• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2588-2597
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• 2011

The EEG asymmetry of prefrontal lobe has been researched to analyze the affect such as depression or anxiety and the behavioral characteristics such as BIS(Behavioral Inhibition System)/BAS(Behavioral Activational System) on the basiss of alpha band. However there has been several proposals about the importance of beta asymmetry pointing out the limitation of alpha asymmetry. Here, for 44 numbers of 4-year-old children, by comparing alpha asymmetry and beta asymmetry with BIS/BAS results respectively, we propose the way to classify the characteristics of affect and behavioral trend. We also found that BIS is related with beta-asymmetry, while BAS is related with alpha-asymmetry. As for the affective trait, we use the alpha asymmetry following the other results. Our results seem to be consistent with the other results that the synapse formation of young children is more active at the hemisphere than the right hemisphere.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.144-148
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 쾌한 향과 불쾌한 향에 대한 좌우 반구의 차이를 보여 주는 비대칭 지수를 사용하여, 두 반구 사이의 변화를 살펴보았다. 중년층과 장년층 여성을 대상으로, 100%의 Basil oil, Lavender oil, Lemon oil, Jasmin oil, Ylangylang oil(KIMEX co. Ltd), Sketol의 총 6가지 종류의 천연향을 제시한 후, 주관적 평가를 통해 쾌한 향과 불쾌한 향을 구분한 후, 이 두 향에 대한 뇌파의 비대칭도를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 중년층의 경우, 주관적 평가에서 쾌한 향으로 나타난 lemon향을 제시했을 때, 불쾌한 향을 제시한 경우에 비해 세타파와 알파파에서 우반구 부분이 우세한 경향을 보여 주었고, 장년층에 비해 중년층은 마찬가지로 세타파와 알파파에서 쾌한 향 자극 시 우반구가 우세함을 보여 주었다.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.10
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• pp.451-456
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• 2014

The correlations between electroencephalographic (EEG) spectral power and emotional responses during affective sound clip listening are important parameters. Hemispheric asymmetry in prefrontal activation have been proposed in two decades ago, as measured by power value, is related to reactivity to affectively pleasure audio stimuli. In this study, we designed an emotional audio stimulus experiment in order to verify frontal EEG asymmetry by analyzing Event-related Spectral Perturbation (ERSP) results. Thirty healthy college male students volunteered the stimulus experiment with the standard IADS(International Affective Digital Sounds) clips. These affective sound clips are classified in three emotion states, high pleasure-high arousal (happy), middle pleasure-low arousal (neutral) and low pleasure-high arousal (fear). The analysis of the data was performed in both theta (4-8Hz) and alpha (8-13Hz) bands. ERSP maps in the alpha band revealed that there are the stronger power responses of high pleasure (happy) in the right frontal lobe, while the stronger power responses of middle-low pleasure (neutral and fear) in the left frontal lobe. Moreover, ERSP maps in the theta band revealed that there are the stronger power responses of high arousal (fear and happy) in the left pre-frontal lobe, while the stronger responses of low arousal (neutral) in the right pre-frontal lobe. However, the high pleasure emotions (happy) can elicit greater relative right EEG activity, while the low and middle pleasure emotions (fear and neutral) can elicit the greater relative left EEG activity. Additionally, the most differences of theta band have been found out in the medial frontal lobe, which is proved as the frontal midline theta. And there are the strongest responses of happy sounds in the alpha band around the whole frontal regions. These results are well suited for emotion recognition, and provide the evidences that theta and alpha powers may have the more important role in the emotion processing than previously believed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality bowling on emotional changes using EEG (Electroencephalogram). Sixteen bowling players who have at least three years of experiences in bowling participated in this study. Their aged ranged from 26 to 35 years old with a mean age of 29.6 years. The frontal lobes (Fp2-Fp1, F4-F3, F8-F7) of each player were measured while subjects were performing five games of bowling. And after performing every frame, their emotion was measured immediately with Visual Analogue Scale. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance to test differences in the alpha value of each region of the frontal lobes. The dependent variable is the alpha power of the cerebral asymmetry. The results showed that players who scored a strike showed higher VAS values than those who missed the spares or cleared the spares; those who cleared spares showed higher VAS values than those who missed spares In addition, with respect to frontal R-L asymmetry score, the alpha-wave of the left frontal lobe was activated when scoring a strike and clearing spares and the alpha-wave of the right frontal lobe was activated when missing spares. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that success or achievement in competition gives rise to positive emotions and vice versa. This study neurophysiologically proved that performance outcomes during a competition directly influence players' emotion and brain waves.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2007

Objectives : Studies have reported differences between depressed adults and controls in quantitative measures of EEG alpha asymmetry, but, there are few using Korean subjects. So, the present study compared EEG regional alpha asymmetries of patients having major depressive disorder(MDD) and normal controls. Methods : The subjects in this study were 11 unmedicated unipolar depressed patients and 11 non-depressed, age matched controls. Resting EEG(eyes closed and eyes open) was recorded from each participant using 8 scalp electrodes. Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS), Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) were used to evaluate depression and anxiety symptoms. Results : The severities of depression measured by self-report questionnaires were positively associated with those of anxiety(state and trait) ; The subjects were both anxious and depressed. Anxious-depressed patients differed from controls in alpha asymmetry at T4 channels. They showed evidence of greater activation over right than left temporal site. Conclusion : These findings are consistent with the previousely reported alpha asymmetry of depressed patients with an anxiety disorder. The failure to find the evidence of reduced right parietal activity in depression is presumed to be due to opposing effects of comorbid anxiety on parietotemporal activity.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2020

