• Title/Summary/Keyword: 양식 어장

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Distribution of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) in Sediment and Organism Collected from Various Culturing Grounds, Korea (국내 양식어장 퇴적물과 생물 중 잔류성유기오염물질 분포)

  • baek, Seung-Hong;Lee, In-Seok;Kim, Hye-Seon;Choi, Minkyu;Hwang, Dong-Woon;Kim, Sook-Yang;Choi, Hee-Gu
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.262-269
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    • 2012
  • We investigated the concentration levels and evaluated the distributions of 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans(PCDD/Fs), 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls(DLPCBs) and 24 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediment and organism from various culturing grounds in Korean coast. The levels of PCDD/Fs, DLPCBs, and PBDEs in sediment samples ranged from 0.03 to 2.9(Mean${\pm}$SD, $1.2{\pm}0.89$) pg $WHO_{2005}$-TEQ $g^{-1}$ dry weight(dw), ND(not detected) to 1.1($0.09{\pm}0.19$) pg $WHO_{2005}$-TEQ $g^{-1}$ dw, and ND to 16.6($2.96{\pm}3.53$) ng $g^{-1}$ dw, respectively. Also, the levels of PCDD/Fs, DLPCBs, and PBDEs in culturing organisms ranged from ND to 0.24($0.07{\pm}0.06$) pg $WHO_{2005}$-TEQ $g^{-1}$ wet weight(ww), ND to 0.11($0.04{\pm}0.04$) pg $WHO_{2005}$-TEQ $g^{-1}$ ww, and 0.05 to 0.29($0.13{\pm}0.06$) ng $g^{-1}$ ww, respectively. The levels of total dioxins(PCDD/Fs+DLPCBs) and PBDEs in sediments from East and South sea were four to seven times higher than those from West sea. PCDD/Fs had dominant contribution(mean, 94%) for TEQ concentration in sediment, whereas relatively higher contribution of DLPCBs(33%) were shown in culturing organism than sediment. BDE209 was a dominant congener in both matrix. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs, DLPCBs and PBDEs were in decreasing trends in Korea coasts compared to previous results.

The utilization of antibiotics and the treatment of bacterial diseases in fish (항생제 사용과 세균성 어류질병의 치료)

  • Jeong, Hyun-Do;Chun, Seh-Kyu
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.37-48
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    • 1992
  • Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by various species of microorganisms that suppress the growth of other microorganisms or may destroy them. Among the more than 4000 antibiotics that has been identified, about 20s are using as the therapy of infectious fish diseases. There are several methods used to classify and group antibiotics, and the most common classification has been based on chemical structure and proposed mechanism of action. The effect of antibiotics may be determined by the kind of fish pathogens and by the external environment surrounded the infected fish. It implies that the kind of antibiotics and its application method should be decided after the determination of the reasons of fish disease. The uncontrolled usages of antibiotics may induce the selection of resistant mutants appeared spontaneously and present in any group of bacteria. The epidemic spread of such antibiotic resistant strains of fish pathogenic bacteria already has been reported in various districts of japan. Importantly, transferable drug resistant(R) plasmids were detected in strains of most of fish pathogens. Based on those reports, the antimicrobial resistance appears to be a rapidly emerging problem in the fish industry on the country. The expanding literatures on the pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, withdrawal periods and efficacy of environmental effect for the commonly using antibiotics have met the needs of data for the practical application of antibiotics. However, the most important thing for the treatment of fish diseases would be the communication and exchanging of information between the site of aquaculture and the diagnostic laboratory.

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A Study on the Telemetry System for the Inhabitant Environment and Distribution of Fish-II -Current Direction, Velocity, Sea Ambient Noise and Distribution of Fishes- (어류의 서식환경과 분포생태의 원격계측에 관한 연구 - II -유향, 유속 및 환경소음과 어류의 분포생태-)

  • 신형일;안영화;신현옥
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.129-135
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    • 1999
  • The telemetry system for the current speed and direction, the underwater ambient noise and the distribution ecology of fishes was constructed by the author and his collaborator in order to product and manage effectively in shallow sea culture and setnets fisheries, and then the experiments for the telemetry system carried out at set net fishing ground located Nungpobay in Kojedo from October 1996 to June 1997. As this results, the techniques suggested in the telemetry system gave full display its function even though far away 1.5 km from transmitting part, but with the suggested telemetry system could not be ascertained relationship between physical environment and distribution ecology of fishes.

