• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.105-107
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• 1972

The effects of copper and salt on the hemoglobin patterns of Carassius carassius, Ophicephalus argus, and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were investigated by vertical starch gel electrophoresis. The number of the hemoglobin band of normal C. cararsius on the anode was one, and that of O. argus was two; neither the number of the homoglobin bands of the fishes nor the mobility of them was affected by copper or salt. The hemoglobin mobility of O. argus was faster than those of C. carassius and M. anguillicaudatus. Normal M. anguillicaudatus had two hemoglobin bands with nearly identical mobilities, one band migrating anodically and the other cathodically. When M. anguillicaudatus was exposed to copper, the mobility of band on the anode was faster than those of the other groups of control and exposed to salt, whereas the hemoglobin band on the cathode was not affected.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.127-127
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• 2017

열전모듈이란 온도차를 기전력으로 바꾸거나, 반대로 기전력으로 온도 차이를 만들어내는 모듈이다. 열전발전의 경우, 고열 부분의 열이 빠르게 방출되지 못하면 소자와 기판의 손상을 가져올 수 있기 때문에 열전모듈 기판의 방열성능은 매우 중요하다. 따라서 열전모듈이 실제 발전용으로 사용되기 위해서는 방열성이 높은 기판, 즉 열전도도가 높은 기판이 적용되어야 한다. 그러나 현재 일반적으로 사용되는 알루미나는 그 열전도도가 30 w/mK 정도밖에 되지 않아 그 방열성능이 많이 떨어진다. 이를 해결하기 위해 열전도도가 높은 소재를 베이스 기판으로 한 모듈이 연구되어져야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 열전도도가 237 w/mk 정도로 높은 알루미늄을 기판으로 이용해 열전모듈 기판을 제조하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 알루미늄 베이스 기판 위에 전해에칭, 수화처리, 양극산화 및 전기동도금을 실시하였다. 알루미늄 상에 양극산화처리를 통하여 절연층 역할을 할 산화피막을 형성하고, 백금을 스퍼터링법으로 코팅해 전도성을 부여하였으며 그 이후 바로 전기 동 도금을 실시하였다. 또한 전처리 과정으로 전해에칭을 통해 표면의 조도를 증가시켰고 갈고리 효과를 통해 밀착력을 증가시키고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 기판으로 사용하기 적합한 절연특성과 기판의 열전도도 측정을 통한 우수한 방열성능도 확인할 수 있었다. 뿐만 아니라 Cross Cut Adhesion Test를 통하여 밀착력도 우수하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 표면과 단면관찰을 통해 목적대로 기판의 도금이 잘 이루어 졌다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 공정을 통해 제조된 열전모듈 기판은 우수한 방열성능을 통하여 열전모듈의 성능과 수명을 한층 더 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.14-15
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.1289-1290
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• 2011

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.79-82
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• 1992

A bipolar pulse conductometric detector has been developed for continuous on-line monitroring of the flowing sample streams. The conductometric detector was fast and easy to use due to the free of interferences by serial or parallel capacitances. The performance of the bipolar pulse conductometric detector was tested using dummy cells with $10^1{\sim}10^8$ ohm resistance range and found a linear response with a 0.01% relative standard deviation. The possible applications of the bipolar pulse conductometric detector was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.5 no.4 s.16
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• pp.33-39
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• 2001

This paper was studied on corrosion behavior of absorption refrigeration systems using $LiBr-H_2O$ working fluids. In the various concentration of lithium bromide solution, polarization test of SS 400, Cu(C1220T-OL) and Al-Ni bronze is carried out. And the corrosion behavior of materials forming absorption refrigeration systems is investigated. The main results are as following: 1) As concentration of lithium bromide solution increases, polarization resistance of materials of each kinds is low. And open circuit potential becomes less noble, the corrosion current density is high drained 2) Open circuit potential of SS 400 is less noble than that of Cu and Al-Ni bronze, corrosion current density of SS5 400 is high drained than that of Cu and Al-Ni bronze. 3) Anodic polarization of Cu and Al-Ni bronze in $62\%$ LiBr solution continues the active state. that of Cu and Al-Ni bronze in the natural sea water maintains the active state and the critical current for passivation appears.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.14-22
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• 2018

In this study, scarp of PCB containing copper and precious metals was manufactured as an anode, and electrorefining experiments were conducted on change of $H_2SO_4$ concentration and current density. Through electrolytic refining experiments, the concentration of Cu and slime recovered from each electrode was analyzed, element behavior was confirmed, and current efficiency was also calculated. As the $H_2SO_4$ concentration was increased, the current efficiency and the purity of Cu decreased, but the precious metals in the anode slime were maximally concentrated with 2.0 M $H_2SO_4$. In addition, as the current density was increased, the current efficiency decreased and the purity of Cu showed a tendency to increase, and the precious metals in the anode slime were maximally concentrated with $300A/m^2$. As a result of the pilot scale experiments, the Au content was 8,705 mg/kg, the Ag content was 35,092 mg/kg in the anode slime. As compared with the initial content, Au was concentrated 16 times and Ag concentrated 14 times.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.23-29
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• 2018

Recently rapid economic growth and technological development have led to an increase in the generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). As the amount of electric and electronic waste generated increases, the importance of processing waste printed circuit boards (PCB) is also increasing. Various studies have been conducted to recycle various valuable metals contained in a waste PCB in an environmentally friendly and economical manner. To get anode slime containing Ag and Au, Anode copper prepared from PCB scraps was used by means of electro-refining. Ag and Au recovery was conducted by leaching, direct reduction, and ion exchange method. In the case of silver, the anode slime was leached at 3 M $HNO_3$, 100 g/L, $70^{\circ}C$, and Ag was recovered by precipitation, alkali dissolution, and reduction method. In the case of gold, the nitrate leaching residues of the anode slime was leached at 25% aqua regia, 200 g/L, $70^{\circ}C$, and Au was recovered by pH adjustment, ion exchange resin adsorption, desorption and reduction method. The purity of the obtained Au and Ag were confirmed to be 99.99%.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.25-26
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• 2017

본 논문은 양극성 직류배전망 연계를 위한 3-level NPC AC/DC 컨버터 제어 시 PI제어와 연산량 감소 모델예측제어를 혼합한 제어 기법을 제안한다. 이를 통해 기존에 비해 향상된 동특성을 확인할 수 있다. 제안하는 제어 기법을 PSIM 시뮬레이션을 통해 검증하였다.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2017

Leaching experiments of anode slime were performed with several inorganic acids (HCl, $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$) together with thiourea and thiosulfate solution to recover gold and silver. Gold was not dissolved at all into these inorganic acids in the absence of any oxidizing agents. At the same concentration of inorganic acid, the leaching of percentage of Ag was the highest in the sulfuric acid solution. The leaching percentage of silver increased with the increase of HCl concentration owing to the formation of $AgCl_2{^-}$. Copper, nickel and zinc except tin was almost dissolved in these inorganic acids but no tin was dissolved in nitric acid solution. Most of Au and Ag were dissolved into the mixture of sulfuric acid and thiourea solution. Thiosulfate could dissolve some silver from the anode slime but no gold was dissolved by this agent.