• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.561-564
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• 2009

This study is to examine the possibility of pre-cooling at platform. Through measurement of the thermal environment of Bujeon Subway platforms, review the potential use of ground-water and night purge. The results of this research can improve the thermal environment pre-cooling of the design.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 2015

With the rapid development of modern society, subway has become one of the most typical urban transport systems. Since fire accident occurred at Daegu subway in 2003, importance of life safety and disaster prevention have been widely recognized and many studies have been carried out. As a result of these studies, fire-retardant and non-combustible interior material and platform screen door with passenger guide indication device have been developed, but studies on a subway evacuation criteria have been in a stalemate. Therefore, this study is intended to improve the subway evacuation standard. It is very difficult to take into account whole subway system, so a typological approach to a ticket was carried out referring to previous studies focused on a subway platform. this paper selected the most common subway platforms and estimated evacuation time among 10 platforms from previous studies and 8 from this study. As a result, evacuation time exceeded 6 minutes which is the guideline of existing standard. Therefore, it is necessary to update the standard for evacuation time and add supplementary conditions which can help establishing the measures for safety facilities and prevention measures.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.110-115
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• 2010

Recently the deeply underground tunnels have been increased along the subway railroads of urban area compared to the past subway railroads. The Shin-Gum-Ho subway station (the Fifth lines, the depth : 46m) which is the third among the deep subway stations in the Korea was chosen as the model of deeply underground stations, and attempted to do simulation of fire. This station consists of three entrance, the basement first floor (B1), the basement second floor (B2), the basement eighth floor or platform (B8) and escalators and stairs from B2 to B8. The total number of grid was about 9,000,000 to make simulation of fire and smoke from the platform to entrance in this research, and the grid system was divided into 19 blocks to increase the efficiency of this simulation. The FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulation) was chosen to make the simulation of fire, and the model of turbulent flow was LES (Large Eddy Simulation). Each block is processed in a CPU using parallel processing of MPI (Message Passing Interface). The resource of CPU for this simulation is a ten of Intel 3.0 GHz Dual CPU (20 CPU).

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.50-62
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• 2015

Recently, Subway Line No. 9, described as a 'hell-like' subway for its recorded load factor of max. 240% due to the opening of the 2nd phase extension section, has been causing problems of recurrent congestion in a subway station building. A recurrent congestion in the station building becomes a factor to offend rail users and to reduce the efficiency of railway management. This study aims to establish the methodology for effect evaluation of information provided to rail users, and conducts a gate metering case study considering the congested conditions at a platform among the methodologies for effect evaluation. The metering effect evaluation by load factor was conducted through selecting the micro simulation and pedestrian simulation tool grafting a gate metering. As a result, it was confirmed that, if gate metering is performed, the service level and pedestrian density of a platform by load factor would improve. In other words, if metering is conducted at a platform, it is possible to control the load factor in the waiting space of a platform. Therefore, it was judged through this study that it is possible to set up the index for effect evaluation of information provided to manage congestion of rail users, and establish the methodology for effect evaluation of information provided to rail users through a program.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2008

This study is focused on the numerical predictions of heat and smoke exhaust characteristics in an underground subway station stopping a fire train. Various ventilation operating modes with the fan equipped the platform and tunnels are considered. Distributions of temperature, carbon monoxide and visibility at a height of 1.7 m(breath height) above the platform are analysed for different ventilation fan operation mode. The numerical results show that smoke and heat is rapidly removed through tunnel by operating the tunnels fans. We suggested that during evacuation of passengers is not completed, the ventilation system in the platform is activated. After completion of passenger evacuation tunnel fans are activated but the fans in the platform are stopped.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10c
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• pp.261-263
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• 2005

