• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.27 no.6 s.65
• /
• pp.871-880
• /
• 1997

Multiple features of occlusion have been combined by epidemiologists in attempts to objectively to determine malocclusion severity and treatment priority. Jenny et al were developed DAI(Dental Aesthetic Index), which is an orthodontic index based on socially defined aesthetic standards. This study aimed to evaluate association between 10 occlusal components of DAI and individual measures of skeletal morphology by use of univariate and multivariate analysis. In addition the relationship between a Dental Aesthetic Index score and skeletal morphology was evaluated. The data for this study were obtained from cephalometric radiographs and dental casts of 182 Korean patients(79 men, 103 women) with permanent dentition who had been accepted for the orthodontic treatment at Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University. The results are as follows: 1. Several occlusal components of DAI(missing, crowding and spacing in the incisal segment, diastema, largest anterior irregularity on upper and lower arch) were not associated with individual measures of craniofacial morphology. 2. Sagittal occlusal components of DAI were associated with anteroposterior skeletal measures. 3. The relation between vertical occlusal components of DAI and vertical skeletal measures was low magnitude. 4. A Dental Aesthetic Index, which is based on several aspects of occlusion, did not identify craniofacial morphology. We can conclude that combination of certain occlusal components of the DAI may be related with specific skeletal morphology; but, this concept could not be accepted generally.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.34 no.4 s.105
• /
• pp.279-287
• /
• 2004

In growing patients with Class III malocclusion, the various patterns of maxillofacial growth are a key element that affects the success or failure of treatment. Therefore it is important to correctly predict maxillofacial growth before initiating treatment. The purpose of this study was to find out the correlation between the maxillofacial morphology of parents and their Class III children by analyzing lateral cephalograms and hereditary factors. Among Class III preadolescent children, 50 families were obtained. To find out the specific hereditary factors involved, fingerprints were obtained and genetic correlation with the maxillofacial morphology was analyzed. The following conclusions were made. 1. A significant correlation (P<0.05-0.00l) was found in many of the cephalometric measurements between the offspring and their parents. The correlation in the skeleton measurements was higher than in the denture measurements. The father-offspring correlation was higher than the mother-offspring correlation 2. A significant correlation (P<0.05-0.00l) was found in fingerprint units between the offspring and their parents. The mother-offspring correlation was higher than the father-offspring correlation. 3. Between the maxillofacial morphology and fingerprint units, there was significant genetic correlation (P<0.05-0.01). Based on the analysis of genetic correlation, higher correlation was found in the parent-son pairing than the parent-daughter pairing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.7
• /
• pp.218-224
• /
• 2009

This study was to investigate the relation between maxillofacial trauma experience and temporomandibular disorder prevalence with a view to helping prevent and cure temporomandibular dysfunctions by conducting a questionnaire survey with 370 students attending C Health Care College located in Ulsan Metropolis. Data collected underwent an analysis using SPSS program, resulting in the following:1. As for TMJ(temporomandibular joint) clicking prevalence rate, with 25.7% of male students and 22.7% of female students answering positively, the former showed higher rate of temporomandibular joint clicking (p<0.01), while no significant difference was identified depending on school years. 2. In terms of temporomandibular pain prevalence rates, females were found to have been more affected than male students. 3. When it comes to trismus prevalence rates, 10.8% of female students and 7.0% of male students responded they had experienced the dysfunction and female students showed slightly higher rate of trismus prevalence. 4. 6.5% of males and 4.3% of female students responded they had got treatment experience resulting from temporomandibular disorders, indicating that more male students had gone through treatment for temporomandibular disorders(p<0.05). 5. Male students showed higher experience rate of maxillofacial trauma(p<0.01), mostly due to falling or tumbling down, followed by exercises and etc. 6. The relation between maxillofacial trauma and temporomandibular disorders showed statistically significant relation between maxillofacial trauma and TMJ(temporomandibular joint) clicking (p<0.01).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.251-256
• /
• 2012