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Influence of Benzocaine as an Anaesthetic for the Grading of Tilapia (Tilapia 선발을 위한 Benzocaine의 영향)

  • Kim, Hyung-Joo;Chun, Seh-Kyu
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.99-108
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    • 1989
  • Anaethetics are needed for handling fish, especially for transportation, tagging and grading. Among them, MS-222 has been popular in aquaculture since it has an excellent anaesthetic effect. However, MS-222 is more expensive than other chemicals. Benzocaine (Ethyl-p-aminobenzoate) has a similar molecular formula and equivalent anaesthetic effect to MS-222, and is cheaper. The purpose of this study was first to compare anaesthetic effects (Benzocaine) under various conditions : temperature, concentration, pH and body weight. Second purpose was to compare actual anaesthetic effects at 50 ppm benzocaine at ambient temperature and pH for the grading of tilapia. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The effect of anaesthesia at $24^{\circ}C$ was better with low pH, that is 5.6 than high pH 6.6 and 7.6. 2. The anaesthetic effect was not different at different body weight form 11g to 1,350g. 3. The fish were anaesthetized in 4~10 minutes at 50 ppm benzocaine at temperature. $20{\sim}24^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.8~7.3 and recovered in 4~6 minutes when they were put back in the fresh water after 30 minutes anaesthesia. 4. Benzocaine was more sensitive at pH fluctuation than temperature. 5. Twenty four hour-TLm of Benzocaine was 50 ppm at $24^{\circ}C$, pH 6.8 when the fish were put back in the fresh water after 120 minutes.

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A Study on the Telemetry system for the Inhabitant Environments and Distribution of Fish-I - Sea Temperature , Salinity and Distribution of Fish - (어류의 서식환경과 분포생태의 원격계측에 관한 연구-I - 수온, 염분과 어류의 분포생태 -)

  • Sin, Hyeong-Il;An, Yeong-Hwa;Sin, Hyeon-Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.321-333
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    • 1997
  • This paper describe on the transmitting/receiving functions and the monitoring effects for the telemetry system which is designed to monitor the environmental condition of a culturing fishery ground inside a bay. The telemetry experiments were carried out by the telemetry system which constructed with the sea water temperature/salinity measuring sensor and telesounder at culturing fishery ground located in the coast of Sangyang-Myon, Kyongsangnam-Do province from October, 1995 to May, 1996. The results of this experiment showed that the developed telemetry system could be used for monitoring the sea water temperature/salinity and the distribution of fish in culturing fishery ground.

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Comparison of Material Flux at the Sediment-Water Interface in Marine Finfish and Abalone Cage Farms, Southern Coast of Korea: In-situ and Laboratory Incubation Examination (남해안 어류 및 전복가두리양식장의 퇴적물-수층 경계면에서의 물질플럭스 비교: 현장배양과 실내배양실험 연구)

  • Park, Jung-Hyun;Cho, Yoon-Sik;Lee, Won-Chan;Hong, Sok-Jin;Kim, Hyung-Chul;Kim, Jeong-Bae
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.536-544
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    • 2012
  • It is necessary to study the material circulation of coastal ecosystem according to aquacultural activity in order to induce the sustainable production of aquaculture and the fishery environment for the useful use. Hence, it is essential to make an exact assessment for the sedimentation release flux at the sediment-water interface in the aquafarm. Sediment oxygen demand and dissolved inorganic nitrogen release fluxes were compared using in-situ and laboratory incubational examination. Sediment oxygen demands were 116, 34, and $31\;mmol\;O_2\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$ (in-situ incubation), 52, 17, and $15\;mmol\;O_2\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$ (Core incubation) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen release fluxes were 7.18, 7.98, and $1.78\;mmol\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$ (in-situ incubation), 3.33, 3.74, and $1.96\;mmol\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$ (Core incubation) at Tongyeong finfish, Yeosu finfish, and Wando abalone cage farms, respectively. Consequently, in-situ incubation results showed two times higher than laboratory examination. We compared the material flux at the sediment-water interface of each farm and the characteristics between two different kinds of material flux examination.

Development of a Field Oxygenation Device and Its Practice in the Oxygen Depleted Water Mass (빈산소 수괴해역 용존산소 환경개선장치 개발과 현장 적용)

  • Lee, Yong-Hwa;Kim, Young-Suk;Shim, Jeong-Min;Kwon, Kee-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.339-344
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    • 2010
  • Oxygen depleted water mass can damage aquatic animals not only in direct way but also in indirect way by generating toxic substances including occurrence of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia which are also highly detrimental to animal life in the water mass. An oxygen dissolution device was developed, which makes turnover of the oxygen rich (over 20 mg/L) surface water down to the bottom where hypoxia is evident and tested the device in terms of oxygen recovery in the oxygen depleted bottom water. the device with turnover rates of $3.6\;m^2$/min at the liquid oxygen injection rate of 48~26.3 L/min could recover dissolved oxygen level to 7~25 mg/L at depth 7 m to lead to the dissolution level of over 90% by the supply of liquid oxygen. The running advantage of the device is that it does not require any auxiliary tank and higher energy for operation. Therefore, it can be highly useful device to relieve damages to the farmed animals in the oxygen depleted waters.

