• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.789-802
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• 2007

This study investigated pre-service elementary teachers' understanding of the basic concepts of and their attitudes toward astronomy in Korea and Japan. The survey instrument called the Astronomy Diagnostic lest (ADT) that was developed by the Collaboration for Astronomy Education Research (CAER) in 1998 was used and modified to tailor to the two countries' contexts, including 12 items written in the two languages, Korean and Japanese. The attitudes toward astronomy were examined by the Survey of Attitudes toward Astronomy (SATA), which was developed by Zeilik et al. in 1999. Cronbach's alpha of this sample of the study was 0.69, while the reliability of SATA was 0.87. All the pre-service elementary teachers in both Korea and Japan showed a low-level understanding of the basic concepts of astronomy. 38% of Korean pre-service elementary teachers had correct answers to the questions regarding the basic conceptions of astronomy, while 37% of Japanese participants had correct answers to them. Although there was no statistically significant difference between Korean and Japanese pre-service elementary teachers, Korean teachers scored higher than Japanese participants in SATA. A significant difference, however, was revealed in the categories of cognitive competence and value of the attitudes toward astronomy (p <.05). In addition, it was found that both Korean and Japanese pre-service elementary teachers scored less than 40% about the basic concepts of astronomy and that they obtained lower scores than the US college students with regard to the attitudes toward astronomy.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.37-52
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• 2011

Supply chain management is a strategic thinking which enhances the value of supply chain and adapts more promptly for the changing environment. For the seamless partnership and value creation in supply chains, information and knowledge sharing and proper partner selection criteria must be applied. Thus, the partner selection criteria are critical to maintain product quality and reliability. Each part of a product is supplied by an appropriate supply partner. The criteria for selecting partners are technological capability, quality, price, consistency, etc. In reality, the criteria for partner selection may change according to the characteristics of the components. When the part is a core component, quality factor is the top priority compared to the price. For a standardized component, lower price has a higher priority. Sometimes, unexpected case occurs such as emergency order in which the preference may shift on the top. Thus, SCM partner selection criteria must be determined dynamically according to the characteristics of part and its context. The purpose of this research is to develop an OWL model for the supply chain partnership depending on its context and characteristics of the parts. The uncertainty of variable is tackled through fuzzy logic. The parts with preference of numerical value and context are represented using OWL. Part preference is converted into fuzzy membership function using fuzzy logic. For the ontology reasoning, SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) is applied. For the implementation of proposed model, starter motor of an automobile is adopted. After the fuzzy ontology is constructed, the process of selecting preference-based supply partner for each part is presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10c
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• pp.514-516
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• 2004

