• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.243-254
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• 2005

Pulfrich effect implies the possibility that motion information is processed by the system that processes depth information, and this possibility by supported by various neurophysiological studies. Although Pulfrich effect is processed by the system that processes binocular disparity, the representative depth information, there has not been a psychophysical research to determine the characteristics of the interaction between Pulfrich effect and binorular disparity using a stimulus containing the two information sources. Present research examined the characteristics of the interacation between Pulfrich effect and binocular disparity by nenuring the depth and rotation direction of a rotating cylinder comprised of random dots under two different conditions: 1) consistent rendition where the Pulfrich effect and binocular disparity depth the depth and rotation direction of the cylinder in a consistent manner 2) inconsistent rendition where they did not. , The perceived depth of the cylinder in the consistent condition was larger than that in disparity/Pulfrich effect only condition. Interestingly, the perceived rotation direction of the cylinder in the inconsistent condition was modulated by the relative strength of the disparity and the Pulfrich effect. These results imply that binocular disparity and Pulfrich effect are processed by a common neurophysiological methanism.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2003

In order to provide natural images with a specified depth through three-dimensional display system, the stereo images should be similar to those projected from real environment as much as possible. Even when two persons see an identical scene, the binocular Parallax between two images of an object varies as a function of one's inter-pupilary distance (IPD). In this study, we investigated whether individual differences, such as IPD and accommodative vergence, would affect the perception of three dimensional scene provided by stereo-images. Results showed that a person's IPD is correlated with the limit of screen and binocular parallax for single vision, and affects the perceived depth of an object on fixation. More specifically, with longer IPD the limit of screen and binocular parallax for single vision is decreased, and the perceived depth is reduced. These results suggest that the screen and binocular parallax of an object should be calibrated with regard to users IPD to provide natural stereo-images with a specified depth and to Prevent double vision.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.331-337
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• 2014

Purpose: This is a comparative experimental study on the amount of phoria by the removal time of binocular fusion. In this study, three tests were used for phoria test like Howell test, Thorington test and developed 3D polarizing test. Methods: In this study, it was considered the removal time of binocular fusion for measuring phoria. The three methods were used for measuring quantity of phoria: Howell test, Thorington test and developed 3D Polarizing test. The measurements progressed quickly to avoid eye-strain. So we designed the test charts for marking 3D display modules and the apparatus inserted lenses, like Maddox lens and prism, which are compatible with three phoria tests. The phoria at the moment separation was measured when the binocular fusion was broken through the apparatus and the that at the stable separation was measured when activity of the separated two images like indicated box and figure on horizontal axis stopped. Results: There were statistically significant difference between quantity of phoria at moment separation and that at stable separation. Amount of phoria at moment separation was relatively larger than amount of that at stable separation. In result in exophoria, the quantity of phoria at moment separation was higher than that at stable separation, and in phoria measured by developed 3D polarizing test, it shows the similar results at two condition. Conclusions: For exophoria, the amount of phoria at moment separation of binocular fusion was relatively larger than that at stable separation. The amount of difference between phoria values at moment separation and that at stable separation was alike among three phoria tests. Usually in working, there is no distinction between moment separation and stable separation. But there were definitely the difference between two ways to separate binocular fusion. Therefore, it is need for writing on prescription test name for measuring phoria and condition of separation of binocular fusion.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

The aim of the study was performed the wave analysis of P-VEP on the normal monocular vision and amblyopia in binocular. The P-VEP of three channels were recorded by the Nicolet system. Five adults (three males, two females, mean=22 years, range=19 to 24) subjects were recorded The subjects were researched the history including the systemic health, medication, genetics, allergy and ocular disease. Visual acuity and stereopsis were recorded for each subject monocularly and binocularly. Also subjects viewed the P-VEP stimulus both monocularly and binocularly through the corrected visual acuity during the VEP were recorded. The results of study suggest that the visual acuity of binocularly is better than with monocularly and the stereopsis was about over 140 sec. On the other hand, the analysis of P-VEP suggest that the amplitude of wave is larger when the monocular eye receives the P-VEP stimulus compared with the binocular eye. However the amplitude of wave in amblyopia had more smaller than the normal monocular The latency period of P-VEP was similar to results between the normal eye and binocular vision. But the amblyopia was a long period compared with the normal monocular and binocular vision. In conclusion, this study indicated that the visual acuity of binocularly have a better than the normal monocular vision, But in the P-VEP test, the amplitude of wave on normal monocularly vision appears to be better through the binocularly. But the amblyopia appeared the low amplitude wave of P-VEP and decreased the visual acuity.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-151
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• 2003

