• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.72-84
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for the development of forest therapy programs for subfertile women. This exploratory study identifies the emotional characteristics of subfertile women and the demands for forest therapy according to the emotional characteristics and provides basic data for the development and operation of forest therapy programs. This study surveyed 200 subfertile women who visited a subfertility hospital in Seoul on 33 items of subfertile women's emotional characteristics and requirements of forest therapy programs. We conducted the frequency analysis, cross-analysis, and one-way ANOVA to determine the correlation and importance between the emotional characteristics of subfertile women and the demands for forest therapy programs using the SPSS 21.0 program. Emotional traits of subfertile women included pressure on pregnancy, anxiety/fear, depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, sadness, shame/guilt, impatience/frustration, and anger/hypersensitivity. Of these traits, pressure on pregnancy, depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, sadness, anger/hypersensitivity, and anxiety/fear were particularly high among subfertile women. The demands for forest therapy programs also differed according to the emotional characteristics of subfertile women. There was a significant difference in the operation mode of the subfertile couple's forest therapy program according to the pressure, shame, and guilt of pregnancy. There was a significant difference in the experience of participating in a program according to anxiety and fear and in the reason for not being able to participate in the forest therapy program according to depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, and sadness. There was a significant difference in couples participating the in the forest therapy program according to impatience and frustration. There was a significant difference in the experience of participating in the forest therapy program and the effect of self-help groups through the forest therapy program for subfertile women according to anger and hypersensitivity. We expect that the results of this study would be useful as the reference data for developing forest therapy programs for the improvement of the mental health of subfertile women.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.29-56
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an imagery-focused music listening program for improving emotion regulation among infertile women. For the program development in this study, the literature on emotional issues and coping strategy of infertile women was analyzed to establish theoretical foundation; and the literature on Supportive Music and Imagery (SMI) was analyzed to identify intervention components. Based on the established theoretical framework, the program was developed and finalized after evaluation of validity by four SMI professionals. The developed program was found to systematically target changes in emotions in the step-wise process of discovery, reinforcement, and affirmation of positive emotional resources. The list of music for future use was also identified and presented after systematic analysis of musical features in relation to valence and arousal of emotions. The imagery-focused music listening program was an initial approach to infertile women with SMI, which indicates the possibility of extended application for broadened clinical population.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.171-183
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of infertile women on the use of the national support program that provides medical expense aid to infertile couples. Methods: Thirty Korean infertile women participated in five focus groups. Data were collected from January to August 2014. After obtaining permission from the participants, each session of the focus group was audio-taped and transcribed. The responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The main themes identified from the sessions with the participants were "feeling thankful for the reliable support program," "feeling happy or unhappy," "enduring inconveniences," and "hoping for a more comprehensive support service." Although most of the participants perceived the benefits of the national support service positively, they stated that the service was not comprehensive because it did not cover all the medical expenses for tests and other medical treatments. Conclusion: The benefits given to infertile couples by the program should be increased by covering all the medical expenses, expanding its criteria to include more eligible candidates, and by including special leave benefits for working women. Furthermore, it is essential to take measures for infertility prevention at the individual and national policy levels.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.317-323
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effect of somatic symptoms between depression and resilience of women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. The data were collected by structured questionnaire from 97 infertile women who were receiving assisted reproductive techniques in clinic for fertility treatment. There was a significant correlation among depression, somatic symptoms and resilience. Somatic symptoms had a complete mediating effect(${\beta}=.73$, p< .001) on the relationship between depression and resilience(Z=6.32, p< .001). And impact of influence was 53%. Based on the findings of this study, it was found that the development and application of somatic symptoms management program for improving resilience should be needed for nursing women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques in the clinical setting.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2019

Purpose: To determine effects of irrational parenthood cognition, family support, and resilience on depression in infertile women. Methods: Subjects were 118 infertile women who agreed to participate in this study. Data were collected from April 16 to July 31, 2018. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation and multiple regression with SPSS WIN 23.0 program. Results: Depression significantly differed according to the burden of treatment cost and presence of people giving stress. Depression showed significantly positive correlation with irrational parenthood cognition and significantly negative correlations with family support and resilience. Factors affecting depression were irrational parenthood cognition, family support, and resilience. Irrational parenthood cognition had the greatest effect on depression. These three variables explained 35.8% of total variance. Conclusion: Irrational parenthood cognition, family support, and resilience affected depression of infertile women, with irrational parenthood cognition having the greatest effect. Therefore, it is important to develop and implement programs that can reduce irrational parenthood cognition and increase family support and resilience in order to lower depression of infertile women. The authors declared no conflict of interest.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2019