Effect of Daily and Alternate Day Feeding Regimens on Growth and Food Utilization by Juvenile Flounder Paralichtys olivaceus (일일 및 격일 습사료 공급방법이 육성 넙치의 성장과 영양소 이용효율에 미치는 영향)

  • 김정대;신승훈;조구긴;이상민
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.15-21
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    • 2002
  • Two groups of juvenile flounders (90 g/each) were fed on moist pellet feed thrice a day for a period of 8 weeks; the first group, reared in 4 circular (6m $\times$ 0.8 m) tanks (1200 flounders/tank), was fed daily (ED) and the second one on alternate days (EO). There was no significant difference in growth and feed conversion ratio (FCR) between these groups. There was also no difference in chemical composition, except in lipid, which was significantly higher (4.1%) in the ED group than the EO group (3.4%). Food intake and gain in the whole body nitrogen (N) were higher in the ED group but there was no significant difference between these groups in N retention; they excreted almost equal amount (114 vs 112 g) of N. Although phosphorus intake was significantly different between these groups, the flounders retained equal amount (0.5 g) of P in their body and excreted also equal amount (27.6 vs 26.0 g/kg weight gain) of p. Energy intake (2528 kJ) of the ED group was higher than that (2116 kJ) of the EO group. However, there was no significant difference in their energy retention efficiency. Clearly, alternate day feeding regimen led to more efficient utilization of food by the juvenile flounder.

The Dissolution Characteristics of Metal Compounds in Soil Application Experiment using Sewage Treatment Sludge mixed with Oyster shells (하수슬러지 및 굴껍질의 토지주입시 금속성분의 용출특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Chul;Moon, Jong-Ik;Shin, Nam-Cheol;Ha, Sang-An;Sung, Nak-Chang;Huh, Mock
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.71-76
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    • 2001
  • Recently, sludge disposal becomes one of the most serious environmental problems. Because the landfilling and ocean dumping of sludge materials will be prohibited in the near future, the proper treatment?disposal methods should be investigated. Also, oyster shells, piled at the coast, cause adverse effects in coastal fishery, public water surface, natural landscape, public health and so on. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the dissolution characteristic of metal compounds during soil application experiment using sewage treatment sludge mixed with oyster shells. The dissolution experiment conducted 100days under artificial rainfall and farming soil, mixed with sewage treatment sludge and oyster shells, was put into the pots(approx. 0.5L). The results from dissolution experiment as follows. 1. K, Na was $5{\sim}20mg/{\ell}$, and Ca was less than $90mg/{\ell}$. 2. Heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, As, Pb, Cr, Hg are dissoluted far less than the soil pollution guideline. The application of sewage sludge mixed with oyster shells increases pH(soil acidity)and buffer capacity(CEC) of farming soil, and heavy metals are thought to be attached to soil as insoluble forms.

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Occurrence of Atypical Aeromonas Salmonicida in Mandarin Fish (SSOGARI: Korean Name) Siniperca Scherzeri (양식 쏘가리에서 Atypical Aeromonas Salmonicida의 발병)

  • Park, Seong-Bin;Nho, Seong-Won;Jang, Ho-Bin;Cha, In-Seok;Kim, Young-Rim;Ha, Mi-Ae;Kang, Sang-Chul;Kim, Jae-Hoon;Jung, Tae-Sung
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.289-294
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    • 2010
  • Mandarin fish (SSOGARI: Korean name) has emerged as new aquaculture and aquarium fish among Korean native fish species. Unfortunately, this fish could not exempt from infectious agent invasion. As an epidemiological survey, high mortality of mandarin fish (Siniperca scherzeri) observed from a fish farm in Gyeongnam province of South Korea. The major macroscopic sign of the diseased fish was severe multifocal dermal ulceration. Histological observation revealed inflammation, necrosis and colonization of bacteria in various tissues. Seven bacterial isolates from the diseased fish were identified as Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida (typical A. salmonicida) using API 20E and 20NE system. However, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using two different primers (AP and MIY) revealed that the bacterial strains were not typical A. salmonicida, but atypical A. salmonicida. This study demonstrates that PCR assay is a reliable method for the confirmation of atypical A. salmonicida in mandarin fish as compared to biochemical tests. Furthermore, this is the first account of extensive dermatitis in mandarin fish due to atypical A. salmonicida infection, which has high potential in aquaculture and aquarium fish among native fish species.