• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.3
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• pp.309-315
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• 2006

This study was to compare the biomass and annual net production between 60 to 70-year-old Quercus mongolica stand facing northern and southern aspect in Mt. Joongwang (1000 m from sea level), Pyungchang and 35-year-old Q. mongolica stand in Mt. Wolak (300m from sea level), Jechon. The total biomass was 252.9 ton/ha in northern aspect and 212.2 ton/ha in southern aspect of Mt. Joongwang while 198.7 ton/ha in northern aspect of Mt. Wolak. Annual net production was 17.3 ton/ha/yr in northern aspect and 14.2 ton/ha/yr in southern aspect of Mt. Joongwang while 21.2 ton/halyr in Mt. Wolak. Total biomass, especially leaf and branch biomass in north slope was greater than those in south slope of Mt. Joongwang. Leaf area index (LAI) of Q. mongolica stand was 11.17 in Mt. Wolak while 5.77 in northern aspect and 3.97 in southern aspect of Mt. Joongwang, and the net assimilation rate (NAR) was 2.60 kg/kg/yr, 4.26 kg/kg/yr, 6.06 kg/kg/yr in same order.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1993

Using the eight-year-working diaries($1984{\sim}1991$) of the fishing co-operative in Tonggui-ri, Cheju-do, as well as the records of consignment sale in the fish trust market as the corporate body in Aewol-up, the results have been analyzed as follows. 1. The monthly catch of Turbo cornutus was high from September through December, representing $58.2\%$ of the annual total catches. The maximum sustained yield(MSY) of this stock was estimated to be 2.5 tons. 2. The maximum sustained yields of Haliotis spp. and Sulculus sp. were estimated to be 800kg and 750kg, respectively. 3. The maximum sustained yields of Stichopus sp. and Octopus sp. were 500kg and 2, 500kg, respectively. 4. The total yield of Hizikia fusiforme has been decreasing a little and that of Gelidium sp. has been increasing. The total yield of Gelidium sp. in 1984 was about 5 times greater than that in 1990. 5. The daily catchability by divers have been high at thirties, and the individual mean working day of divers was 101 per year. 6. The consignment sale rates were $100\%$ each for Turbo cornutus, Hiziki fusiforme and Gelidium sp., $25.5\%$ and $61.1\%$ for Haliotis sp. and Stichopus sp. respectively, and $0\%$ each for Sulculus sp. and Octopus sp.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

Diversity, production and nutrients concentrations of mushroom in a pitch pine forest (Pinus rigida) were studied from March through November 2000 in Kongju, Chungnam Province. Fifteen $2{\times}2m$ permanent quadrats were established randomly in the study area. 32 species of mushrooms were identified in the permanent quadrats during the study period. Although mushrooms occurred from June to October, the heighest diversity and biomass production occurred in August and September. Seasonal dominant species were Collybia confluens in July, Cantharellus lutescens in August and September, respectively. Annual production of mushrooms were 12.13kg $Dwha^{-1}yr^{-1}$. Seasonal production was 0.71kg $Dwha^{-1}$ for July, 3.95kg $Dwha^{-1}$ for August and 6.92 kg $Dwha^{-1}$ for September, respectively. Average concentrations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in mushrooms was $38.81{\pm}4.82, \;0.90{\pm}0.44,\;28.47{\pm}7.81,\;0.24{\pm}0.16\;and\;0.76{\pm}0.26mg\;g^{-1}$, respectively, which were much higher than those in leaf litter and soil of the study site. Amount of N, P, K, Ca and Mg accumulated in mushrooms in 2000 was 463.41, 10.26, 345.21, 3.14 and $8.99g\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, respectively.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.84-87
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• 1999

식품으로 사용된 미강유는 1994년 이래로 미국에서 상업적으로 생산되어 왔다. 다른 식물성 기름과 비슷한데도 불구하고 미강유가 niche 시장에서 특별한 기름으로 부각된 것은 몇 가지의 독특한 성질 때문이다. 미강유는 견과류와도 같은 향기가 매우 좋고 추출될 때는 튀김유로서 매우 안정적이다. 그러나 미강유의 가장 주목할만한 특징은 $ \gamma-oryzanol과 tocotrienols같은 nutraceutical value가 매우 높은 수준으로 함유되어 있다. 1997년 식물성유의 연간 세계 총생산은 약 8천4백만 톤으로 추정된다(USDA, 1998). 전세계 쌀 수확량으로부터 약 7백만 톤의 쌀겨기름을 생산할 수 있다. 이 양은 연간 총생산 식물성유의 약8%에 해당된다. 그러나 현재 연간 세계 미강유 생산이 80만 톤 미만으로서 모든 식물성유의 약1%로 추정된다 대규모 정미기가 갖추어져야만 실용적인 규모로 미강으로부터 기름을 추출하고 미강의 안정화 시스템 설비를 구비할 수 있다. 그러나 세계 미곡 생산량의 대부분이 소규모 정미기로 가공된다. 이러한 이유 때문에 가까운 장래에 전체 미강 생산의 50%이상으로부터 미강유를 생산할수 있을 것 같지는 않다.

