• 한국상하수도협회지
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• s.29
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• pp.24-25
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• 2010

마을상수도는 상수도가 공급되지 않는 농어촌지역 주민들의 편의를 위하여 제공하는 수도의 형태로, 현재 2만3천여 개의 간이급수시설이 설치 운영되고 있다. 농어촌지역 주민들의 유일한 식수 및 생활용수원으로 사용되기 때문에 관리와 운영에 문제가 발생하면 해당지역 주민들의 건강이나 생활에 직접적인 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 마을상수도의 안전성 확보는 농어촌지역 주민들의 건강한 삶을 유지하기 위해 반드시 이루어져야 하는 중요한 사안이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.193-193
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• 2004

처분시설의 안정성 평가에 사용된 시나리오와 파라미터들은 본질적으로 불확실성을 가지고 있다. 이러한 불확시설성을 평가하기 위해서 동일한 시나리오에 대해서 평가 입력 파라미터의 변화에 따라 개인피폭선량 결과가 어떻게 변화하는지를 분석하였다. 본 분석에서는 처분시설을 빠져나온 핵종이 하부의 불포화된 토양층을 지나 대수층에 이른후 지하수에 의한 분산과 이류 등에 의해 인간환경의 우물까지 이동되고, 우물을 통해 다시 희석되어 부지 경계의 주민이 우물물을 식수로 사용하는 '지하수음용시나리오'가 고려되었다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.229-230
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• 2001

최근, 물이 인류의 생존을 위협하는 문제로 인식되며 중요시되고 있으며, 이는 식수에 대한 국민의 생존권 및 건강권 뿐 아니라 청정하지 못한 수질에서 어획 또는 양식되는 수산자원의 안전성과도 결부되어 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 이는 중금속 뿐 아니라 세균이나 바이러스 등이 먹이연쇄를 통하여 건강을 위협할 수 있기 때문이다. 이로부터 다양한 수처리 기법이 개발되고 있으며, 그 중 하나인 화학적 산화법은 수중 오염물을 화학적으로 산화시켜 생분해성이 좋아지게 하거나 흡착법으로 쉽게 제거될 수 있는 최종 또는 중간 생성물로 변화시키는 방법으로서 염소, 오존, 과산화수소, 과망간칼륨 등이 통용되고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food and Cookery Science Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.102-102
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• 2003

학교급식의 안전성을 도모하고자 도입된 HACCP 시스템 모든 형태의 급식소에서 중요하게 취급되나 성공적으로 적용(Implementation)하기 위해서는 급식소의 성격에 따라 1개의 메뉴에 1개씩 개발되어야 한다. 본 연구는 급식수가 비슷한 경북 농촌지역의 공동관리 초등학교(W, 133명 와 D, 143명)를 대상으로 2002년 12월에서 2003년 2월까지 메뉴(오징어덮밥)의 생산 공정도를 작성하고, HACCP을 적용하여 온도-시간 중심의 중점관리 기준을 포함한 생산 계획표를 작성하였다. 재료별 중점관리 기준은 냉동 오징어의 요리 전 처리의 해동 방법과 손질로 해산물 전용 도마의 구분과 지하수가 아닌 식수의 사용이며, 소요시간은 썰기 작업을 포함하여 1시간 15분을 초과하지 않도록 한다. (중략)

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2003

Two aims of the present study were the evaluation of hygienic, microbial safety on food services of elementary schools in Western Gyeongnam province, and then, the construction of database for the SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operation Procedures) practice. A total of 98 samples were collected from drinking water, waterworks, kitchen utensils, kitchen equipments, employees and cooked foods. Total bacteria was counted and pathogenic bacteria such E. coli, salmonella, yersinia, vibrio parahaemolyticus and staphylococcus were identified based on the biochemical analysis. Following are the results: the number of bacteria showed from 1.0x10$^2$CFU/ mL to 1.0x10$^{6}$ CFU/mL in most samples, which the level exceeds normal range. Over 1.0x10$^{5}$ CFU/ml bacteria were observed from the kimchi in 4 places (B, C, D, E), because cooked food such as kimchi had not been heated. As a rule, the bacterium level in place B was higher than that in any of the other places. E-coli were isolated from kitchen knives (C, E) and Kimchi (E): staphylococci were isolated from drinking water (A), hands (D), refrigerator (E) and apron (E). But, salmonella, vibrio and yersinia were not detected in anywhere. In conclusion, the presence of bacteria and pathogenic agents in school food service was closely related to hygienic practice. For that reason, it is necessary to have more systematic and efficient management in order to enhance the food safety.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2021

