• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.162-166
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• 1996

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.144-145
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• 1997

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.231.2-231
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.255-256
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• 2000

효모는 크기가 매우 작고 영양성분이 풍부하기 때문에 양식 시 먹이생물로 이용되는 동물성 플랑크톤의 먹이나 배합사료의 첨가제로 많이 사용되고 있다. 효모의 종류는 수 없이 많은데 이러한 효모들 중에서 Kluyeromyces fragilis 와 Candida utilis 는 대량배양이 가능하며 병원성 균주가 아닌 먹이생물로서 개발가능성이 높은 것으로 보고되어 있다 (Epifanio, 1979). 또한 Lee et al (1999)은 영양성분을 분석하여 사료첨가제로 이용가능성을 타진한 바 있다. 본 연구는 양식 생산량이 증가하고 있는 조피볼락을 대상으로 경제적인 측면을 고려하여 어분 함량을 달리 첨가한 배합사료에 K. fragilis, C. utilis 및 맥주효모를 각각 3%씩 첨가한 사료를 제조, 공급하여 이들 효모첨가가 조피볼락의 성장과 체성분에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.278-279
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• 1998

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.4 no.6 s.32
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• pp.85-87
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• 1972

결과적으로 시판 피마자박을 성장하는 병아리 혹은 기타 단위 동물의 단백질 사료로서 이용하기위해서는 다시 제독처리해야함을 알 수 있다. 제독처리 방법 중에서도 끓는 물로 여과하여 독소를 축출하는 방법이 가장 좋고 이 방법이 독소를 전부는 아닐지라도 대부분 제거시키는 방법이다. 피마자박의 아미노산조성을 볼때 그 생물가가 낮은 주요 원인이 라이신 트립토판 그리고 S 함유 아미노산이 부족하기 때문임을 알 수 있다. 제독처리한 피마자박의 라이신과 메치오닌 그리고 트립토판을 첨가하면 대두단백+메치오닌(0.2$\%$) 만큼 병아리성장에 유효함을 알 수 있다. 다른 필수 아미노산의 첨가는 별 효과가 없고 어분 대두단백 혹은 난백의 첨가도 부족한 아미노산을 첨가해 주는 것만큼 효과적이 아니었다. 라이신이 가장 먼저 부족되는 것이고 다음 트립토판이다. 메치오닌은 NRC 권장량의 60$\%$ 밖에 안되나 실제로 피마자박에 적절히 함유한다. 이것은 NRC 권장량이 너무 높다는 스콧트와 그의 동료의 주장과 일치하고 있다. 체중변화를 볼 때 흥미있는 것은 피마자박에 어분을 첨가하면 각 그룹간 병아리 체중의 차이가 심한데 어분대신 아미노산을 첨가하면 그 차이가 현저히 감소한다. (25$\%$와 15$\%$) 이러한 현상은 아미노산이 부족한 사료를 먹으면 성장에 필요한 아미노산 요구량이 개체별로 차이가 있기 때문일 것이다. 피마자박에 아미노산을 첨가하면 단백질 최종이용율이 현저히 증가하나, 이정도는 대두단백+메치오닌(0.2$\%$)에 비하면 이용율이 낮은데 그 이유는 아마 피마자박중의 리그닌과 조섬유 함량이 높기 때문일 것이다. 피마자박의 사료는(사료중 40$\%$) 조섬유가 약 15$\%$나 되어 이것 때문에 사료 섭취량이 대두단백사료 보다 증가하게 되고 사료섭취량이 많으면 단백질 섭취도 많게 되어 피마자박의 단백질 이용율이 낮게 된다. 즉 최종 단백질 이용율은 단백질 섭취량과 역비례한다. 만약 피마자박의 조섬유를 일부 혹은 전부 제거하기만 한다면 양계및 기타 단위 동물의 단백질 사료 자원으로서 그 가치가 훨씬 높아질 것이다. 더욱 희망적인 것은 피마자박 생산자측에 의하면 피마자씨 껍질의 상당한 부분을 제거하는 것은 가능하다고 한다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.72-76
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• 1998

