• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.6
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• pp.23-55
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• 2002

이 논문의 목적은 수없이 많은 독일어 동사들 가운데 사람의 심리-감정을 표현하는 동사, 소위 감정동사(Emotionsverben: Verben der Gefuhlsbewegung)를 하나의 어휘-의미장(lexikalisch-semantisches Feld)으로 보고 이들의 통사구조 및 의미구조를 파악하여 결합가 모형화 하는 것이다. 우리는 감정동사의 통사 구조 및 의미구조를 기술하기 위해 동사 중심의 결합가 이론과 격이론을 이론적$\cdot$방법론적 토대로 삼았다. 또한 우리는 감정동사를 보충어의 수와 형태에 따라 크게 세 가지 그룹, 즉 2개의 보충어를 갖는 그룹 I(이 그룹에 속하는 동사들은 무생물(사물)을 주어로 갖는다)과 그룹 II(이 그룹에 속하는 동사들은 유생물(사람)을 주어로 갖는다) 그리고 3개의 보충어를 갖는 그룹 III(사람과 사람간의 관계를 나타낸다)으로 구분하였다. 예증을 위해 개별 동사에 대해 용례를 제시했다. 2개의 보충어를 갖는 그룹 II를 보충어의 수의성 여부에 따라 하위 분류했다. 보충어의 형태는 명사구(Sn, Sd, Sa, Sa)와 전치사구(pS)에 한정했으며 - 지면관계상 개별 동사의 예문으로 제시하진 않았지만 - 문장형태의 보충어, 예를 들어 dass-문장(Nsdass)과 부정사문(Inf)도 고려하여 통사적 문형(syntaktisches Satzmodell)과 의미적문형(semantisches Satzmodell)에서 제시하였다. 결국 이 논문은 독일어를 배우는 이들에게 독일어 동사의 통사구조 및 의미구조를 보다 쉽게 설명할 수 있는 하나의 방법론을 제시함은 물론, 나아가서는 결합가 사전에서 동사 내항 기술을 위한 기본적인 토대를 제공할 것이다

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.43 no.12
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• pp.1376-1384
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• 2016

Computers require analytic and processing capability for all possibilities of human expression in order to process sentences like human beings. Linguistic information processing thus forms the initial basis. When analyzing a sentence syntactically, it is necessary to divide the sentence into components, find obligatory arguments focusing on predicates, identify the sentence core, and understand semantic relations between the arguments and predicates. In this study, the method applied a case frame dictionary based on The Korean Standard Dictionary of The National Institute of the Korean Language; in addition, we used a CRF Model that constructed subcategorization of predicates as featured in Korean Lexical Semantic Network (UWordMap) for semantic role labeling. Automatically tagged semantic roles based on the CRF model, which established the information of words, predicates, the case-frame dictionary and hypernyms of words as features, were used. This method demonstrated higher performance in comparison with the existing method, with accuracy rate of 83.13% as compared to 81.2%, respectively.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.11
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• pp.555-562
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• 2016

Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) is to determine the semantic relation of a predicate and its argu-ments in a sentence. But Korean semantic role labeling has faced on difficulty due to its different language structure compared to English, which makes it very hard to use appropriate approaches developed so far. That means that methods proposed so far could not show a satisfied perfor-mance, compared to English and Chinese. To complement these problems, we focus on suffix information analysis, such as josa (case suffix) and eomi (verbal ending) analysis. Korean lan-guage is one of the agglutinative languages, such as Japanese, which have well defined suffix structure in their words. The agglutinative languages could have free word order due to its de-veloped suffix structure. Also arguments with a single morpheme are then labeled with statistics. In addition, machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Condi-tional Random Fields (CRF) are used to model SRL problem on arguments that are not labeled at the suffix analysis phase. The proposed method is intended to reduce the range of argument instances to which machine learning approaches should be applied, resulting in uncertain and inaccurate role labeling. In experiments, we use 15,224 arguments and we are able to obtain approximately 83.24% f1-score, increased about 4.85% points compared to the state-of-the-art Korean SRL research.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.49
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• pp.401-432
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• 2024