With today's heightened interest in quality of life, leisure and sports activities were popular in the general public. Accordingly, the incidence of oral and maxillofacial injury are also rising. Use of a mouth protector to prevent the trauma of the oral and maxillofacial region is growing in importance, and among the mouth protector the mouthguard is the most commonly used. Mouthguard has been suggested to protect injuries by (1) preventing tooth injuries by absorbing and deflecting blows to the teeth; (2) shielding the lips, tongue, and gingival tissues from laceration; (3) preventing opposing teeth from coming into violent contact; (4) providing the mandible with resilient support, which absorbs an impact that might fracture the unsupported angle or condyle of the mandible; (5) preventing neck and cerebral brain injuries. Although mouthguard is effective for prevention of oral and maxillofacial injury, it is not widespread to athletes or general public and they are lack of awareness about the importance of mouthguard. We present the types and materials of mouthguard, things to consider when mouthguard fabrication, and the usage. This should be helpful in awareness about the importance and popularization of mouthguard.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 1991

The fibrin sealant was first designed as an alternative to surgical suture for the purpose of surface-to-surface union especially in parenchymal organs like the liver, spleen and kidney. The clinical application of currently used fibrin sealant was first introduced in 1972. The fibrin sealant consists of principal two components; lyophilized human fibrinogen and bovine thrombin. The fibrinogen component also contains coagulation factor XIII. A solution of aprotinin, an inhibitor of fibrinolysis is used to dissolve the fibrinogen and to provide the first component, and a solution of calcium chloride is also used to provide the second component. From July to December in 1990, during 6 months, we used fibrin sealant in the 28 patients of 33 various cases, in the following ways; supportive application of fibrin sealant after free autogenouse nerve graft for the repair of inferior alveolar nerve, facial nerve or accessory nerve, treament of hemangioma or lymphangioma to thrombosize and lead to the tumor shrinking, skin grafting to stimulate the adhesion and tissue repair, bone grafting in the patients of cleft alveolus, mandibular reconstruction or orthognathic surgery to facilitate the knitting of bone chips, tissue adhesion after tumor resection, radical neck dissection or flap reconstructions, and supportive adhesion of external auditory cannal after TMJ surgery via postauricular approach. No adverse effects were observed, none of the patients developed hepatitis or other blood transmitted disease, and the wound healing were acceptable.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.245-257
• /
• 1999

일상 생활에서 우리는 스트레스에 항상 노출되어 있으며, 스트레스는 생체의 신경계, 내분비계 및 면역계의 변화를 수반한 항상성의 파괴로 수많은 정신적, 육체적 질병을 야기시킨다. 특히 구강안면영역에서도 다양한 구강점막질환과 구강건조증 등을 발생시킨다. 스트레스를 제거하는 방법으로는 약물요법 및 상담, 명상요법, 종교요법 등 다양한 방법이 제시되고 있는데, 다소의 부작용이 나타나거나 꾸준히 시행하기가 쉽지 않으며 스트레스의 원인을 근본적으로 제거하기가 현실적으로 용이하지 않은 경우가 많아 스트레스에 대한 해결책에 대하여 많은 관심이 집중되고 있다. 이에 본인은 스트레스가 가해졌을 때 백서 악하선에서 관철되며 apoptosis에 대하여 세포보호작용을 하는 clusterin(SGP-2)을 이용하여 구속스트레스를 가하기에 앞서 오랫동안 경험적으로 사용되어 왔고 부작용이 적은 전통약물인 보혈안신탕을 투여하고 스트레스에 의한 타액선의 조직변화를 관찰하여 그 효과를 확인해 보고자하였다. Sprague-Dawley계 응성 백서(200-230g/bw) 33마리를 정상 대조군(3마리), 구속스트레스군(15마리) 및 보혈안신탕 투여 후 구속스트레스군(15마리)으로 나누고 이틀을 각각 구속장치에 구속한 후 0, 1, 3, 5, 7일에 회생시켜 악하선을 적출하였으며, 면역조직화학법 및 Northern Blot을 이용하여 clusterin의 변화를 관찰하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 구속스트레스군의 악하선 조직에서 clusterin 단백질과 mRNA는 실험 즉일군에서만 미약하게 관찰되었으며 실험 3일과 5일 후에 핵붕괴 및 핵농축 등의 핵변화를 동반한 apoptosis가 관찰 되었다. 2. 보혈안신탕 투여 후 구속스트레스군의 악하선 조직에서 실험 5일군까지 clusterin 이 증가한 후 실험 7일군에서는 감소하였다. 3. 보혈안신탕 투여 후 구속스트레스군의 악하선 조직에서는 apoptosis가 관찰되지 않았다. 4. 보혈안신탕 투여 후 구속스트레스군의 악하선 조직에서 clusterin mRNA가 실험 전군에 걸쳐 미약하게 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로 타액선 조직은 스트레스 단백질인 clusterin을 생산하여 세포를 보호함으로써 스트레스 상황에 적응하지만, 생리적 적용한계를 넘는 스트레스에 노출될 때는 apoptosis됨이 확인되었다. 그리고 보혈안신탕은 스트레스 상황에서 세포의 생리적 적응력을 높여 세포의 apoptosis를 억제하는 효과를 나타냄이 확인되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 구강건조증등의 스트레스성 타액선 질환의 병리기전을 규명하는데 도움이되리라 생각되며, 향후 항스트레스 효과를 가진 보혈안신탕등의 한약재를 임상에 적용함으로써 스트레스로 인한 신체의 병리적 변화를 다소나마 차단할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.81-90
• /
• 1998

