• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.398-398
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• 2011

CIGS/CdS/i-ZnO의 hetero junction으로 구성된 CIGS 태양전지는 적색광 광전류-전압 곡선특성이 백색광 곡선에 비해 크게 왜곡된다. 이는 CdS층의 광흡수에 따른 광전도도의 변화가 pn junction의 에너지밴드구조를 변화시키기 때문으로 알려져 있고, 그 정도는 CdS의 deep level acceptor 트랩의 존재와 같은 CdS 박막의 특성과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 백색광과 적색광에 의한 광전류-전압 특성의 차이로부터 CdS 및 CdS/CIGS 계면의 전기, 전자적특성을 평가할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 특히, 백색광에 비해 적색광에서는 온도가 내려갈수록 광전류-전압의 왜곡이 훨씬 심해지는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 왜곡현상은 광세기에 의한 영향은 거의 없고, 백색광과 적색광의 광스펙트럼의 변화에 의해 나타났으며, CdS의 blue photon 흡수 여부와 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. CIGS 태양전지는 CdS 증착을 전후로 한 열처리가 광전압을 향상시키는 것으로 알려져 있으므로, 본 연구에서는 그러한 열처리에 의한 CdS/CIGS 계면의 특성 변화를 백색광, 적색광에 의한 저온 광전류-전압 특성 측정을 통하여 분석하였다. 열처리는 CdS를 증착한 후 $100^{\circ}C$ 부터 $250^{\circ}C$ 까지 $50^{\circ}C$ 간격으로 진행하였고, 전류-전압 특성은 100K 부터 300K 까지 10K 간격으로 측정하였다. 백색광, 적색광 저온 광전류-전압 특성의 변화를 열처리에 다른 태양전지 셀효율과 비교 분석하였다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

In this study, a system to measure continuously the fuel concentration in a steady flow rig on the basis of Rayleigh scattering is presented. The system can be employed to measure both the temporal and the spatial distribution. Also, it is possible to calibrate the system for the measurement of accurate absolute concentration. Firstly, the system was tested at a calibration chamber for the determination of scattering cross section from propane, butane, acetylene, Freon-12 and Genetron 143a. After this, the system was adapted to a steady flow rig to measure the temporal and spatial fuel concentration. The rig is composed of cylinder head, intake manifold, injector, and transparent cylinder which can simulate internal combustion engine. To cope with the interference of Mie scattering, which is main obstacle of the measuring concentration with Rayleigh scattering, a hardware filter was installed for reducing the number density of particles. Furthermore a software filter was developed, which is based on the rise time and the time constant of the photomultiplier-amplifier system. In addition, background noisy was reduced by adjusting the optical array and applying the pin hall and beam trap. The results show that LRS can provide useful information about concentration field and the software filter is very effective method to remove Mie interference.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 2022

With the rapid development of ultra-small and wearable device technology, continuous electricity supply without spatiotemporal limitations for driving electronic devices is required. Accordingly, Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which utilizes static electricity generated by the contact and separation of two different materials, is being used as a means of effectively harvesting various types of energy dispersed without complex processes and designs due to its simple principle. However, to apply the TENG to real life, it is necessary to increase the electrical output. In addition, stable generation of electrical output, as well as increase in electrical output, is a task to be solved for the commercialization of TENG. In this study, we proposed a method to not only improve the output of TENG but also to stably represent the improved output. This was solved by using the contact layer, which is one of the components of TENG, as an electret for improved output and stability. The utilized electret was manufactured by sequentially performing corona charging-thermal annealing-corona charging on the Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film. Electric charges artificially injected due to corona charging enter a deep trap through the thermal annealing, so an electret that minimizes charge escape was fabricated and used in TENG. The output performance of the manufactured electret was verified by measuring the voltage output of the TENG in vertical contact separation mode, and the electret treated to the corona charging showed an output voltage 12 times higher than that of the pristine FEP film. The time and humidity stability of the electret was confirmed by measuring the output voltage of the TENG after exposing the electret to a general external environment and extreme humidity environment. In addition, it was shown that it can be applied to real-life by operating the LED by applying an electret to the clap-TENG with the motif of clap.