This article examines the types of "wind (바람)" accepted in sijo (three-verse poems), focusing on the accepted pattern, and investigating its role and meaning. The summary is as follows: first of all, the works of "wind" were accepted in the sijo, and the total number of works was 620. There were 459 short sijo, and 161 long sijo. On the other hand, 148 authors wrote on "The Wind," and in the Late Joseon Dynasty, 90 authors composed 265 poems, the most. In the Early Joseon Dynasty, 50 poets composed 111 poems. Most of them were civil officials, and 170 poems were identified. Next, the aspect of jang (章) was confirmed to occur 684 times in total, with 632 instances of being single uses and 52 instances of duplication. Meanwhile, the core of the sijo, the first sentence of the last chapter, contains 'wind (바람)' 34 times in 25 words. And in terms of the aspect of the particle combined with 'wind,' the nominative particle appeared the most at 113 instances, and the auxiliary particle 'eun/neun (은/는)' was the most numerous at 58 instances. As for the types of wind contained in sijo, there are 6 major categories: 106 medium categories, with the total frequency is 688. 'Singular' appears 133 times in 6 words, and 'combination' appears 121 times in terms of total frequency. The combination with terrestrial objects was the most frequent at 79 times, and the combination with 'heavenly' objects was 75 times with 3 words, and 'mixture' indicated a mixture of several objects, with 7 words occurring 42 times. Second the literary acceptance and role of 'wind' in Sijo was examined. First, 'acceptance' and the role as a medium for conveying ideas, acceptance and the role as the development of ideas, and acceptance and role of literary expression. Through this, it can be seen that 'wind' in Sijo was accepted in literature and played a major role. Lastly, the role and meaning of wind in Sijo can be seen in the fact that it remains differentiated from other form of ancient literature or other genres. It serves as a literary device that effectively expresses the theme, and the scope of the material accepted in Sijo was expanded through wind.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2022

Semantic role labeling task used in various natural language processing fields, such as information extraction and question answering systems, is the task of identifying the arugments for a given sentence and predicate. Predicate used as semantic role labeling input are extracted using lexical analysis results such as POS-tagging, but the problem is that predicate can't extract all linguistic patterns because predicate in korean language has various patterns, depending on the meaning of sentence. In this paper, we propose a korean predicate recognition method using neural network model with pre-trained embedding models and lexical features. The experiments compare the performance on the hyper parameters of models and with or without the use of embedding models and lexical features. As a result, we confirm that the performance of the proposed neural network model was 92.63%.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.176-181
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• 2022

일반 상식 추론 능력은 가장 사람다운 능력 중 하나로써, 인공지능 모델이 쉽게 모사하기 어려운 영역이다. 딥러닝 기반의 언어 모델은 여전히 일반 상식에 기반한 추론을 필요로 하는 분야에서 부족한 성능을 보인다. 특히, 한국어에서는 일반 상식 추론과 관련한 연구가 상당히 부족한 상황이다. 이러한 문제 완화를 위해 최근 생성 기반의 일반 상식 추론을 위한 한국어 데이터셋인 Korean CommonGen [1]이 발표되었다. 그러나, 해당 데이터셋의 평가 지표는 어휘 단계의 유사성과 중첩에 의존하는 한계를 지니며, 생성한 문장이 일반 상식에 부합한 문장인지 측정하기 어렵다. 따라서 본 논문은 한국어 일반 상식 추론 및 생성 능력에 대한 평가 지표를 개선하기 위해 문장 성분의 의미역과 자모의 형태 변화를 바탕으로 생성 결과를 평가하는 SRLev, 사람의 평가 결과를 학습한 BIH, 그리고 두 평가 지표의 장점을 결합한 SRLev-BIH를 제안한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.502-510
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper investigate the general definition of Tense and the concepts about Aspect. I consider the correlation between the lexical and the grammatical aspect. Tense is an inflection type of a verb that indicates the time, tense is grammatical categories. Tense has the current tense and the past tense in English. If we recognize aspect as a grammatical category, that the subject of in description will be confined to the grammatical expression. In contrast, when considered as a category of meaning, lexical and grammatical representation is the expression target. Therefore, aspect is stated as a grammatical category. Specially, the aspect of English, there is only a progressive tense and perfect tense. In this case, the progressive aspect is progressive tense and the perfect aspect is perfect tense. Chapter 2, I investigate the definition of the tense of many scholars and define the usage of each tense. In Chapter 3, I exhibit the definition of the Aspect. Aspect is grammatical and semantic one. Tense and Aspect is a simple grammar category, but they have a various spectrum. Therefore, As the definition of the Tense and Aspect becomes clear it will be helpful to students who are received English education. In addition, the definition about tense and aspect needs in variety of areas, more research is needed.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.21-27
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 국가에서 추진하는 차세대신성장동력산업과 관련된 특정 분야('바이오 신약/장기' 분야 중 '면역 기능 제어')를 선택하여, 기구축된 면역학 전문용어사전을 비롯하여 의학용어사전, 표준국어대사전 등을 참조하여 핵심 용어와 관련 용어를 중심으로 면역학 시소러스(어휘 3,462개) 및 온톨로지(개념 노드 4,703개)를 구축하였다. 이것은 전문용어사전부터 온톨로지에 이르기까지 통일화된 표준 체계를 가지고 있으며, 도메인 온톨로지를 구축하여 향후 온톨로지 개발 방향을 설정할 수 있는 계기가 되었다고 할 수 있다. 또한 면역학 시소러스는 검색의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있도록 충분한 양의 데이터를 구축하였고 면역학 온톨로지는 언어처리적 관점에서의 온톨로지를 표현하였다. 이는 정보검색에서의 효율성을 비롯하여, 특정 웹 온톨로지 언어를 이용한 웹 온톨로지로의 변환성, 대규모 도메인 온톨로지라는 점에서 의미를 가진다고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2013

