• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.367-372
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• 2013

To diagnose sensory nerve damage, patient values for thermal stimuli as quantitative sensory test (QST) can be compared with the values of the general population (absolute reference data) or to values measured at contralateral unaffected side (relative reference data). It is well know that relative reference data are more sensitive for detecting sensory abnormality than absolute reference data. However it is still lack of the studies for comparisons between relative and absolute data. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of relative reference data and compare the sensitivities of the two approaches in the orofacial region. In 19 young Korean women as normal subjects, quantitative somatosensory thermotest were done in the forehead, cheek, mentum, lower lip and tongue tip bilaterally. After we get the standard deviations (SD) of average reference data and relative reference data, the ratios SD absolute data/SD relative data were calculated. Our study showed that relative reference data for side to side comparisons in the same patient have the high ratios than the absolute reference data, i.e. the side to side comparisons with relative reference data exhibit gain in sensitivity in assessment of sensory abnormality.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.324-331
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• 1991

Ocular injuries often accompany midfacial trauma Blindness related to indirect optic nerve injury in midfacial fractures is an uncommon and usually permanent complication. Opic nerve blindness is secondary to an indirect optic nerve injury due to the skeletal distortion that occurs in a facial fracture and almost all are caused by frontal, nasoethmoido-frontal or Le Fort III type fractures. When the loss of vision following midfacial fractures is complete and immediate, the prognosis is poor in spite of treatment. Computed tomography revealed compressin of the optic nerve by bony fragments. And so if injury to the optic nerve is suspected, a CT-scan must be performed and massive steroid therapy must be started as soon as possible. Surgery must be performed if there are hematoma or bony fragments injuring the nerve. The following report concerns two patients who suffered immediate and total loss of vision due to a midfacial fracture with no improvement after massive steroid therapy and surgial decompression.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.69-73
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• 2007

목적 : X-ray를 통해 안면마비에 다용되는 예풍과 안면통에 다용되는 하관에서의 안전한 자침 깊이에 대하여 고찰하여 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 건강한 지원자들에게 원치 않을 경우 언제든지 시험을 중지할 권리가 있다는 것을 공지한 후, 시험에 동의한 남녀 각각 2명의 피험자들을 대상으로 대학병원 침구과 전문의가 예풍과 하관을 직자(直刺)($40mm{\times}0.35mm$ 일회용 침)하였다. 피험자의 이상 반응 유무를 살피며 안면신경 혹은 삼차신경이 지나가는 경로로 알려진 깊이까지 진침(進鎬)하였다. 유침(留鍼) 상태에서 Skull X-ray의 AP view와 Lateral view를 촬영하였다. 결과 : 피험자들은 침병이 피부에 도달 하는 동안(40mm 직자) 자침 혈위에서 중창감(重脹感)을 자각하였으며, 추후 어떠한 이상 반응도 보이지 않았다. 결론 : 안면마비와 안면통의 효율적인 치료를 위하여 안면신경과 삼차신경에 근접할 수 있는 혈위인 예풍과 하관에서의 40mm 직자는 신경염이나 뇌 손상과 같은 이상 반응을 유발하지 않았다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2011

Tetanus is fatal neurological disease caused by Clostridium tetani on contaminated wound that is characterised by muscle spasm, muscle pain, and autonomic dysfuction. C. tetani exist on contaminated wound frequently that developed clinical tetanus under low oxygen condition. Tetanus have four symptomatic form: generalized, localized, cephalic, and neonatal. The incubation period is about 7 days and mortality is high. The commonest presenting symptom is trismus and other is stiffness of neck and back(opisthotonos), muscle spasm, dysphagia, facial pain, risus sardonicus. Trismus is primary presenting symptom in 50~75% of the cases and this have high possibility of initial visit to dental office. This case report of a patient who visit in our department with trismus as chief complaint.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 1991

