• Title/Summary/Keyword: 억제선량

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Doses of Electron Beam and X-ray Irradiation for Inhibition of Development and Reproduction in Four Insect Pests (4종 해충의 발육과 생식에 대한 전자빔과 X-ray의 억제선량)

  • Yun, Seung-Hwan;Kim, Minjun;Kim, Hyunah;Lee, Seon-Woo;Yoo, Dae Hyun;Kim, Hyun Kyung;Koo, Hyun-Na;Kim, Gil-Hah
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.53 no.4
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    • pp.391-398
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    • 2014
  • This study investigated inhibitory doses of electron beam and X-ray irradiation by comparing their effects on the development and reproduction of four insect pests (Myzus persicae, Tetranychus urticae, Liriomyza trifolii, and Frankliniella intonsa). When M. persicae nymphs were irradiated with 100 Gy of electron beam and 30 Gy of X-ray beam, offspring production by adults that developed from the treated nymphs was completely inhibited. When M. persicae adults were irradiated with 200 Gy of electron beam and 50 Gy of X-ray beam, emergence of the $F_1$ generation was inhibited. However, these two ionizing radiations did not affect adult longevity. When T. urticae eggs were irradiated with 150 Gy of electron beam and 50 Gy of X-ray beam, egg hatching was completely inhibited. When L. trifolii pupae were irradiated, the emergence rate decreased with increasing doses of X-ray irradiation. After F. intonsa adults were irradiated with 250 Gy of electron beam and 200 Gy of X-ray beam, egg hatching of the $F_1$ generation was completely suppressed.

Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Development of Wound Periderm, Solanine Content, and the Formation of Carbonyl Compounds in Potato Tubers (방사선(放射線) 조사(照射)가 감자 괴경(塊莖)의 치유조직형성(治癒組織形成), Solanine 함량(含量) 및 Carbonyl 화합물(化合物)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Mie-Soon;Kim, Hong-Lyour;Jeong, Jee-Bong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.65-69
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    • 1973
  • Effect of various dosages of gamma ray ranging from 0 to 16 krad on wound periderm formation was investigated with aging potato tuber slices $(1cm{\times}2mm)$ under aseptic condition. Cell division was gradually inhibited with increasing dosage, and completely prevented with 16 krad treatment. Solanine content was not significantly different due to dosages. Gas chromatographic separation of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone precipitate from radiation-induced carbonyl compounds in potato tubers showed that formaldehyde and acetone tended to be increased only with high dosages.

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Detection of Irradiated Potato and Garlic by Thermoluminescence Measurement (Thermoluminescence 측정에 의한 감자와 마늘의 방사선 조사유무 확인)

  • Chung, Hyung-Wook;Kwon, Joong-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.283-287
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    • 1998
  • Potato and garlic irradiated with gamma ray and electron beam at sprout-inhibition doses, 0.15 and 0.30 kGy were subjected to the detection whether they are irradiated or not by measuring thermoluminescence(TL) for the minerals adhering to the samples. Minerals extracted from the samples showed a high correlation coefficients between absorbed doses and corresponding TL responses. Nonirradiated samples, however, did not exhibit characteristic TL glowcurves. Major glowcurve peaks were observed at 200 to $260^{\circ}C$ in all irradiated samples. TL intensity was proportional to irradiated doses, but it varied with the samples tested even at the same dose. It can be concluded from the results that detection of irradiated potato and garlic is possible by measuring TL for extracted minerals from the unknown samples.

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Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Sprout Inhibition and Nutritive Value of Potato Tubers (방사선(放射線) 조사(照射)가 감자 괴경(塊莖)의 맹아억제(萌芽抑制) 및 영양가(營養價)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Mie-Soon;Kim, Hong-Lyour
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.29-35
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    • 1972
  • Effects of various dosages of gamma ray ranging from 0 to 16 krad on sprout inhibition and nutritive value of potato tubers were investigated with Irish Cobbler variety. Sprout growth was gradually suppressed with increasing dosage, and completely inhibited with 16 krad treatment. Under this optimum dosage, weight loss of tubers was markedly reduced and tubers kept firm throughout the 2 month storage period. Irradiation had no adverse effects on the cooking quality of potato tubers. Moisture content of stored potato tubers was shown to be in inverse proportion to sprout growth. Tubers treated with 16 krad tended to contain somewhat higher percentage of total carbohydrate than those treated with lower dosages. Significantly larger amounts of ascorbic acid were retained in 8 and 16 krad treatments than in 0 and 2 krad treatments.

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Chemical Changes in Garlic Bulbs Resulting from Ionizing Energy Treatment at Sprout-Inhibition Dose (발아억제 선량의 전리에너지가 마늘의 성분변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Kwon, Joong-Ho;Yoon, Hyung-Sik;Byun, Myung-Woo;Cho, Han-Ok
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.147-153
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    • 1988
  • An assessment of the nutritional aspects on irradiated garlic bulbs, stored for 10 months at low$(3{\pm}1^{\circ}C,\;75{\sim}85%\;R.H.)$ and room$(12{\pm}5^{\circ}C,\;75{\sim}85%\;R.H.)$, was performed by means of investigations on the changes in some chemical composition. Ionizing energy treatment at 0.1kGy gamma-ray brought about no significant changes in the moisture content of stored garlic, but it contributed to the reduction of the changes in total available carbohydrate content of stored garlic. After 8 months of storage, the content of free sugars was significantly higher in nonirradiated garlic than in irradiated garlic, especially in low temperature storage. The 0.1kGy irradiation at the sprout-inhibition dose had no apparent effect on the content of ascorbic acid in stored garlic, and sulfurcontaining amino acids appeared to be little affected by the irradiation at 0.1kGy, even though there were some sensitive amino acids like glutamic and aspartic acids.