Objectives: Brain maturation involves brain lateralization and asymmetry to achieve efficient information processing and cognitive controls. This study elucidates normal brain maturation change during the gap between ages 6-9 and age 14-17 using resting EEG. Methods: An EEG dataset was acquired from open source MIPDB (Multimodal Resource for Studying Information Processing in the Developing Brain). Ages 6-9 (n = 24) and ages 14-17 (n = 26) were selected for analysis, and subjects with psychiatric illness or EEG with severe noise were excluded. Finally, ages 6-9 (n = 14) and ages 14-17 (n = 11) were subjected to EEG analysis using EEGlab. A 120-sec length of resting EEG when eyes were closed was secured for analysis. Brain topography was compartmentalized into nine regions, best fitted with brain anatomical structure. Results: Absolute power of the delta band and theta band in ages 6-9 was greater than that of ages 14-17 in the whole brain, and, also is relative power of delta band in frontal compartment, which is same line with previous studies. The relative power of the beta band of ages 14-17 was greater than that of ages 6-9 in the whole brain. In asymmetry evaluation, relative power of the theta band in ages 14-17 showed greater power in the left than right frontal compartment; the opposite finding was noted in the parietal compartment. For the alpha band, a strong relative power distribution in the left parietal compartment was observed in ages 14-17. Absolute and relative power of the alpha band is distributed with hemispheric left lateralization in ages 14-17. Conclusion: During the gap period between ages 6-9 and ages 14-17, brain work becomes more complicated and sophisticated, and alpha band and beta band plays important roles in brain maturation in typically developing children.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.219-224
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 개인의 성격이 소리자극에 의하여 유도되는 감성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 대학생 450명(남자: 210명)을 대상으로 행동활성화체계(BAS)와 행동억제체계(BIS) 민감성의 고저에 따라 두 집단을 추출하여 안정상태에서 전전두엽(PFC)의 비대칭적 활성화를 측정한 뒤, 긍정감성과 부정감성을 각각 유발하는 소리들을 제시하여 느끼는 감성에 대한 심리반응 변화를 평가하고 이에 따른 전전두엽의 비대칭적 활성화의 변화를 관찰하였다. 긍정감성과 부정감성을 유도하는 소리는 명상음악과 소음을 각각 사용하였으며 안정상태와 음향청취상태에서의 전전두엽 영역 활성화를 관찰하기 위하여 F7와 F8 부위에서 EEG의 알파밴드(8-13 Hz) 활성도를 분석하였다.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2008

Objective : This study examined whether major depressive disorder patients with anxiety traits displayed abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha asymmetries. Methods : Resting EEG was recorded in 11 outpatients with major depressive disorder (6 of whom had a high anxiety trait while 5 exhibited a low anxiety trait) and 6 controls. Results : In contrast to the controls, within the major depressive disorder patient group, comorbid anxiety disorder showed alpha asymmetry indicative of less activation over right than over left temporal sites. Patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder but no anxiety disorder showed a reduced temporal alpha asymmetry, supporting the potential importance of evaluating anxiety in studies of regional brain activation, in depressed patients. Conclusion : These findings suggest that anxiety is associated with brain hypoactivation, especially with right temporal hypoactivation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.452-458
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• 2017

In this study, a device was developed for diagnosing depression using EEG signals from July 2016 to June 2017. For normal people, the left alpha rhythm is more activated than the right alpha rhythm, but for the depressed patients, the right alpha rhythm is more activated than the left one. An analog circuit and digital low pass filter were used for noise removal and amplification of EEG, and the Hamming window function was applied to eliminate the signal leakage generated by the fast Fourier transform. To verify the validity of the developed diagnosis system, the EEG of 20 university students in the 3rd and 4th grade with an average age of 24 years was measured. Calculations of the relative value of the left and right alpha rhythm for the depression diagnosis revealed a minimum, maximum, and mean value of 66.7, 113.3, and 92.2, respectively. In addition, 7 out of 20 subjects were between 90 and 95, and those with a higher mean deviation of approximately 20 tended to have mild depression. These results can provide meaningful data for the development of depression treatment equipment by solving the left and right brain asymmetry problem, and it may be applied usefully to diagnose depression after clinical trials on a large number of depressed patients.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.853-855
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• 2018

현재 맥파(ECG; Electrocardiogram) 및 뇌파(EEG: electroencephalography)의 파형 분석기술은 다양하게 적용되고 있으니 이들을 종합적으로 활용한 개인용 건강서비스 개발은 아직 미비 한 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 측정대상자의 정신적 혹은 육체적 피로도를 나타내는 8가지의 지표로서 집중도, 전두엽 비대칭 정도, 좌우뇌 활성도 대칭 값, 알파파 및 베타파 훈련도 (이상은 뇌파 분석 결과), 스트레스 레벨, 심박 수, 자율신경균형도 (이상은 맥파 분석 결과)]를 개인에게 알려주는 생체정보기반 개인건강 관리 소프트웨어 시스템의 설계 및 개발 결과에 대하여 서술한다.