Maxillofacial deformities are not considered to be a trouble in social life but function. So many maxillofacial plastc surgeons has made efforts to overcome these troubles and bring out more positive life. The proper proportion and shape decide esthetic quality. Lower third of face was consist with lip, cheek, mandibular lower border and mandibular angle. Widening lower third of face give a impression with muscular and recklessness. And lower and wide mandibular angle makes face square shape. Unilateral involvement cause asymmestric face. These face is considered unfavorable, especially in Korea or Japan. We prevent a number of with mandibular angle Bulging which was corrected with mandibular osteotomy or masseter myotomy.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.22-25
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• 2014

Fibrous dysplasia(FD) is a benign fibro-ossifying disease in which fibrous tissue replaces normal bone and marrow. Craniofacial bones, including the maxilla and mandible, are commonly involved. A 7 year-old girl visited the clinic with a chief complaint of gingival swelling around the lower left primary molar. Mild bulging of the lower left periodontal tissue was observed. Not only the mandible, but also the maxilla, zygoma, sphenoid, and temporal bones were affected by FD. Permanent tooth germs were involved in the lesions and facial asymmetry was caused by lower left bone expansion. She was scheduled for a follow-up visit at the department of pediatric dentistry and oromaxillofacial surgery.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.262-268
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• 2016

Hemifacial spasm is a disease caused by involuntary facial muscles with repeated unilateral convulsive spasms. It involves contraction of multiple muscles at the same time (synkinesia). The pathogenesis appears to be the pressure on the vessel by the facial nerve. This study included hemifacial spasm patients, who received microvascular decompression surgery. Brainstem auditory evoked potential and the examination time were carefully noted when using brain surgical retractor. The facial nerve electromyography tests for the identification of artifacts and EMG waveform when the facial nerve damage, about the importance of the maintenance of anesthesia in the lateral spread response and in a somatosensory evoked potential propose a new method. Based on the above test, it will be more effective.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.10-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the injury mechanism of facial injury related to an air-bag's deployment in occupant motor vehicle accident (MVA) by using Hospital Information System (HIS) and reconstruction program, based on the materials related to motor vehicle accidents. Among patients who visited the emergency department of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital due to motor vehicle accidents from August 2012 to February 2014, we collected data on patients with agreement for taking the damaged vehicle's photos. After obtaining the verbal consent from the patient, we asked about the cause of the accident, information on vehicle involved in the accident, and the location of car repair shop. The photos of the damaged vehicle were taken on the basis of front, rear, left side and right side. Damage to the vehicle was presented using the CDC code by analytical study of photo-images of the damaged vehicle, and a trauma score was used for medical examination of the severity of the patient's injury. Among the 309 patients with agreement for an investigation, thirty five (11.3 %) were the severe who had ISS over 15. And also, sixteen (5.2%) derived from the reconstructed data (maximum collision energy, maximum acceleration, delta V) by PC-Crash. As a result, ISS including the facial injuries was affected by the condition. It was high when the number of crash extent, the safety belt was not fastened, and the seating position of occupant and the direction of collision is same. For accurate analysis of the relationship between occupant injury and vehicle damage in MVAs, build-up of an in-depth database through carrying out various policies for motor vehicle accidents is necessary for sure.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2012

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been applied successfully to treat chronic migraine, dystonia, spasticity and temporomandubular disorders(TMDs) as well as frontal wrinkle and glabella wrinkle. Recently it has been reported that BoNT-A, reversibly blocks presynaptic acetylcholine release, also inhibits the release of substance P, CGRP(calcitonin gene related peptide) and glutamate related to peripheral sensitization and neurogenic inflammation in sensory nerve, In this study we reviewed animal nerve injury model such as rat and rabbit and identify the analgesic effect and mechanism of nerve injury pain after dental treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.677-680
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• 2000

Orbital injuries are common with facial trauma. Direct injuries to the globe are not rare but it can result in complications such as chemosis, subconjunctival hemorrhage and hyphema. Periorbital trauma or injuries to the extraocular muscles and blow-out fracture may result in lid edema, ecchymosis & ptosis and diplopia or limitation of ocular motion respectively. Indirect injuries to the optic nerve come up without any injuries but its complication is irreversible and severe such as loss of vision. The aim of this study is to review the literature on blindness or ptosis following facial trauma and present the cases of blindness after facial trauma and ptosis after mandibular fracture without specific clinical findings.