• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.301-305
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to evaluate the liquid composting efficiency using pig manure in different condition such as simple storage type reactor, continuous aeration reactor, anaerobic reactor and anaerobic agitation reactor. Continuous aeration reactor was the most efficiency method to BOD and malodors removal than other methods. While nitrogen loss in continuous aeration reactor was 47% of initial concentration, which was the higher amount than any other digestion methods. The digestion efficiency between anaerobic reactor and anaerobic agitation reactor were similar, but E. coli and malodor removal efficiency were a little higher in the anaerobic agitation reactor. Simple storage type reactor which was conventional digestion method in rural area gave lower efficiency than aerobic and anaerobic digestion methods in view of BOD, E. coli and malodor removal. The liquid composting efficiency which were evaluated by various indicators like pH, BOD, E, coli, malodor and nitrogen loss was high in the order of anaerobic agitation reactor>continuous aeration reactor>anaerobic reactor>simple storage type reactor.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 1999

Biofiltration is an attractive technique for elimination of VOCs and odorous compounds from low-concentration, high-volume waste gas streams because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The objective of this study was to estimate the removal characteristics of Odorous Compounds including $H_2$S, $NH_3$End BTEX in MSW landfill gases. This Study was conducted at Nanjido landfill site. A compost from the Nanjido composting facility was used as a filling material for biofiltration. Extracted landfill gases were injected into biofilter reactors after mixing with air. Experiments were performed in an incubator being set to $20^{\circ}C$ $H_2$S concentrations were monitored at the depths of 25, 50, 75 and 100cm from the bottom Of the biofilter reactors. 98% of $H_2$S was removed at the filling depth of only 25cm. NH$_3$removal rate was about 85%. Toluene removal rate was the highest among BTEX. Significant pH drop of a filling material was not observed during the biofilter operation of 1 month. Without mixing the landfill gas stream with all, the removal rate of $H_2$S decreased down to 30%.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.20 no.5 s.94
• /
• pp.345-349
• /
• 2005

The microorganism for odor gas removal was isolated from sewage and contaminated soil. This was characterized as Pseudomonas sp. TKC by morphological, biochemical/physiological, and cultural characteristics analysis of the isolates. The optimum conditions for isolates growth were as follows; substrate concentration 500 ppm, initial medium pH 7.0, incubation temperature $30^{\circ}C$, agitation speed 150 rpm, and MSM medium containing 3 g/L $(NH_4)_2SO_4$.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.60-68
• /
• 2000

Biofiltration is an environmentally-sound technology for elimination of VOCs and odorous compound from low-concentration, high-volume waste gas streams because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. It can be appled to the treatment of gases from publicly owned treatment works, composting facilities, landfill sites, and soil vapor extraction systems. The ability to design an effective biofilter system involves a combination of fundamental biofilter knowledge, practical experience, and bench- and pilot-scale testing. The objective of this paper was to review principle, design parameters, operational conditions, case studies, and economy of biofiltration through literature.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.443-447
• /
• 2003

The microorganism was isolated from the night soil treatment plant for the removal of sulfur compounds. The growth conditions of the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were investigated and the isolate characterized as Thiobacillus noveilus SRM. The optimal pH of Thiobacillus novellus SRM on cell growth was pH 7.0 and the optimal temperature was 30$^{\circ}C$ and the optimal air flow rate was 1 vvm, respectively. As a results of cell growth from the Monod plot, the specific growth rate was 0.032 hr$\^$-l/, $V_{max}$ was 1.43 hr$\^$-l/ and $K_{m}$ was 0.32, respectively. The thiosulfate oxidation by Thiobacillus novellus SRM was made of sulfate ion. The sulfate ion reduced pH and decreased cell growth.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2000