This study was to suggest cultural landscape preservation, value creation, as well as utilization plan to help landscape development of Hahoe village by identify the existence of Okyeonsipyeong(玉淵十詠) natural features, which were set around Buyongdae(芙蓉臺) in Hahoe Village by Seoae(西崖) Ryu, Seongryong(柳成龍), and understanding their characteristics and meanings of natural features and meanings. Based on the writings of "Okyeonseodanggi" and "Okyeonsipyeong", the major results of this study are as belows. 'Okyeon(玉淵)' letters carved on the rocks, also known as the name of pavilion in Okyeonjeongsa(玉淵精舍), is the center of Okyeonsipyeong that symbolizes the enlightenment of clean noble man, as well as the symbolic locational expression of studying room. One of Okyeonsipyeong, 'Wansimjae', is assumed to be the name from the combination of two Buddhist names, 'Wanjeok(玩寂)' and 'Seshim(洗心)', 'Dangho(堂號)', lined on both sides with Wonlakjae, the residence of Seoae, as the center. Wansimjae is after all the natural feature indicating the overall Okyeonjeongsa as the core of Okyeonsipyeong with west edge Gyeomamjeongsa(謙巖精舍). Among ten Okyeonsipyeong natural features, Wansimjae(玩心齋), Ganjukmun(看竹門), Gyeomamsa(謙菴舍), Dalgwandae(達觀臺), Ssangsongae(雙松厓), and Dohwacheon (桃花遷) are on the right side of the stairway from Okyeonjeongsa to Gyeomamjeongsa, while Chuwoldam(秋月潭), Neungpadae(凌波臺), Gyeseonam(繫船巖), and Jijuam(砥柱巖) are on the road to the cliff under river cliff in Buyongdae as well as to the dock, and all are located within 500m radius close and diameter area. As the results of lexeme and context analyses of Okyeonsipyeong poet, they are mainly about Confucian teachings symbolizing the constancy of the classical scholar including ego becoming one with the nature and back to the nature, unworldliness and farsighted view, transcendence and seclusion, as well as integrity spirit. In Dohwacheon and Gyeomamsa poets, there is Tao characteristics and brotherhood that pursue fairylands such as Mooreungdowon(武陵桃源). To create tourism brand and landscape of Okyeonsipyeong, it is necessary to prepare storytelling plans including the letters carved on the rocks introduction in Buyongdae area, and also synopsis of the Silgyeongsusang musical, 'Buyongjiae(芙蓉之愛)' that is related to 10 natural features. In addition, the related plans of the experience road from Gyeseonam, which is the boat stop in Buyongdae, to Ganjukmun of Okyeonjeongsa, and again to viewing routes on the stairways to Gyeomamjeongsa using boats are necessary. For preliminary preservation and maintenance plans, the safety of the stairway from Okyeonjeongsa to Gyeomamjeongsa should be secured, the rock inscription should be preserved, landscape interpretation plates should be installed, trees and shrubs around Dohwacheon rock inscription should be removed, Dalgwandae letters carved on the rocks should be restored, and the bamboo forest outside Ganjukmun as well as Prunus persica plantation around Dohwacheon should be pointed out.