In order to investigate the emission pattern of sulphur dioxide gas from the soils in the plastic film house, the amounts of sulphur dioxide gas emitted from soils was periodically measured either in the plastic film house condition or in the incubator where the interior temperature was controlled to 10, 20. 30 and $40^{\circ}C$. Each soil was mixed with either mushroom, poultry, pig or fish meal compost at the rate of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50g/kg for individual treatment and then treated with addition of 50, 100, 150 and 200ml of water. A significant increase in the emission of sulphur dioxide gas was observed in the treatment of fish meal compost and such increase was initiated from the rate of l0g/kg, while little difference was observed in other treatments. Compared to upland soils, as control, the horticultural soils containing higher sulphur content emitted more sulphur dioxide. The emission of sulphur dioxide was favoured as temperature increased and was highest with the addition of 150ml of water.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.470-475
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• 1999

This study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of animal by-product mixture (ABPM) as a dietary animal protein source of fish meal replacer, and to determine the effect of dietary chromic oxide in growing rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. ABPM is a mixture of five anmial by-products such as meat and bone meal (MBM) feather meal (FM), squid live, powder(SLP), poultry by-product (PBP) and blood- meal (BM) at a specific weight based ratio. Diet 1 and 2 were formulated on a isonitrogenous and a isocaloric basis of $46.5\%$ crude protein and 16.7 KJ/g diet; diet 1 (WFM 100), $100\%$ of the animal protein source came from white fish meal; diet 2 (ABPM 40), $60\%$ WFM+$40\%$ ABPM as the animal protein source; diet 3 (-Cr) commercial diet without chromic oxide; diet 4 (+Cr), commercial diet with chromic oxide. After eight weeks of feeding trials, fish fed diet 2 had a significantly lower body weight gain (WG) and feed efficiency (FE) than that of fish fed the other diets (P<0.05). When comparing diet 3 with diet 4, no significant differences were found in WG and FE (P>0.05). There were no significant differences on condition factor, hematocrit level, serum phosphorus, bone phosphorus, whole body phosphorus, and bone ash among fish from all four diet groups. Fish fed diet 4 had a significantly higher whole body lipid than that of fish fed the other diets (P<0.05), These results indicated that ABPM could be used less than $40\%$ in growing rainbow trout with a sufficient period of acclimation, In addition, the $0.5\%$ of chromic oxide can be used to determine the apparent digestibility of the nutrients in the feed without any adverse effects on growth and body composition.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2020

The study was compared for growth and yield of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme) crops as affected by various homemade liquid fertilizer (LF), commonly applied in the environmentally friendly farmhouses. LF treatment included UT (untreatment, water), OC (oil cake), BF (bone+fish meal), FA (fish amino meal), SO (sesame oil meal), and SF (starfish). Seasonal pH and EC in SO- and SF-LF rapidly decreased at 30 days after the storage, which were the highest EC of 0.6 - 0.8 dS/m, followed by BF-LF with 0.4 dS/m EC. T-N concentration in LF was the highest on the SF (0.0062%), followed by SO (0.0059%) and BF materials (0.0030%), which were all the great for the K concentration in the LF. P and Ca concentrations were the highest on the FA-LF, with the highest Mg concentration observed on the vegetable SO-LF. Soil EC was the highest on the SF-LF plots of 0.74 dS/m, with no significant differences between the treatments observed on the macro-nutrient concentrations in the soil and leaf. Leaf dry weight, leaf temperature, stem diameter, and plant height were investigated at once per 15 days. UT-LF reduced the leaf dry weight at all the measurement time while the plant height was low at an initial measurement but increased and similar to the other homemade LF treatments at a later measurement. Fruit yield and average fruit weight were the lowest on the UT-LF plots at 75 days after fertigation. Fruit diameter was increased by the BF-LF and SF-LF, with the highest fruit soluble solid contents and fruit coloring observed on the FA-LF. BF-LF maintained high fruit firmness.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.832-838
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• 2008

Mackerel water-soluble protein fraction produced by washing the mackerel meat were concentrated by isoelectric point shifting precipitation process, and the concentrates were utilized as the alternative feed of fish meal. In the 1st aquaculture diet experiment for Israel common carp, the feed conversion ratio decreased in proportion to the rise in the percentage of the recovered protein containing a residual lipid, which was added to the fish meal. It was supposed that the low feed efficiency was because of lipid oxidation in the recovered protein fraction. In addition, 2nd aquaculture diet experiment for Israel common carp was conducted after removing the oxidized lipid in the recovered protein fish meal. When a portion of the fish meal was substituted by the recovered protein devoid of the residual lipid, the feed conversion ratio increased in proportion to the amount of the substitute being added to the fish meal. Therefore, the recovered protein fraction of the mackerel washing wastewater from mackerel processing factory could be used as the alternative feed of fish meal.