• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2018

We surveyed branches of acacia trees distributed nationally in Korea to establish a common survey method that can be used by investigators to monitor for over-wintering Metcalfa pruinosa eggs. A total of 189 samples was examined, and the number of eggs on the surfaces of the branches, bases of thorns and bases of twigs was recored. When including samples in which no eggs were found at all investigation sites, none of the data followed the normal distribution. However, when samples in which no eggs were found at all sites were exclued, the density of eggs investigated at the thorn bases and twig bases followed the normal distribution. When the density of eggs was sorted based on the thickness of the branches on which they were found, these data did not follow the normal distribution. The density of M. pruinosa eggs at the thorn bases and twig bases was significantly higher than that on the branch surfaces, but there was no significant difference among branches of different thicknesses. Therefore, monitoring for M. pruinosa eggs at the thorn bases and twig bases of the nationally distributed acacia tree, irrespective of the thickness of the branches, will be able to increase the precision with which the density of this insect's eggs could be estimated. It is thus expected that this method will contribute to developing methods to better characterize the distribution and predict the occurrence of this.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.6
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• pp.737-741
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• 2007

Typical phytoplasma witches' broom symptoms were observed in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in Korea. The symptoms of the disease were showing abnormally small leaves, shortened intemodes and proliferation of shoots. The phytoplasmas were detected consistently in all the symptomatic samples by the amplification with phytoplasma universal primer pairs P1/P7 and R16F2n/R2, and the expected size was 1.8 kb and 1.2 kb. However, the phytoplasma DNA was not detected in healthy seedling. Based on sequence analysis of amplified region, this phytoplasma has close homologies with aster yellow, mulberry dwarf, maize bushy stunt, ash witches' broom and sumac witches' broom phytoplasmas, more than 99.2% but showed homologies with black locust witches' broom (GeneBank Accession No. AF 244363), and jujube witches' broom, 88.6% and 87.7%, respectively. This phylogetic analysis indicates that the black locust witches' broom phytoplasma founded in korea should be classified in the Candidatus phytoplasma asteris (16Sr I) group and clearly distinct from the black locust witches' broom group 16Sr III (peach X-disease phytoplasma group).

• The Korea Beekeeping Bulletin
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• s.344
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• pp.26-27
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• 2009

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.274-281
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• 2005

The climate of the Uisong Area is wet in the heat of summer and cold and dry in winter, The climate is highly consistent. The typical forest soil of the Uisong Area has an acidity of pH 4.5-5.6. The thickness of soil A layers is thin to an average of 10-20 cm and is a typical brown forest soil type. The growth characteristic of this climate and soil environment is as follows. In the case of Larix leptolepis, it takes 5-9 years to reach 6 cm diameter, The annual growth rate falls off greatly at an age of 17-19 years. The change of annual rings is more apparent on the north slopes compared with the east and northeast slopes. Pinus rigida takes 7-9 years to reach a 6 cm diameter. Annual growth rates of Pinus rigida fall greatly when age reaches 19 years. The change of annual ring growth of Pinus rigida was most apparent in the west and northeast slopes compared with the south and east slopes. In the case of Pinus koraiensis, the change of the annual ring width according to the characteristics of the slope is not important. Pinus koraiensis takes 6 yearsto reach the 6cm diameter, and annual growth rate fell off at age 19 years. In the case of Quercus acutissima, the growth of the valley trees is more stable than for trees grown at the mountain base. Annual growth rate of Quercus autissima fell off 19 years after planting. Ring growth of Robinia pseudo-acasia on northeast slopes appears much like that on northwest slopes. In conclusion, the main silviculture species reaches a 6 cm diameter in 5-9 years of growth, and the annual growth rate begins to fall between years 13 and 19 in the Uisong Area.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2005

To study the cultural characteristics and wood rotting ability of the secondary mycellia of Armillaria mellea, it was cultivated on the various media. The optimal mycelial growth condition was 20~27 and pH 5.0~6.5 on PDB. A. mellea grew well on MEA, PDA and GP. Lactose and mannitol as carbon sources and glutamic acid as nitrogen sources were found to be effective as additives. A. mellea employed in this study have the characteristics of white rot types. Pine and oak wood were selected as candidates for sawdust substrate.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.4 s.91
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• pp.249-251
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• 1999