This study compared the effect of Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lenses on binocular vision by assessing visual acuity, stereopsis, and visual evoked potential(VEP), through Polaroid$^{(R)}$, CR 39 and sunglass lenses. The spectral absorptions of Polaroid$^{(R)}$, CR 39 and sunglass lenses were measured using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi. U-3501). The VEP were recorded by the Nicolet system. Thirty normal adult(fifteen males, fifteen females, mean=21.9 years, range=20 to 25) subjects were recorded. The subjects were provided a history including : general health, family health, medication, genetics, allergy and disease. All had normal or corrected to normal acuity with no history of visual disorders. Corrected visual acuity, colour vision and stereopsis were recorded for each subject monocularly and binocularly. Each test was repealed through the sunglass, CR 39, and Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lenses. Subjects viewed the VEP stimulus both monocularly and binocularly through the test lenses while the VEPs were recorded. The results suggest that the binocular visual acuity and stereoacuity is better than with monocular vision. On other hand, the analysis of VEP suggests that the amplitude of wave is smaller when the monocular eye receives the VEP stimulus compared with that when the binocular eye is stimulated by the VEP target with the sunglass, CR 39, and Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lens. But, the latency period of each eye was similar to results between the dominant eye and the non-dominant eye by the CR 39, sunglass, and polaroid lens. In conclusion, this study indicates that the binocular vision appears to be better through the brown Polaroid$^{(R)}$ lens than through the other test lenses.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.121-125
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• 2009

Purpose: This study has been conducted to know the prevalence of anisometropia and corneal refraction, accommodative response of myopic anisometropia. Methods: The study subject were 67 persons who myopic anisometropia of at least 1.00D, from among 808 total subject without ophthalmic diseases history from age 5 to 89 and the test were used to examine with both eyes open-view autorefractometer (NvisionK-5001). Results: The case which anisometropia were 85(10.5%) persons and myopic anisometropia were 67(78.8%) persons among the anisometropia. Difference between higher myopic eye and lower myopic eye were -1.22D${\pm}$0.94 in spherical equivalent, -0.25D${\pm}$0.72 in accommodative response, 0.04D${\pm}$0.68 in corneal refraction. In addition, the same case of both eyes accommodative response were 33(49.3%) persons, the great case of lower myopic eye accommodative response were 25(37.3%) persons and the great case of higher myopic eye accommodative response were 9(13.4%) persons. Conclusions: Myopic anisometropia was not affected by corneal refraction and both eyes difference of spherical equivalent was less as compared with both eyes difference of accommodative response.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.1163-1168
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• 2001

The ranging systems measure range data in three-dimensional coordinate from target surface. These non-contact remote ranging systems is widely used in various automation applications, including military equipment, construction field, navigation, inspection, assembly, and robot vision. The active ranging systems using time of flight technique or light pattern illumination technique are complex and expensive, the passive systems based on stereo or focusing principle are time-consuming. The proposed algorithm, that is based on cross correlation of projection profile of vertical edge, provides advantages of fast and simple operation in the range acquisition. The results of experiment show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2010.06c
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• pp.521-524
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• 2010

영상을 입체적으로 보는 방법에는 안경을 이용한 편광 방식과 시분할 방식, 안경이 필요 없는 패럴랙스 베리어, 렌티큘러, 다시점 방식 그리고 완전 3차원 방법들이 있다. 그 중에서도 안경을 이용하여 가장 쉽게 제작이 가능하고, 비용이 저렴한 애너그리프(Anaglyph) 방법이 흔히 사용된다. 애너그리프 영상을 생성하는 방법에도 여러 가지가 존재하고 최근까지 눈에 피로를 적게 하면서 입체감을 최대한 표현할 수 있는 영상을 생성하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 조건을 만족시키기 위하여 새로운 애너그리프 영상 생성 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 깊이 맵과 양안시차를 계산하여 가장 입체감 있는 애너그리프 영상을 생성 하는 방법이다. 깊이 맵의 계산을 통해 얻은 변이 정보와 실험적으로 계산한 사람 눈의 양안시차를 좌측 영상에 적용한다. 좌측 영상과 우측 영상을 최적화된 색상혼합방법을 사용하여 합성하면 제안한 방식의 애너그리프 영상이 생성된다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 기존의 초점을 고려하지 않는 애너그리프 방식의 문제점을 깊이 맵을 이용하여 해결할 수 있고 또한 양안시차를 고려하고 최적화된 색상혼합을 사용하기 때문에 눈에 피로가 적어진다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.319-320
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• 2012

3DTV 방송 서비스를 위한 다양한 방법 가운데 좌우영상의 해상도가 서로 다른 하이브리드 방식이 제안된 바 있다. 이 방식에서 양안시차 정보를 활용하면 낮은 해상도 영상의 화질을 개선할 수 있는데, 본 논문에서는 3D 영상에서 수평적 양안시차와 함께 수직 방향의 변이를 함께 고려하면 영상의 화질 향상 효과가 더 커짐을 보였으며 이를 추정하기에 적합한 양안시차 탐색범위의 형태를 제안한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-136
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• 1988

On October 26, 1987, the authors encountered a case of human thelasiasis involving both eyes. The case in Chollapuk-do, Korea, a farmer aged 23, complained of mild lacrimation for 3 weeks followed by 1 week duration of foreign body sensation in both eyes prior to examination of eyes. The conjunctivae of both eyes appeared slightly reddened. No other abnormalities were noticed. Total 6 worms, one male and two females from each eye, were removed, parasitologically studied, and identified as Thelazia callipaeda Railliet and Henry, 1910.