본 연구는 지하철 역사 내에서 일어나는 사고를 예방하기 위한 역사 내 안전사고 유형 분석을 실시하였다. 지하철 역사 내에 일어나는 사고에 대한 조사를 통해 역사 내 안전사고 유형을 파악하여 안전사고 예방시스템 구현에 활용하고자 한다. 역사 내 사고 유형 분석을 통해 이용승객의 안전성 확보와 승강장 선로에 물건이나 사람이 떨어진 경우 혹은 화재 등의 비상상황발생시 안전시스템을 통해 컴퓨터가 신속히 검지하여 차량과 종합사령실에 알려 차량의 진입을 막아 사전에 피해를 줄이는데 활용할 것이다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 위급상황에 대한 안전시스템 구성에 도움을 줌으로써 사회적으로 귀중한 생명을 보호하며, 경제적으로는 안전사고 발생에 따른 처리 비용과 안전사고에 따른 지하철 운행지연. 운행 중지 등으로 인한 경제적 비용을 절감할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06c
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• pp.427-430
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• 1998

본 논문은 고속철도 역사의 통과구간 설계에 있어서 소음방지에 효과적인 설계안을 검토하기 위하여 7가지의 다양한 대안의 모델을 시뮬레이션하여 그 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 고속열차의 최대 운영속도 300 km/h 기준시 승강장의 허용소음도는 약 91 dB(A) 일 때 이를 만족하는 설계안은 통과구간의 양쪽에 설치하는 방음벽으로는 부족하며 통과구간을 곡면유리로 폐쇄한 터널식의 설계가 허용소음도를 만족하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2012

Installation of screen doors at platform ensures safety of passengers by separating platform from tracks. Besides, it reduces drought and air pressure caused by train conserves heating and cooling energy in the station. In order to guarantee safety of platform screen doors, design considering evaluation of wind pressure requires. In this study, Sosa station, semisealed screen door and EMU are analyzed to estimate the wind pressure of platform screen doors model. Also Sosa station is influenced by climatic condition because it exposed to outside. Therefore, analysis on the wind pressure of platform screen doors is performed under the worst weather condition such as typhoon. The results of analysis, Maximum inside pressure 287 Pa, and consideration of outside pressure as typhoon to the maximum design pressure of 865 Pa 2756.25 Pa conditions approximately 3.1 times the difference can be seen that ensure stability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.37-42
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• 2008

This study is focused on the numerical predictions for different smoke-control ventilation modes for the subway fire. Smoke-control ventilation mode in the domestic platform is that exhausting for the smoke detected zones while supplying air or stopping any ventilation for other zones in the platform. Three cases of smoke control ventilation modes are considered. First and second case are present running smoke control mode in Korea. The third is that smoke-control ventilation fans equipped in the platform are operated in first 4 minute(platform evacuation time, NFPA130) since then the fans equipped in the platform are stopped and the fans equipped in the tunnels are operated. Distributions of heat, carbon monoxide and visible range are compared at a height of 1.7m(passenger breath/sight height) above the platform. The numerical results show that air supply fan operation in the platform causes the smoke disturbance and a rapid spread of the smoke. The switch-operation with fans in both the platform and tunnel are better than operation with only platform fans in smoke rejection efficiency.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.66-72
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• 2008

In this study, transient 3D numerical simulations were performed to analyze the characteristics of fire driven flow for smoke ventilation system operating conditions in the deeply underground subway station. The smoke flow patterns were compared and discussed under smoke fan operating mode and off mode in the platform. Soongsil Univ. station(line number 7)was chosen for simulation which was the one of the deepest underground subway stations in the each lines of Seoul. The geometry for model is 365m in length include railway, 23.5m for width, 47m for depth. Therefore 10,000,000 structured grids were used for fire simulation. The parallel computational method for fast calculation was employed to compute the heat and mass transfer eqn's with 6 CPUs(Intel 3.0GHz Dual CPU, 12Cores) of the linux clustering machine. The fire driven flow was simulated with using FDS code in which LES method was applied. The Heat release rate was 10MW and The Ultrafast model was applied for the growing model of the fire source.