The yields and the biological efficiency of Hericium erinaceus in the case of the bottle cultivation was 356 g/850 ml, 147.8% and in pot cultivation was 810 g/2,500 ml, 114.3% respectively. On the primordial formation the case of no removing inoculation spawn was well introduced, and the mushroom's yield and biological efficiency was to be high in the case of the bottle's cap was shut. The results in the use of the logs for Hericeum erinaceus's cultural media were to be fine in oak, alder, poplar, black locust in order. And in oak, the yield of the mushrooms were $1195.5\;g/0.1\;m^3$ biological efficiency was 17.3%, the period requirements for primordium was 69 days, and the mushroom's individual weight was 143 g.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.23 no.2 s.73
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• pp.105-113
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• 1995

The mycelia of Lepista nuda were isolated from the different basidiocarps, collected from the forests of Robinia pseudo-acaciae and mixed forests of R. pseudo-acaciae and Quercus serrata. On the different woods, the growths of mycelia collected were compared with those transferred from Applied Mycology Division, RDA. Also, the measurements of dry weight loss, as growth of mycelia, were correlated to the productions of carbon dioxide on the different wood substrates. The growth of mycelia was observed to be best on the woods of R. pseudo-acaciae; followed by the growth on the woods of Morus alba. The growth rate of mycelia appeared to be various, depending on the different kinds of wood substrates. The soild-cultures of the mycelia on the sawdust of the R. pseudo-acaciae woods and the grains of sorghum and corn were conducted, but the basidiocarps were not obtained from these. Therefore, this mycelium collected was believed to be important as new mushroom utilizing the different woods resources instead of Q. serrata.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.27-37
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• 2001

Using satellite image and GIS, spatial distribution characteristics of black locust forest as honey plant area was identified and analyzed. Upon the result, the most suitable area for black locust forest was selected through the integration analysis of transparent overlay. The variables used for spatial analysis such as topography(elevation, aspect, slope), soil, drainage, distance from urban area, land use, meteorological elements were considered. Based on the suitability analysis, it was clarified that the integration of linear and factor combination technique is greatly efficient method for the most suitable area. In addition, Gokung, Imgo, Chungtong, Hwanam area were shown to be suitable in Young-chun Area. As the result of suitability analysis for honey plant area of black locust in Young-chun using satellite image and GIS, the present portion of potential distribution area was produced about 42.53%. The portion of most suitable area for honey plant area of black locust was about 26.77%. Finally, the total area for honey plant area of black locust in Young-chun came up to $15.79km^2$. Additionally, satellite image and GIS were expected to be significant tools for suitability analysis of honey plant complex area.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1971

The effects of alcohol. extract of acacia on total cholesterol, ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ content and S-GOT activity in serum of rabbit were examined. Rabbits were divided into four groups. A : Control group B : Cholesterol group C : Cholesterol+aca. alc. ex. (A) group D : Cholesterol+aca. alc. ex. (B) group Each group had four rabbits. A Group was fed with the stock diet only for the experimental period of 28 days. B Group was fed with the stock diet containing 500mg of cholesterol. C Group was fed with the stock diet containing 500mg of cholesterol and 300mg of acacia alcohol extract. D Group was fed with the stock diet containing 500mg of cholesterol and 500mg of acacia aocohol extract. Total cholesterol ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ content and S-GOT activity in serum was determined with spectrophotometer, spectronic 20. It was confirmed that the extract of acacia alcohol inhibits the increase of total cholesterol, ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ content and S-GOT activity in serum but the statistical probability was not significant.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.281-290
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• 2011

We analyzed the basic characteristics and adsorption property of carbonized materials from thinning byproducts of major Korean wood species for evaluating as charcoal making raw material. Yield of charcoal was decreased with increasing the carbonization temperature for all wood species. Refining degrees was 9.0 at $400^{\circ}C$, 3.3~5.0 at $600^{\circ}C$ and 0 at $800^{\circ}C$, and was no difference among wood species. With increasing the carbonization temperature, the fixed carbon content was also increased, and charcoal from softwoods had more fixed carbon content than that from hardwoods. Specific surface area was increased with increasing the carbonization temperature, softwood charcoal had more specific surface area than that of hardwood. Pinus rigida showed the highest specific surface area. In formaldehyde removal by charcoal, some materials had highest at $600^{\circ}C$ and the others had highest at $800^{\circ}C$. Pinus koraiensis, Qurcus acutissima and MDF showed maximum formaldehyde removal ability at $600^{\circ}C$. Ethylene gas removal ability of charcoal was increased with increasing the carbonization temperature, and the charcoal from Pinus rigida and Robinia pseudoacacia had higher ethylene gas removal ability than the other species.