폐수거품은 전 세계의 폐수처리장에서 악취생산과 BOD의 증가 및 부유고형물의 원인과 같은 수많은 문제들을 야기시킨다. Actinomycetes가 폐수거품에 존재하는 주요 미 생물군으로 알려져있다. Hexadecane은 폐수, 토양, 바닷물과 같은 자연환경에서 오염물질로 고려되는 복잡한 기름 성분의 대표적인 구성성분이다. Hexadecane은 폐수로부터 얻어진 폐수거품에 의한 분해가능성을 평가하기 위한 대표적인 모델 화합물로서 사용되었다. Gas chromatography (GC)/mass (MS)가 시료중에 있는 hexadecane의 분석을 위해 사용되었다. 본 연구를 통해서, hexadecane은 폐수거품에 의해 분해될 수 있는 것으로 사료된다. 멸균시킨 폐수거품시료를 포함하고 있는 control시료에서, hexadecane은 거의 분해되지 않았다. 반면에, 같은 방법에 의해 멸균되지 않은 폐수시료에서, hexadecane은 급속히 분해되었다. 덧붙여서, 농축폐수거품이 들어있는 시료는 3주 동안 건조된 폐수거품의 시료보다 hexadecane을 분해하는 데 더욱 효과가 높았다. 그러나, 3주 후에는 농축폐수거품의 시료에 남아있는 hexadecane의 농도는 건조된 폐수거품시료의 농도와 유사하였다. 요약컨대, 농축된 폐수거품시료와 건조된 폐수거품시료는 control시료와 비교했을 때, hexadecane의 급속한 분해를 보여주었다. 그러므로 본 연구의 실험결과를 통해서 건조된 폐수거품시료가 hexadecane을 비롯한 다른 chemical들로 오염된 장소를 정화하는 데 실제적으로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2005

In this work, analytical bias arising from the gas chromatographic determination of sulfur compounds was evaluated by the application of direct loop injection method to the GC/PFPD detection of four sulfur compounds including H$_{2}$S, CH$_{3}$SH, DMS, and DMDS. For the proper evaluation of analytical uncertainties involved in GC calibration, we employed two comparative techniques of calibration at fxed concentration injection (CFCI) vs calibration at fixed volume injection (CFVI) method. The results of our study indicate that CFCI method exhibits very poor sensitivity due to the matrix effect with varying injection volumes. On the other hand, as CFVI method overcomes such limitation, it can be used to obtain very accurate quantification of S compounds at their high concentration levels above a few to a few tens ppb.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 1999.10a
• /
• pp.231-232
• /
• 1999

근래에 우리나라에서도 광촉매를 이용한 환경기술에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는데 산화티타늄 광촉매가 가지고 있는 자기정화기능(self-cleaning)과 초친수성을 이용하는 기술 및 공기중의 악취제거(탈취)는 이미 일본에서는 실용화되고 있다. 또한 대로변 혹은 터널에서는 대기 중의 질소산화물 농도가 환경기준치를 초과하는 경우가 많은데 이러한 저농도(0.1 ppm정도)의 질소산화물제거에 광촉매를 이용하고자 하는 적용시험도 진행되고 있는 일본에서는 이와 같이 광촉매가 다방면에 이용 혹은 이용이 시도되고 있는 와중에 광촉매에 대한 맹신 혹은 과대선전에 대한 우려 또한 제기되고 있다(공업재료(일본), 1999).(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.366-367
• /
• 2003

암모니아 가스는 무색의 기체이지만 자극성이 크면서 부식성이 있고 수용액이 알칼리성인 대표적인 악취물질이다. 보통의 경우는 굴뚝 등에서 배출가스의 형태로 대량 방출되기도 하지만 자연상태에서도 여러 가지 생물학적 또는 화학적 반응 등을 통하여 생성되므로, 일상적인 생활 공간에서도 쉽게 검출될 수 있는 물질이다. 대기 중 암모니아의 농도는 기체상 시료를 직접 분석하는 가스 크로마토그래피와 시료를 액체상으로 변환시킨 후 암모늄 양이온의 농도를 분광광도법이나 중화적정법으로 측정한다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.311-312
• /
• 2001

암모니아는 무색의 기체이지만 자극성이 크면서 부식성이 있고 수용액이 알칼리성인 대표적인 악취물질이다. 보통의 경우는 굴뚝 등에서 배출가스의 형태로 대량 방출되기도 하지만 자연상태에서도 여러가지 생물학적 또는 화학적 반응 등을 통하여 생성되므로, 일상적인 생활 공간에서도 쉽게 검출될 수 있는 물질이다. 대기 중 암모니아의 농도는 기체상 시료를 직접 분석하는 가스 크로마토그래피와 시료를 액체상으로 변환시킨 후 암모늄 양이온의 농도를 분광광도법이나 중화적정법으로 측정한다. (중략)