위성의 개발을 위해서는 오랜 개발기간과 많은 예산, 축적된 기술이 요구된다. 또한 위성에는 다양한 분야의 기술이 사용되어지기 때문에 각 서브시스템마다 독자적인 개발환경을 구축할 필요가 있다. 특히 위성의 찌어. 임무수행 및 지상과의 통신 등을 담당하는 탑재소프트웨어는 위성의 용도 및 목적에 따라 개발환경이 크게 달라진다. 실시간 운영체제는 무엇을 사용하는지, 개발 및 검증을 위한 도구로 어떤 프로그램을 사용하는지, 내외부의 인터페이스는 어떠한 방식으로 수행할지, 새로운 기능의 CPU나 하드웨어에 대한 제어 등 위성의 탑재소프트웨어를 개발하기 위해서는 많은 검토 항목들이 고려되어야 한다. 새로운 위성을 개발할 경우 신기술의 적용과 새로운 시스템위성시스템의 검증 및 개발을 위한 개발검증장비가 요if되며, 위성시스템의 변경 때마다 개발검증장비를 새로이 구축하게 되면 많은 기간과 막대한 비용이 위성개발 시마다 소요된다. 위성선진국에서는 다양한 위성의 개발 시 비용절감 및 개발기간 단축을 위하여 범용위성용 개발검증장비를 개발하여 이용하고 있는 추세이다. 국내에서는 다목적실용위성 1호가 발사되어 성공적으로 임무를 수행하고 있으며 다목 실용위성 2호가 개발되어 현재 통합 및 조립시험이 진행 중이다. 그러나 새로운 위성시스템의 사전 검증 및 신기술의 적용을 위한 범용위성 시스템 테스트베드에 대한 기술은 미비한 실정이다. 이러한 범용위성용 개발검증장비의 기반기술을 확보하기 위하며 현재 위성전자전산시스템 개발검증장비에 대한 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 수행되고 있는 PowerPC를 이용한 위성 탑재소프트웨어 개발검증시스템의 설계 및 개발현황에 대하여 소개한다.이스는 실험정보가 저장된 데이터베이스, 분석결과가 저장된 데이터베이스, 그리고 유전자 정보 탐색을 위한 데이터베이스로 분류해 데이터를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있게 하였다. 본 시스템은 LiNUX를 운영체계로 하고 데이터베이스는 MYSQL로 하여 JSP, Perl. 통계처리 언어인 R로 구현되었다.프트웨어를 사용하지 않고도 국내의 순수 솔루션인 리눅스 기반의 LonWare 3.0 다중 바인딩 기능을 통해 저 비용으로 홈 네트워크 구성 관리 서버 시스템 개발에 대한 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 기대된다.e 함량이 대체로 높게 나타났다. 점미가 수가용성분에서 goucose대비 용출함량이 고르게 나타나는 경향을 보였고 흑미는 알칼리가용분에서 glucose가 상당량(0.68%) 포함되고 있음을 보여주었고 arabinose(0.68%), xylose(0.05%)도 다른 종류에 비해서 다량 함유한 것으로 나타났다. 흑미는 총식이섬유 함량이 높고 pectic substances, hemicellulose, uronic acid 함량이 높아서 콜레스테롤 저하 등의 효과가 기대되며 고섬유식품으로서 조리 특성 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.리하였다. 얻어진 소견(所見)은 다음과 같았다. 1. 모년령(母年齡), 임신회수(姙娠回數), 임신기간(姙娠其間), 출산시체중등(出産時體重等)의 제요인(諸要因)은 주산기사망(周産基死亡)에 대(對)하여 통계적(統計的)으로 유의(有意)한 영향을 미치고 있어 $25{\sim}29$세(歲)의 연령군에서, 2번째 임신과 2번째의 출산에서 그리고 만삭의 임신 기간에, 출산시체중(出産時體重) $3.50{\sim}3.99kg$사이의 아이에