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Analysis of Lymphocyte Subsets in Peripheral Blood after Radiotherapy (악성 종양 환자에서 방사선 치료 전, 후의 림프구 아형 분석)

  • Choi, Young-Min;Kim, Jeung-Kee;Lee, Hyun-Sik;Hur, Won-Joo;Kim, Jung-Man
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.229-236
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    • 1996
  • Purpose : To evaluate the changes of differential counts and lymphocyte subsets in cancer patients' leukocyte before and after radiotherapy. Materials and Methods : From Dec. 1994 to Mar 1995, the changes of leukocyte and its subsets in 16 patients who received radiotherapy in the Dept. of Radiation Oncology of Dong-A University Hospital were investigated. Radiation was delivered from 2700 cGy to 6660 cGy with median dose of 5400 cGy. The results of pre- and Post-radiotherapy were analyzed by paired T-test. The results of patients Who received < 50 Gy and $\geq$ 50 Gy were analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Results : Before and after radiotherapy, there was not any significant differences in the counts of leukocyte, granulocyte and monocyte. A remarkable decrease was noted in lymphocyte counts after radiotherapy(p=0.015). T cells, B cells and natural killer cells were also decreased in number after radiotherapy but it was not significant statistically. 1 helper cells and T suppressor cells were also decreased in number(p>0.05). The ratio of T helper/suppressor cell was decreased from 1.52 to 1, 11 and it was significant statistically(p=0.016). The portion of T suppressor cell among all T cells was increased after radiotherapy (p=0.0195). No significant difference was observed in the analysis of leukocyte and its subsets between patients who received < 50 Gy and $\geq$ 50 Gy, Conclusion : Radiotherapy caused remarkable decrease in lymphocyte count and its subsets. Among all lymphocyte subsets, T helper cell might be the most vulnerable to radiation, considering decreased ratio of T helper/suppressor cell count after radiotherapy.

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Control of Botrytis cinerea and Postharvest Quality of Cut Roses by Electron Beam Irradiation (전자빔 조사에 따른 잿빛곰팡이병원균 방제효과와 절화 장미의 수확 후 품질)

  • Kwon, Song;Choi, Gyung Ja;Kim, Ki Sun;Kwon, Hye Jin
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.507-516
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    • 2014
  • The present study was conducted to determine the effect of electron beam irradiation on control of Botrytis cinerea and postharvest quality of cut roses. Electron beam doses of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2, 10, and 20 kGy were applied with a 10-MeV linear electron beam accelerator (EB Tech, Korea). Electron beams inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea with increasing irradiation doses. Conidia of B. cinerea were more tolerant to irradiation than were mycelia: the effective irradiation doses for 50% inhibition ($ED_{50}$) of spore germination and mycelial growth were 2.02 kGy and 0.89 kGy, respectively. In addition, electron beam irradiation was more effective in reducing mycelial growth of B. cinerea at $10^{\circ}C$ than at $20^{\circ}C$. Analysis of in vivo antifungal activity revealed that elevated irradiation doses exhibited increased control efficacy for tomato gray mold. Flower longevity and fresh weight of cut roses decreased when the irradiation dose was increased. In addition, flower bud opening tended to be inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Although 'Decoration', 'Il se Bronze', 'Queen Bee', and 'Revue' roses tolerated and maintained overall postharvest quality up to 0.4 kGy, 'Vivian' did not, demonstrating that the irradiation sensitivity of cut roses varies according to cultivar.

Effects of Water Soaking and Gamma Irradiation on Storage Quality of Chestnuts (수침 및 감마선 처리가 밤의 저장특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 권중호;이정은;이새봄;정헌식;최종욱
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2001
  • The effects of water soaking and gamma irradiation on the storage quality of chestnuts (Castanea crenata) were investigated. Chestnuts weirs soaked in water for 48 hrs at room temperature, irradiated at 0, 0.15, 0.25 and 0.35 kGy of $\^$60/Co gamma ray, and then stored at 0$\^{C}$ and 95$\pm$2% RH for 9 months. Spouting was observed at the end of storage only in chestnuts that were soaked and irradiated at below 0.25 kGy. Rotting was found from the early stage of storage in all pre-treatment conditions, but the rotting rate of soaked chestnuts was higher twice than unsoaked ones after 9 months of storage. Weight loss was lower in soaked than unseated samples regardless of irradiation dose. Loss of flesh firmness was appreciably retarded as irradiation dose increased. Total sugar content decreased slowly in irradiated samples at the later periods of storage. Gamma irradiation resulted in the decrease of vitamin C content immediately after treatment, but retarded its loss rate during storage. Soluble tannin content was not affected by gamma irradiation at scout inhibition doses.

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Responses of Transgenic Tobacco Plants Expressing Sweet Potato Peroxidases to Gamma Radiation (감마선에 대한 고구마 Peroxidase 형질전환 담배식물체의 반응)

  • 윤병욱;이행순;권석윤;김재성;곽상수
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.265-269
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    • 1999
  • Transgenic tobacco plants expressing either a sweet potato anionic peroxidase (POD) (swpal) or neutral POD (swpnl) were irradiated by gamma radiation, and the gamma radiation-induced biochemical changes in antioxidant enzymes and plant growth inhibition were investigated at 30 days after treatment. Gamma radiation significantly inhibited the growth of all plants regardless of transgenic or nontransformed plants, showing a dose-dependent inhibition. In high dosage of 50 and 70 Gy, plant heights were severely retarded and new leaves does not emerged. No significant changes in antioxidant enzymes such as POD, superoxide dismutase and catalase were observed in all plants regardless of irradiation dosages ranging from 10 to 50 Gy. These results suggest that sweet potato PODs may be not involved in the protection against the oxidative stress induced by gamma radiation.

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