• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.331-337
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• 2014

Purpose: This is a comparative experimental study on the amount of phoria by the removal time of binocular fusion. In this study, three tests were used for phoria test like Howell test, Thorington test and developed 3D polarizing test. Methods: In this study, it was considered the removal time of binocular fusion for measuring phoria. The three methods were used for measuring quantity of phoria: Howell test, Thorington test and developed 3D Polarizing test. The measurements progressed quickly to avoid eye-strain. So we designed the test charts for marking 3D display modules and the apparatus inserted lenses, like Maddox lens and prism, which are compatible with three phoria tests. The phoria at the moment separation was measured when the binocular fusion was broken through the apparatus and the that at the stable separation was measured when activity of the separated two images like indicated box and figure on horizontal axis stopped. Results: There were statistically significant difference between quantity of phoria at moment separation and that at stable separation. Amount of phoria at moment separation was relatively larger than amount of that at stable separation. In result in exophoria, the quantity of phoria at moment separation was higher than that at stable separation, and in phoria measured by developed 3D polarizing test, it shows the similar results at two condition. Conclusions: For exophoria, the amount of phoria at moment separation of binocular fusion was relatively larger than that at stable separation. The amount of difference between phoria values at moment separation and that at stable separation was alike among three phoria tests. Usually in working, there is no distinction between moment separation and stable separation. But there were definitely the difference between two ways to separate binocular fusion. Therefore, it is need for writing on prescription test name for measuring phoria and condition of separation of binocular fusion.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.341-350
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• 2013

The present study aimed to understand the sensory characteristic of change detection by comparing the experience of detecting a salient visual change against the experience of detecting a sensory conflict evoked by a binocular mismatch. In Experiment 1, we used the change detection task where 2, 4, or 6 items were short-term remembered in visual working memory and were compared with following test items. The half of change-present trials were manipulated to elicit a binocular rivalry on the test item with the change by way of monocular inputs across the eyes. The results showed that change detection accuracy without the rivalry manipulation declined evidently as the display setsize increased whereas no such setsize effect was observed with the rivalry manipulation. Experiment 2 tested search efficiency for the search array where the target was designated as an item with the rivalry manipulation, and found the search was very efficient regardless of the rivalry manipulation. The results of Experiment 1 and 2 showed that when the given memory load varies, the experience of detecting a salient visual change become similar to the experience of detecting a sensory conflict by a binocular rivalry.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.10 no.1 s.26
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• pp.68-76
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• 2005

We propose a new type of stereoscopic camera system with a zoom lens module to overcome the backlash for the stability of picture matching and the difficulty of zoom control. This system is designed to control a pair of zoom lens with a rotation lever. In this paper, we present the structural characteristics of our proposed system, and verify that there are no image mismatching at acquired stereo images and the zoom in$\cdot$out is easy to control. In our experiments, we achieve good results that a convergence control is very simple and distortion of images is decreased.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2013

The current software for creating and editing animation offers the possibility of dividing variable objects into layers. This paper suggests a method to render and edit each of right and left layer in the process of creating a 3D stereoscopic animation. It is possible to apply a variety of effects to left and right images and to adjust the gap of binocular parallax through this method so that wider variation of images and richer sense of depth can be produced. In addition, this method offers freedom of deleting and inserting an object, controlling size and position of the object and adjusting the gap of binocular parallax. Thus, new sense of depth can be obtained. This method shows the results to apply various effects on the 3D stereoscopic image and to reduce visual fatigue rather than the method to render simultaneously both of left and right layer.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.217-225
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• 1998

영국 Hertfordshire의 두지역에서 사육되고 있는 건강한 조랑말의 결막낭내 상존하고 있는 진균총의 분포도를 조사 비교하고자 36두 조랑말의 양안(총72안)의 상 하 결막낭에서 시료를 채취하여 진균을 분리 동정하였다. 총 76.4%의 안구에서 진균이 발견되었으며, 13종이 분리되었다. 전체적으로 가장 많이 분리된 진균은 Aspergillus spp(27.8%), Nocardia spp(25.0%), Cladosporium spp(19.4%), Penicillium spp(9.7%) 및 Penicillium spp(9.7%)순이었다. 1지역에서는 Nocardia spp와 Cladosporium spp가 가장 많이 분리된 반면, 2지역에서는 Aspergillus spp가 가장 많이 분리되었다. 상 하결막낭내 진균분리율의 차이는 상결막낭에서보다는 하결막낭내에서 진균이 유의성 있게 많이 분리되었다(p<0.05). 시료채취시에 사용된 swab의 상태에 따른 비교에서 건조된 swab과 젖은 swab간에는 통계적 유의성이 없었다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.121-125
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• 2009