The present study was performed to observe the infection status of several kind of animals with indigenous Gnnthostomn in Korea, and morphological characteristics of gnathostome larvae detected from pit-viper, Askistronon breuiccudus, for the species bullfrogs. several kinds of snakes, j.e., 55 Elnphe rufodorsata, 2 Dinodon rufozonatum rufzonatum. 62 Rhnbdophis tisrinus tigrinus and 87 Askistronon app., and 438 cats were examined. A total of 21 larval gnathostomes was detected from 12 pit-vipers, A. breuicnudus. They were 2.233 x 0.343 mm in average size and covered with about 210 transverse rows of minute cuticular spines. Their characteristic head bulbs were provided with 4 rows of hooklets of which average numbers in each row were 36.8, 39.0, 41.7 and 44.3. posteriorly. In the cross sections of midgut level, the intestinal wall consisted of a single layer of 19-25 elongate epithelial cells with a single nucleus. SEM observation of the larvae revealed unique features of head bulb , cuticular spines on transverse striations and a cervical papilla. On the basis of above morphological characteristics, they were identified as the advanced third-stage larvae of Gnothostomo hispinum. It was first confirmed that the pit-viper. ABkistronon breuicaunus is the snake intermediate host of G. hispidun.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.32 no.1 s.90
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 2002

When we deal with maxillary and mandibular anterior dental arches showing problems in occlusal relation and aesthetics caused by malformations of teeth and congenital missing, et al during the orthodontic treatment, we could not often decide the functional occlusion by only relying on the orthodontic treatment. If orthodontists can predict what kinds of treatments are needed for functional occlusion in maxillary and mandibular anterior dental arches, they can not only effectively treat patients but also facilitate the cooperation with other field during the treatment, Our previous research showed the correlation among intercanine width, segment depth and arch perimeter by using the Korean normal occlusion model. At this time, we produced the computer application program by taking advantage of this correlation. And then, we applied this program to setting up the treatment plans for 2 patients with the damaged maxillary and mandibular dentures. With the help of this program, we could not only easily acquire the information about the change of variables required by treatment plans but also intercanine width, segment depth and arch perimeter. Later, if we can the information about the relationship between the change of the angle of incisors depending on facial types and arch forms and, in addition, can acquire the appropriate intercanine width, we can have the ability to produce the 3 dimensional occlusogram for the anterior dental arch forms.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.21-33
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the postsurgical mandibular stability for both one- and two jaw surgery. 18 for one-jaw surgerys and 24 for two-jaw surgerys among skeletal class III malocclusion patients who experienced orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery at Pusan National University Hospital were selected. Lateral cephalograms taken at the first visit, after presurgical orthodontic treatment, immediately after surgery and follow-up over 6 months, were traced. Based ANOVA, multiple linear regression analysis was completed for one-jaw surgery with postsurgical stability as the criterion and the magnitude of mandibular setback, the change of mandibular incisor height during surgery, the changes of mandibular plane angle and mandibular incisor angle during presurgical orthodontic treatment as affecting factors. Same analysis was completed for two-jaw surgery with postsurgical stability as the criterion and the magnitude of mandibular setback as affecting factor. The results were as follows : 1. In the one-jaw surgery cases, the magnitude of mandibular setback, the change of mandibular incisor height during surgery, the changes of mandibular plane angle and mandibular incisor angle during presurgical orthodontic treatment explained the variability in postsurgical stability with a significant $R^2$ value of 0.84. 2. In the two-jaw surgery cases, the magnitude of mandibular setback explained the variability in postsurgical stability with a significant $R^2$ value of 0,28.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.279-289
• /
• 2000