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.19 no.12 s.212
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• pp.94-95
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• 1999

연간 원유생산량 약 200만톤, 1998년 6월 1일부터 인하하였다고 치면 200만톤의 12분의 7인 117만톤, $5.4\% 인하시 톤당 가격은 29,036원이며 1998년에만도 약 340억원, 1999년도 약 580억원의 혜택을 본 셈이고, 이중에서 약 20억원을 각출하자는 것이었는데 무임승차자가 있었다는 것은 한번 깊이 반성해 보아야할 대목이 아닌가 싶다.

• 전기의세계
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• v.43 no.8
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• pp.14-16
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• 1994

2010년까지 중국 본토에서 설비용량은 540GW이상이 될 것이고 발전량은 2조 5천억KWH가 될 것입니다. 세계 널리 알려진 일이지만 양쯔강 유역에서는 3개의 협곡프로젝트가 수행될 것입니다. 3개의 협곡의 설비용량은 18,200MW이며 연간 전기 생산량은 847억 KWH입니다. 이 프로젝트는 2010년까지 완수될 것이고 이로써 전국적인 전력계통시스템이 형성될 것입니다.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.43-51
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• 2008

This study is to evaluate the NPP (Net Primary Production) distribution in the Geum River basin from NOAA/AVHRR satellite imagery data. It is supposed that the natural vegetation condition and the NPP has the linear relationship. The NPP from natural vegetation increases proportional to the annual net radiation (Rn), where radiative dryness index (RDI) is a proportional constant connecting net radiation to NPP. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used for monitoring vegetation change, and iNDVI (integrated NDVI) for annual analysis. The iNDVI has a close relation to Rn and NPP, which can be used effectively for estimating NPP distribution of where the meteorological data is unavailable. The purpose of this study is to propose a simple method to get NPP in the Geum river basin.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.208.1-208.1
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• 2011

우리나라 전국의 사찰수는 약 22,000개로 추정되며, e-나라지표에 의하면 사찰 역사가 오래되거나 전통 양식의 건축물과 문화재 등을 간직한 사찰로 문화체육관광부가 지정하는 전통사찰은 2010년 3월말 현재 전체의 4.2%인 935개로 알려져 있다. 대도시에 위치한 사찰을 제외하면 일반적으로 사찰은 계곡에 위치하여 인근에 하천이 있으며, 유역이 작아 유량은 적으나 경사가 심해 낙차를 크게 얻을 수 있다. 또한 설계제원이 비슷한 전통사찰들을 그룹핑하고 소수력발전시스템을 Kit형태로 표준화하여 개발한다면 초기투자비를 저감할 수 있는 장점도 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전통사찰에 소수력발전의 적용가능성을 타진하기 위하여 유역면적이 $49.71km^2$인 사찰 1지점을 선정하여 인근의 하천을 이용한 소수력발전 성능특성을 분석하였다. 분석결과 단위 유효낙차당 설비용량은 약 9.3kW, 연간전기생산량은 약 28,602kWh로 산정되었으며, 낙차가 커질수록 설비규모와 연간전기생산량은 비례하여 증가될 것으로 추정된다. 부존자원이 부족하여 에너지해외의존도가 97%가 넘는 현실을 감안할때 전통사찰에 대한 타당성 조사를 통해 소수력발전을 적용함으로서 사찰에서 사용되는 전기에너지의 절약과 친환경 재생에너지의 활용을 확대해 나가는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2017

A large floating offshore wind-wave hybrid power generation system with an area of 150 m2 and four 3 MW class wind turbine generators was installed at each column top. In accordance with the wind turbine arrangement, the wake generated from upstream turbines can adversely affect the power performance and load characteristics of downstream turbines. Therefore, an optimal arrangement design, obtained through a detailed flow analysis focusing on wake interference, is necessary. In this study, to determine the power characteristics and annual energy production (AEP) of individual wind turbines, transient computational fluid dynamics, considering wind velocity variation (8 m/s, 11.7 m/s, 19 m/s, and 25 m/s), was conducted under different platform conditions ($0^{\circ}$, $22.5^{\circ}$, and $45^{\circ}$). The AEP was calculated using a Rayleigh distribution, depending on the wind turbine arrangement. In addition, we suggested an optimal arrangement design to minimize wake losses, based on the AEP.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.135-140
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• 1988

This field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of cutting times (3,4 and 5 times $yr^{-1}$) and cutting heights (3, 6 and 9 cm) on the growth and dry matter(DM) yield of grasses grown under pine trees, and botanical composition of woodland pasture. The conditions of the experimental field was south direction with 30% of shade (ca. 70% of full sunlight). Annual DM yield was higher in the plots cut 4 times (6,097 kg) and 3 times (5,953 kg) than in 5 times (5,305 kg $ha^{-1}$). However, it ip considered that total nutrient yields may be not different among 3 treatments. The yield was significantly (P < 0.05) increased with higher cutting height, regardless of cutting time. The 9 cm of stubble height was very effective on both increasing DM production and seasonal distribution of DM. In botanical composition, 3 cm and 6 cm of cutting height accelerated the percentages of bareland and weeds, regardless of cutting time, particularly in summer season. However, 9 cm of stubble height maintained 80-85% of pasture grasses in all cutting times. In this experiment, therefore, cutting height was more important factor than annual cutting times for forage production and pasture longevity, and it is desirable to harvest 4-5 times per year (under this experimental field condition) with 9 cm of stubble height on woodland pasture.