Gongali model Co. Ltd located in Arusha, Tanzania is operating a Nanofilter water station using locally produced bone char to remove fluoride in groundwater. Bone char produced locally had a high turbidity and high concentration of organic matter, which cause color. In addition, since the fluorine adsorption efficiency is low, there is a problem in high maintenance cost due to a short replacement cycle of bone char. In order to overcome this challenge, our research team was that a local furnace was manufactured and applied for produce high adsorption bone char in Gongali model Co. Ltd. By producing high-adsorption bone char locally, the operating efficiency of the Nanofilter water station increased, and it was possible to stably and continuously provide drinking water to local residents. In addition, by presenting a sustainable business model to Gongali model Co Ltd, the persistence of high adsorption bone char and a plan to spread the Nanofilter water station were suggested. Therefore, it was possible to propose a plan to continuously supply low-cost drinking water to the low-income and the neglected class through this local project.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.357-368
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• 2016

Cambodia is the representative of developing country in Southeast Asia region. As a view point of water resource, Cambodia has in abundance but public sanitation problems persist in rural areas due to unsafe drinking water and untreated human waste. The purpose of this research is to prepare and develop new strategies for the water aid program in Cambodia by assessing, reviewing, and analyzing the present situation of water pollution for rural areas and the existing water use cycle in these regions. Pproyap and Langthle regions in Pursat province are selected as research areas. Cambodian's rural population in research areas relies on surface water stored in drinking-detention swamps, rain-water jars, and unprotected wells. The two types of main measures, thermotolerant coliform(TTC) bacteria and general pollutants, were conducted to assess the quality of selected water samples for research areas. TTC is a bacterial indicator of waterborne fecal contamination. For the 26 water samples, only one of the samples met the WHO standard for safe drinking water of 0 TTC colony forming units/100 mL.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.847-856
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• 2019

The various environmental issues arose with the development of today's economy. naturally, people were increased interest in environment and the importance of research on drinking water and contamination are emerging especially. A number of country areas, uranium and ²²²Rn in ground water have been detected to people using as drinking water. So this study evaluated the way for more accurate measurements than when measuring ²²²Rn concentrations in the ground water containing. the experiment was performed using the low-level liquid scintillation counter with an alpha, beta analysis easy PSA function of pulse. the scintillator as the preparation of the ground water samples are mixed, the measure value detection is lowered over prepare period and expiration date. Energy spectrum was also moved to a lower side channel. As a long time to buy the scintillator and over time after opening, it was confirmed that detection is lowered. if the purpose is to use a different scintillator can see the energy through the channel change.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.142-154
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• 2022

Arsenic (As) contamination in groundwater is one of the main problems in Bangladesh. As toxicity causes serious human health problems such as edema, skin cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, hyperkeratosis, premature birth, and black foot disease. As contamination in groundwater mainly originates from the geological characteristics of the area due to the influence of anthropogenic activities. Since most of the people in Bangladesh rely on tube well for drinking water, it is necessary to investigate the current status of As pollution and identify the treatment technologies that can be used to provide arsenic-free drinking water in water-scarce areas. A total of 92 papers were reviewed in this study to present a complete overview of the recent status of groundwater As contamination in Bangladesh and different low-cost remediation technologies. A method for evaluating the relative feasibility of different treatment technologies was also utilized to determine the most appropriate technologies for groundwater As treatment in Bangladesh. The districts with the highest groundwater As contamination include Brahamanbariya, Tangail, Barisal, Pabna, Patuakhali, Kurigram, Magura, and Faridpur, with concentrations exceeding 0.05 mg/L. Only six districts had relatively low groundwater arsenic concentrations (0.01 mg/L), including Kushtia, Khagrachari, Jessore, Dinajpur, Meherpur, and Munshiganj. There were a number of technologies used for treating As in water, but aerated electrocoagulation, Mg-Fe-based hydrotalcite-like compound, and electro-chemical As remediation (ECAR) reactor were found to be the most feasible treatment methods for As. Overall, the investment, operational, and maintenance costs, availability of materials, and expertise requirements should be considered when selecting the most appropriate treatment method for As in water.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.365-372
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to implement HACCP system to foodservice of W and D elementary schools with joint-lunch management system in Kyungsan area. Steamed rice with squid was selected and Control Action, Monitoring Procedure and Control measure were identified based on HACCP flowchart to produce safe and healthy food. It was suggested that frozen squid must be thawed under the cold running city water and kept temperature below 1$0^{\circ}C$ and receiving/thawing procedure has to be done within 30 min. Raw vegetables must be washed under three-tube wash stand and whole prepreparation procedures should be done in 20 minutes. Clean and sanitize all the equipment and utensils before and after handling squid. Knives and cutting boards for vegetable and squid should be classified. Sauce for steamed rice with squid should be heated about 21 minutes to reach the temperature of 94$^{\circ}C$ before serving and internal temperature of food must be kept above 84.4$^{\circ}C$ during serving. The ideal temperature of kitchen should be remained 15∼18$^{\circ}C$. The underground water has to be excluded to minimize the risk of contamination in the foodservice facility and the prepreparation place must be separated with cooking place. Also, Personal hygiene Practice should be check in each stage. Further, additional research needs to be conducted to determine models for HACCP implementation for different menu.