현대에는 날로 복잡해지는 생활양식의 변화에 따라 다양한 스트레스에 노출되고 그로 인한 면역계, 신경계 또는 각종 장기의 기능이상이 점차로 증가되고 있다. 최근 치과에 내원하는 환자들 중 구강건조증을 호소하는 환자들의 다수는 스트레스에 노출되어 있고, 임상적으로도 방사선 타액선 기능 검사에서 타액선, 특히 악하선의 기능이 현저하게 저하되어 있는 소견을 관찰할 수 있 다. 더욱이 이는 타액선 조영술에서 이미 보고된 바 있는 면역성 질환인 $Sj\ddot{o}gren$ 증후군과는 다른 양상으로 관찰되고 있어, 이에 본인은 백서에 스트레스와 관련이 깊은 내분비적 환경 변화를 유도함으로써 이와같은 변화가 악하선 조직의 병리적 변화와 어떠한 연관성을 갖는 지를 관찰하고자 본 실험을 시행하였다. 생후 7주된 Sprague-Dawley계 웅성 백서(165-209g/bw) 40마리를 2 개의 실험군(부신 제거군 : ADX 군, 부신 제거 후 dexamethasone 투여군 : DEX 군)으로 나누어 실험하였다. ADX 군은 외과적으로 부신을 제거한 후 다른 조건을 부여하지 않았고, DEX 군은 외과적으로 부신을 제거한 후 매일 dexamethasone($1.5*10^{-46}mg/g$ I.V./day)을 투여하였으며, 이들을 각각 실험 후 즉시, 1일, 3일, 5일, 7일에 희생시켰다. 그 후에는 즉시 악하선을 적출하여 면역조직화학법으로 Clusterin의 발현 정도 및 부위를 관찰하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 광학현미경 하에서, 양 군 모두 유의할만한 조직학적 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 2. ADX 군에서는 실험기간 전반에 걸쳐 도관세포와 선포세포에서 clusterin이 발현되었다. 3. DEX 군에서는 소수의 선세포에서 국소적으로 clusterin이 관찰되었으나, 전반적으로 도관세포, 선포세포에서 공히 clusterin이 관찰되지 않았다. 부신을 제거한 군에서는 실험기간 전반에 걸쳐 clusterin이 발현되었는데, 이는 clusterin이 스트레스의 생리적 반응의 결과로서 세포보호작용을 한다는 사실에 기초하여 볼 때, 부신을 제거하였을 때도 스트레스를 받았을 때와 같은 영향이 백서의 악하선에 가해졌을 것으로 생각된다. 반면, 부신제거후 glucocorticoid agonist인 dexamethasone을 투여하였을 때, clusterin이 감소 내지 관찰되지 않았던 것은 부신제거에 의해 악하선에 가해졌던 영향을 dexamethasone이 길항하여 나타난 결과로 볼 수 있어, 스트레스에 의해 부신으로부터 분비되는 glucocorticoid가 타액선을 보호하는데 중요한 작용을 하는 것을 시사한다.