Purpose: This study has been conducted to know the prevalence of anisometropia and corneal refraction, accommodative response of myopic anisometropia. Methods: The study subject were 67 persons who myopic anisometropia of at least 1.00D, from among 808 total subject without ophthalmic diseases history from age 5 to 89 and the test were used to examine with both eyes open-view autorefractometer (NvisionK-5001). Results: The case which anisometropia were 85(10.5%) persons and myopic anisometropia were 67(78.8%) persons among the anisometropia. Difference between higher myopic eye and lower myopic eye were -1.22D${\pm}$0.94 in spherical equivalent, -0.25D${\pm}$0.72 in accommodative response, 0.04D${\pm}$0.68 in corneal refraction. In addition, the same case of both eyes accommodative response were 33(49.3%) persons, the great case of lower myopic eye accommodative response were 25(37.3%) persons and the great case of higher myopic eye accommodative response were 9(13.4%) persons. Conclusions: Myopic anisometropia was not affected by corneal refraction and both eyes difference of spherical equivalent was less as compared with both eyes difference of accommodative response.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.49-53
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• 2000

Comparing to an Image test chart which printed from computer. Hahn's standard test chart and Chart project test chart propose to make the program of an image test chart in computer. Test type of the test chart should be programed by difference size which was examined Hangul program of Hangul & Computer Co. An image test of visual acuity most decreased among 3 kinds of testing. Testing of Fixation disparity was same between Diplopia test and chart project test chart, so that. Design of test chart could be programed diverse by Hangul program of Hangul & Computer Co.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.9B
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• pp.1267-1276
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• 2001

본 논문은 스테레오 시차정보를 이용하여 스테레오 비젼 시스템에서 표적물체의 영역 및 위치를 구하고, 표적물체를 제외한 배경을 분리함으로써 표적물체 영역을 효과적으로 추출할 수 있는 새로운 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 즉, 제안한 알고리즘은 스테레오 비젼 시스템에서 얻어지는 양안시차 정보와 각 픽셀의 유사도를 이용하여 1차적으로 배경을 분리한 후 그 결과에 히스토그램을 적용하여 최종적으로 표적물체 영역을 추출하였다. 실험 결과 제안한 알고리즘은 스테레오 입력 영상에서 배경잡음과 관계없이 표적 물체영역을 추출할 수 있었고, 이의 구현으로 스테레오 원격작업 시스템이나 적응적인 스테레오 물체 추적기 등의 구현 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

The present study investigated the effects of AD on stereoscopic vision. Sixty participants (20 AD patients, 20 mild cognitive impairment patients, 20 healthy elderly controls) participated in the study. Two cubes, one on the left and the other on the right of the center of the monitor, appeared at varying distances from the observer with their relative distances controlled in two disparity conditions (absolute vs relative disparity) combined with two disparity directions (crossed vs uncrossed disparity). Participants identified the object that appeared closer to them. Results demonstrated comparable performance with all three groups performing accurately, suggesting that the effect of AD on stereopsis is negligible. Discussion focused on brain pathology affected by AD involving high level visual processing.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2015

Purpose: The current study was performed to compare the difference in binocular visual function depending on variable background colors at near work. Method: Fifty four adults (18 males, 34 females) who consented to the present study and had no ocular disease, ocular surgery history, strabismus and amblyopia with normal binocular vision were participated into this study. The subjects were asked to read the novels with black letter printed on white, red, green and blue background for 15 min. Then, their heterophoria, AC/A ratio, near point of convergence, accommodation facility, relative accommodation and vergence were measured before and after reading. The difference of measurements were compared. Result: Overall heterophoria was tended to decrease with regardless of background color. AC/A ratio showed a tendency of increase after reading the novels with all backgrounds except white background. Near point of convergence was significantly increased compared to before reading at all background color. Accommodative facility of dominant and non-dominant eyes were also significantly increased after reading however, binocular accommodative facility showed a tendency of decrease. Negative relative accommodation also decreased at all background colors however, the change of positive relative accommodation was not significantly different. In case of vergence, there was significant difference in break point of far BO and recovery point of far BI by the wavelength of background color. Conclusions: From the results, it was known there is convergence change depending on the wavelength of light even though same amount of accommodation and convergence is required when doing near work for certain period. Thus, it can be suggested that the adjustment of the near working environment which perception of various color was required, should be conducted according to the main wavelength.