• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.971-986
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• 2009

This research investigated how the participation of various social activities affects cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly population. To examine the relation between the participation of various social activities and cognitive function, we used data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Social activities were classified into four types as religious ritual, leisure, public association and ascriptive association activities, and MMSE-K score was used to measure cognitive function. Results from multiple regression analyses after adjusting for socio-economic status and health status show that the participation in religious and leisure activities have positive effects on cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly population. Participation in leisure activities in middle-aged male group helps preserve cognitive function, and leisure activity and ritual activity are significantly related to cognitive function in middle-aged female group. Meanwhile the participation in religious and leisure activities have positive effects on cognitive function in elderly male and female group. Based on these findings, we suggest that various programs to support the participation of elderly population in social activities should be developed for healthy life for the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.386-394
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of topical lidocaine cream on pain and anxiety during the AV fistula puncture among hemodialysis patients. Methods: The study employed one group repeated measurement design. The data were collected from 50 hemodialysis patients who received AV fistula puncture. The topical lidocaine cream was applied 30 minutes before the puncture. The data were measured total 3 times (T1=without lidocaine, T2=2% lidocaine, T3=5% lidocaine). Pain was measured by VAS and a behavioral checklist. Anxiety was measured by Korean manual of SCL-90-R. Results: Patients with 5% lidocaine cream reported significantly lower of VAS pain score than those with 2% lidocaine and without lidocaine. Patients with 2% lidocaine cream reported significantly lower of behavioral pain scores than those without lidocaine, but less effective than 5% lidocaine cream. Patients with 2% lidocaine cream reported significantly lower of anxiety scores than those without lidocaine, but less effective than 5% lidocaine cream. Conclusion: Topical application of lidocaine cream for 30 minutes before AV fistula puncture significantly decreased pain and anxiety among hemodialysis patients. Specifically 5% lidocaine was more effective than 2% lidocaine for both pain and anxiety.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.124-130
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• 1998

For every person who concerned with horse, horse breeder, groom and all the horse related vet, oedema, on horse's articulation, ligament, tendon, lacertus or ligamenta annularia, is unavoidable disease. It is the horse in obest condition, so called 'clear

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 1971

The ointment, had discovered and used from the ancient, have not ever defined to qualitity as the hardness concerned with the absorned With the absorption of the effect of durg through the skin. Auther, for the first time, suggest the apparent logarithmic hardness against the penetration of ointment registered on the pharmacopeia of the Republic of Korea, the results are as the followings. 1. The speciality of this apparent logarithmic hardness ie in proportion for the solidity on the contrary to the penetration of oiniment, and the distribution range of it are between 1.68 to 3.53 for their ointments examined. 2. The specific gravity of the verious ointments according to the apparent logarithmic hardness may be ignore on the calculaiotn, the mean valve of the samples was 2.9303. 3. The determination of apparent logarithmic hardness(H) by the penetration method follows the under equation. $H=log_{10}({\frac{P-0.545h^3}{0.855h^2}})$ where, the h is the penetrate length described centimeter, and p is the weight of the cone.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.18 no.4 s.31
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• pp.134-144
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• 2005

통과대해역병재${\ulcorner}$동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)${\lrcorner}$중적상관내용여현대의학적비교연구(中的相關內容與現代醫學的比較硏究), 가류추출여하결론(可類推出如下結論): ${\ulcorner}$내경(內經)${\lrcorner}$중출현적해역병, 재척부혹맥적진단법급자침적류오인식상(在尺部或脈的診斷法及刺針的謬誤認識上), 언급도해역병. 저시인위파열(這是因爲把熱), 혈소(血少), 비토허(脾土虛), 상화작위료기근원적연고(相火作爲了其根源的緣故). 해역병적증상시‘한불한(寒不寒), 열불열(熱不熱), 약불약(弱不弱), 장불장(壯不壯)’급(及)‘소삭, 행산, 불능거(不能去)’ 재(在)${\ulcorner}$동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)${\lrcorner}$중칭위‘기병가유(其病可愈)’, 이종현대의학적각도진행연구결과(而從現代醫學的角度進行硏究結果), 인위유류사여말초신경적병증(認爲有類似與末稍神經的病證). 종현대의학적원인래간(從現代醫學的原因來看), 유어단백질(由於蛋白質)-능량적영양결핍화유생소급미량원소적부족(能量的營養缺乏和維生素及微量原素的不足), 출현말초신경병증(出現末稍神經病證). 재(在)${\ulcorner}$동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)${\lrcorner}$적약물중(的藥物中), 야유능량화유생소급미량원소등성분(也有能量和維生素及微量原素等成分), 소이인위대태양인적처방(所以認爲對太陽人的處方), 종영양학각도진행분석연구시유가치적(從營養學角度進行分析硏究是有價値的).