Purpose: To compare reproductive health promoting behaviors (RHPBs) of infertile women with those of normal women and identify effects of RHPB on infertility. Methods: A total of 148 females (73 infertile women and 75 normal women) were enrolled in this study. Measurements included their general characteristics and RHPB using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test, ANCOVA, and hierarchical logistic regression using SPSS. Results: There were significant difference in incomes, number of family, number of term deliveries, and number of abortions according to infertility diagnosis. Mean duration of infertility was 32.16 months. Only 12.32% women had known cause of infertility. The most common cause of infertility was unknown. Mean RHPB score was 3.98 for infertile women and 4.41 for normal women. In logistic regression, total RHPB (odds ratio [OR], 0.21) and safe sex of RHPB (OR, 0.66) were significant factors influencing infertility. Infertile women's total RHPB and subcategories of RHPB (safe sex behavior and sexual transmitted disease [STD] prevention) were lower than those of normal women. Conclusion: For infertility women, RHPB-related intervention programs are needed, especially information about safe sex behavior and STD prevention.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship among infertility stress, depression and Resilience of infertile women during infertility treatment. Methods: As a descriptive study, we surveyed 129 infertile women in 1 fertility center from November 2014 to January 2015. The data was analyzed in SPSS WIn 18.0 program. Results: Infertility stress, depression, and resilience averaged $3.23{\pm}.32$ (range of scale 1~6), $1.42{\pm}.39$ (range of scale 1~4), and $3.45{\pm}.35$ (range of scale 1~5), respectively. There was significant difference in infertility stress by job, abortion experience after pregnancy with infertility treatments, anxiety of high risk pregnancy, burden of pregnancy, important of having child. There was significant difference in depression by job, Economy burden on infertility treatment, burden of pregnancy. Infertility stress had a positive correlation with depression (r=.192. p<.029) Resilience had a negative correlation with depression (r=-.349. p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to provide infertile women with the counseling on their infertility stress and depression, and the intervention programs for infertile women is expected to help them cope and adapt with their personal and marital problems, reduce their negative emotions, and thus promote their quality of life.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting on infertility-related quality of life in women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques focusing on depression and resilience. Methods: With correlational survey design, 125 infertile women who were receiving inpatient and outpatient treatment in K university hospital in D city completed a structured questionnaire. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between depression and resilience and between the depression and the quality of life. There was a significant positive correlation between resilience and the quality of life. The factors affecting on infertility-related quality of life were depression, burden of expenses, and relationship with husband which explained 48% in the quality of life. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop and apply nursing programs that include individual counseling and education for infertile couple. Social support including financial support and better environment for these women will be also essential.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined degrees of irrational parenthood cognition, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), spousal support, and quality of life and investigated factors that influence the quality of life of infertile women. Methods: Research design was a cross sectional correlational survey with a total of 113 female patients receiving treatment for infertility. Data were collected from August 1 to November 30, 2015. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of the quality of life was $59.0{\pm}14.8$. The quality of life was significantly associated with irrational parenthood cognition (r=-.70), post traumatic stress disorder (r=-.65), and spousal support (r=.56). The factors significantly affecting the quality of life in infertile women were irrational parenthood cognition (${\beta}=-.45$), post traumatic stress disorder (${\beta}=-.34$), and spousal support (${\beta}=-.32$). The explained variance by these factors was 70.4%, and the regression model was valid (F=89.81, p<.001). Conclusion: This study may contribute to the development of nursing intervention program to improve the quality of life of infertile women.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.537-549
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• 2017

This purpose of this study was to investigate self-esteem, body image and depression in infertile women and to identify factors influencing depression. There were statistically significant difference in self-esteem on variables such as age, education, occupation, pressure of treatment cost. There were statistically significant difference in body image on variables such as period of marriage, education, pressure of treatment cost. There were statistically significant difference in depression on variables such as age, education, family structure, pressure of treatment cost. Self-esteem was positively correlated with body image(r=.688, p=.000). Depression was negatively correlated with self-esteem(r=-.710, p=.000) and body image(r=-.526, p=.000). Factors influencing depression were self-esteem(b=-0.66, p=.000), Living with parents-in-law(b=-7.92, p=.001), and age over 40 years(b=-1.72, p=.033), which explained 63.5%.