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10c
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• pp.631-633
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 유비쿼터스 홈 네트워킹 환경에서 사용자의 위치 이동을 실시간 추적하고 가정 내 주거 활동의 편의를 제공하는 정보가전기기들을 제어할 수 있는 능동형 홈 서비스 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 다계층의 분산시스템 환경으로 구성된다. 즉, 물리 센서와 정보가전기기 등이 존재하는 물리층과 유/무선 지원 인터넷/인트라넷 통신 플랫폼을 포함하는 시스템층, 그리고 물리적 장치들로부터 시스템층을 통해 들어오는 정보를 처리하는 응용층으로 구성되며 실 생활 공간 및 시간을 응용 시뮬레이션 환경으로 반영시킨다. 능동형 홈 서비스 시스템의 개발 목적은 실버아파트에서 독거노인의 위치기반 건강관리 정보 서비스 및 아파트 내 정보가전기기들의 맞춤형 제어를 제공하기 위함이다. 이와 같은 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 홈 네트워크 내에서 사용자의 이동 위치를 파악하는 실시간 위치추적 기술과 정보가전기기들의 동작을 실시간 제어하기 위한 기술이 요구된다. 제안한 시스템에서는 UC at Irine의 DREAM Lab.에서 개발한 TMO(Time-triggered Message -triggered Objecl) 스킴을 적용하여 각 물리 센서와 정보가전기기들을 응용의 구성요소로 개발했다. 이를 통해 가정 내에 이동하는 TMO로 매핑된 이동객체를 추적하고 또한 홍 네트워크로 연결된 정보가전기기들을 정보가전 TMO 동작객체로 매핑하여 이들 사이의 능동적인 상호동작을 통해 맞춤형 서비스 및 실시간 제어가 가능하도록 했다. 마지막으로, 실시간 위치추적 및 정보가전제어 응용 시뮬레이션을 통해 능동형 홈 서비스 시스템을 구성하는 개별 동작객체들의 기능성과 수행성을 검증했다.황에 대하여 소개한다.이스는 실험정보가 저장된 데이터베이스, 분석결과가 저장된 데이터베이스, 그리고 유전자 정보 탐색을 위한 데이터베이스로 분류해 데이터를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있게 하였다. 본 시스템은 LiNUX를 운영체계로 하고 데이터베이스는 MYSQL로 하여 JSP, Perl. 통계처리 언어인 R로 구현되었다.프트웨어를 사용하지 않고도 국내의 순수 솔루션인 리눅스 기반의 LonWare 3.0 다중 바인딩 기능을 통해 저 비용으로 홈 네트워크 구성 관리 서버 시스템 개발에 대한 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 기대된다.e 함량이 대체로 높게 나타났다. 점미가 수가용성분에서 goucose대비 용출함량이 고르게 나타나는 경향을 보였고 흑미는 알칼리가용분에서 glucose가 상당량(0.68%) 포함되고 있음을 보여주었고 arabinose(0.68%), xylose(0.05%)도 다른 종류에 비해서 다량 함유한 것으로 나타났다. 흑미는 총식이섬유 함량이 높고 pectic substances, hemicellulose, uronic acid 함량이 높아서 콜레스테롤 저하 등의 효과가 기대되며 고섬유식품으로서 조리 특성 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.리하였다. 얻어진 소견(所見)은 다음과 같았다. 1. 모년령(母年齡), 임신회수(姙娠回數), 임신기간(姙娠其間), 출산시체중등(出産時體重等)의 제요인(諸要因)은 주산기사망(周産基死亡)에 대(對)하여 통계적(統計的)으로 유의(有意)한 영향을 미치고 있어 $25{\sim}29$세(歲)의 연령군에서, 2번째 임신과 2번째의 출산에서 그리고 만삭의 임신 기간에, 출산시체중(出産時體重) $3.50{\

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.367-378
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• 2015

This study was directed at the design of a hybrid algorithm for competition relation extraction. Previous works on relation extraction have relied on various lexical and deep parsing indicators and mostly utilize only the machine learning method. We present a new algorithm integrating machine learning with various filtering methods. Some simple but useful features for competition relation extraction are also introduced, and an optimum feature set is proposed. The goal of this paper was to increase the precision of competition relation extraction by combining supervised learning with various filtering methods. Filtering methods were employed for classifying compete relation occurrence, using distance restriction for the filtering of feature pairs, and classifying whether or not the candidate entity pair is spam. For evaluation, a test set consisting of 2,565 sentences was examined. The proposed method was compared with the rule-based method and general relation extraction method. As a result, the rule-based method achieved positive precision of 0.812 and accuracy of 0.568, while the general relation extraction method achieved 0.612 and 0.563, respectively. The proposed system obtained positive precision of 0.922 and accuracy of 0.713. These results demonstrate that the developed method is effective for competition relation extraction.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 1993

We evaluated the usefulness of $^{99m}Tc$-HMPAO SPECT in 21 Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured intracranial aneurysm and in 3 patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm. SPECT study could detect the bilaterally hypoperfused cases in 10 patients (48%), but CT/MRI showed the bilateral abnormalities in only 3 patients (14%). The number of abnormal lesions were 56 in SPECT and 25 in CT/MRI. The lesions found in SPECT were well correlated with the neurological signs of the patients such as aphasia or hemiplegia. SPECT study during Matas test was helpful in evaluating the risk for carotid artery occlusion therapy. We thought that $^{99m}Tc$-HMPAO brain SPECT is helpful in evaluating the functional changes in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.371-384
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• 2011

