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis in the shoulder, and they also demonstrated that the disease involved the bicipital tendon sheath as well as glenohumeral joint. We removed all loose bodies with total synovectomy by arthroscopic procedure, and a miniopen procedure for the lesions of biceps tendon sheath. Arthroscopic treatment affords excellent visualization of the shoulder joint with less morbidity. However, with current arthroscopic techniques, it is difficult to manage the synovial chondromatosis of biceps tendon in bicipital groove. The authors suggest that the complete elimination of synovial chondromatosis involving shoulder requires a mini-open procedure for the lesions of biceps tendon sheath in addition to the arthroscopic resection of the affected synovium and loose body removal in the glenohumeral joint.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2008

Fluoroquinolones have been widely used since the development of nalidixic acid because of the excellent spectrum of activity, superior tissue penetration, and convenient route of administration. Despite such advantages, the usage in children is limited by concerns of toxicity to cartilage, damage to joints in animal studies, and an increase in antibiotic resistance. However, pediatric use has been increasing under certain circumstances with no report of such adverse effects. Further study is required prior to recommendation for general use of fluoroquinolones in children. The careful administration of fluoroquinolones is recommended only in limited circumstances, such as failure of primary antibiotics and lack of alternative antibiotics.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.248-250
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• 1996

Congenital esophageal stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnant is very rare disease entity and usually occurs in mid and lower esophagus. The cause is esophageal sequestration of a tracheobronchial anlage before embryologic separation. A 4 years old girl was admitted with swallowing difficulty, food regurgitation which progressively got worse in recent 2 years. She was operated under the dagnosis of achalasia. During the myoto y procedure we found the bean sized hard nodular mass, which was 4cm above the esophagogastric junction, and after the resection of mass, esophagoplasty was carried out. The histologic finding of the mass revealed traheal cartilages and respiratory glands.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2000

Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia(FFCD) is an uncommon, benign condition associated with unilateral tibia vara among young children. FFCD has a typical plain radiographic finding, which has a concave radiolucent defect in the metadiaphyseal junction of medial aspect of the proximal tibia. The varus deformity occurs at the site of the lesion. Spontaneous remodeling and resolution of bony defect may be expected, but the corrective osteotomy may also be needed in some cases. The authors described a case of unilateral tibia vara caused by FFCD, diagnosed by excisional biopsy and treated with dome-shaped proximal tibial osteotomy and bone graft.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.78-83
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• 2000

Endobronchial chondroma is a cartilaginous benign tumor, which arises from bronchial cartilage. As a rare benign tumor, endobronchial chondroma differs from cartilaginous hamartoma in that it includes cartilage components only, but hamartoma contains lipomatous and lymphoid tissue. The clinical manifestations of endobronchial chondroma are associated with the extent of mechanical obstruction of bronchus. Symptoms of endobronchial chondroma are nonspecific, such as cough, sputum, fever, or dyspnea on exertion. Endobronchial chondroma is often misdiagnosed as other diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or pulmonary tuberculosis. The treatment is usually surgical procedures, such as resection of lung segment or lobe by thoracostomy, or resection of tumor by bronchoscopy. We report a case of the patient who was diagnosed to have endobronchial chondroma treated by bronchial resection and end to end anastomosis.