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2000

Drug delivery system(DDS) applied to various fields, such as medicine, cosmetics, agriculture and necessities of life. Among these application fields, DDS is often used as the method of drug dosage into the epidermic skin. We investigated characters of transdermal therapeutic system(TTS) and the skin permeability of that with applying DDS. Chitosan was selected as material of TTS. We investigated the permeation of chitosan ointment containing drug in rat skin using horizontal membrane cell model. Permeation properties of materials were investigated for water-soluble drug such as riboflavin in vitro. We used glycerin, PEG 600 and oleic acid as enhancers. Since dermis has more content water(hydration) than the stratum corneum, skin permeation rate at steady state was highly influenced when glycerin was used in water-soluble drug. The permeation rate of content enhancer and drug was found to be faster than that of content water-soluble drug only. These results showed that skin permeation rate of drug across the composite was manly dependent on the property of ointment base and drug. Proper selection of the polymeric materials which resemble and enhance properties of the delivering drug was found to be important in controlling the skin permeation rate.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.9A
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• pp.1083-1090
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• 2004

In this paper, a meander-type microstrip patch antenna for application in 5GHz-hand is designed and fabricated To obtain enough bandwidth in VSWR≶2, the foam is inserted between substrate and ground plane, the coaxial probe source 1S used Antenna is simulated varing the length and width of meander line, the position of probe feeding and the thick of airgap. Later antenna is fabricated with optimizated antenna parameter. The measured result of Fabricated antenna obtained IGHz(l7.5%) bandwidth in VSWR≶2, the gain of 7.3-9.5dBi, Unidirectional pattern.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1 s.37
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• pp.132-141
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• 1999

자운고가(紫雲膏加) 금은화(金銀花)가 창상치유과정(創傷治愈過程)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 살펴보고자 혈청중(血淸中)의 Leukocyte, CRP, Cortisol의 변화 및 상처크기의 축소율(縮小率)을 실험(實驗)한 결과 백혈구의 변화에서는 Sample II 가 Control에 비해 감소(減少)의 유의성을 나타내었고 CRP함량(含量)의 변화에서는 뚜렷한 유의성을 나타내지 못하였고 Cortisol함량(含量)의 변화에서는 Sample II 가 Control에 비해 감소(減少)의 유의성을 나타내었지만 Sample III와 비교시에는 Sample III의 감소(減少)의 유의성이 높게 나타났다. 상처(喪妻)의 축소율(縮小率)은 실험 10일과 15일째 Control에 비해 유의성이 인정(認定)되었다. 이상(以上)을 살펴볼 때 자운고가(紫雲膏加) 금은화(金銀花)가 창상치료(創傷治療)에 대해 효과적(效果的)이며 약재(藥材)로서의 효능을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있으나 자운고(紫雲膏)와 비교하였을 때는 금은화(金銀花)의 첨가가 창상치료(創傷治療)애 크게 유의성있는 변화를 나타내지 못하였지만 자운고(紫雲膏)의 단독(單獨) 투여(投與)시보다는 나은 효과를 나타내었으며 앞으로 한방(韓方) 연고(軟膏)의 개발을 위하여 더 많은 연구(硏究)가 필요할 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study is to assess change of the skin and quality of life of the Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantari patient by Traditional Korean Medicine. Methods : We used Bihaesamsp-tanggagambang and herbal medication for external use. The progress is evaluated by Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and the patient gave marks about the subjective symptoms from 0 to 4. Results : Through the treatment, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) changed from 29 to 22, and subjective symptoms of both itching and burning sensation changed from 4 to 1. Conclusions : Traditional Korean Medicine seems to be effective for the Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantari treatment. More clinical cases and studies are needed to develop an organized therapeutic measures.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1982

Silver sulfadiazine has been introduced to replace silver nitrate in the topical treatment of extensive burns and this drug exerts a prominent antibacterial action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compound is painless upon application and insufficient sulfadiazine is absorbed to cause crystalluria. The primary purpose of the study was to clarify the antimicrobial action of zinc sulfadiazine ointment in comparison with silver sulfadiazine ointment as well as the pharmaceutical properties of the zinc sulfadiazine preparations. The results are summerized as followings: 1) The optimum ratio of two substrate compounds for the synthesis of zinc sulfadiazine are 2 moles of sulfadiazine and 1 mole of zinc sulfate at pH 6.0. 2) The stability of zinc sulfadiazine ointment preparation by using polyethylene glycol base, Beeler's base or polyoxyl 40 stearate base was more stable than that of silver sulfadiazine preparations. 3) The antimicrobial action of zinc sulfadiazine exhibits a stronger antimicrobial activity than that of sulfadiazine against Staphylococcus aureus but the opposite is true against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.