Three experiments were carried out to examine how LED lighting hues influence to the rating and recognition of affective stimuli. In Experiment 1 and 2, IAPS affective pictures were used and an affective rating(valence and arousal) task and a recognition memory task were conducted under red, green, blue, and white hue LED lightings in Experiment 1 and cyan, magenta, yellow, and white ones in Experiment 2, respectively. In Experiment 3, affective words were used and the same two tasks were conducted under red, green, blue, and white hue LED lightings. According to the results of affective rating tasks, when primary hues(RGB) were used, red LED lighting elicited an excitement at the arousal dimension and green LED lighting evoked pleasantness at the valence one. When secondary hues(CMY) were used, magenta and cyan showed the similar but weaker patterns of responses comparing to red and green. The results of recognition memory task showed that the responses to the picture stimuli presented at green and cyan hue lightings tended to be a bit faster comparing to the stimuli presented at the other conditions but the difference was insignificant. In Experiment 3, however, recognition memory responses to the affective words presented at green hue lighting were faster significantly. These results indicate that warm colors like red and magenta elicit unpleasantness or excitement while cool colors like green and cyan evoke pleasantness or relaxation, and the primary hues provoke more positive or negative affectivity than secondary ones do. Particularly, the result of recognition memory task in Experiment 3 suggests that green hue LED lighting might be advantageous at the memory performance of language stimuli rather than visual ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.110-118
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• 2002

The element free Galerkin method has been suggested by Belyschko, etc. it is applied for linear elastic analysis of solid problems and its convergence characteristics and stability are shown according to the weight function, influence domain and scattered points. The various numerical examples are performed to check the efficiency of 1D EFG and 2D EFG program by changing factors. As a result it have the best results when it used the cubic spline weight function and the scaling parameter d$_{max}$=2. These programs were developed by mixed language programming method using Visual Basic and the C language. so it is fast and efficient. and visually shown the result.t.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.699-707
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• 2020

With the development of deep learning technology, voice processing-related technology is applied to various areas, such as STT (Speech To Text), TTS (Text To Speech), ChatBOT, and intelligent personal assistant. In particular, the STT is a voice-based, relevant service that changes human languages to text, so it can be applied to various IT related services. Recently, many places, such as general private enterprises and public institutions, are attempting to introduce the relevant technology. On the other hand, in contrast to the general IT solution that can be evaluated quantitatively, the standard and methods of evaluating the accuracy of the STT engine are ambiguous, and they do not consider the characteristics of the Korean language. Therefore, it is difficult to apply the quantitative evaluation standard. This study aims to provide a guide to an evaluation of the STT engine conversion performance based on the characteristics of the Korean language, so that engine manufacturers can perform the STT conversion based on the characteristics of the Korean language, while the market could perform a more accurate evaluation. In the experiment, a 35% more accurate evaluation could be performed compared to the existing methods.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.569-579
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• 2016

In order to ensure the stability of tunnel portal slope, reinforcement method such as anchors, soil nails and rock bolts have been used in Korea. When selecting slope reinforcement methods in tunnel portal area such as reinforcement arrangement and length, trial and error method can be very time-consuming and it was also not easy to verify the selection of an optimum condition. In this study, using the FISH language embedded in the finite difference code FLAC3D program, the optimization technique was developed with the Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA). After building a database on the soil nailing method in tunnel portal area, this system can be selected to an optimum arrangement plan based on the factor of safety through the FLAC3D analysis. Through the results of numerical analysis, it was confirmed that the number of analysis was decreased by about 8 times when DEA based optimization technique was used compared to the full combination (FC). In case of the design of slope reinforcement in tunnel portal area, if this built-system is used, it is expected that the selection of an optimum arrangement plan can be relatively easier.