• Title/Summary/Keyword: 아일랜드

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Sustainable Development : Issues of Scale and Appropriateness (지속 가능한 개발 : 규모와 적절성의 문제들)

  • Buttimer, Anne
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.551-556
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    • 1997
  • Defining sustainable development as the challenge of continuously balanving economic, social and ecological values, a European research project sought lessons from experiences of a forty year period to frame criteria of appropriate scale for contextually-sensitive environmental policy. A network of case studies conducted by partner teams in Gemany, lreland, the Netherlands and Sweden examined changes of scale in the territorial, functional and socio-political contexts of life and landscape between 1950-1990. Themes central to the project included landscape transformations, tensions among area-and sector-based ways of life [genres de vie], and changing horizons of discretionary reach. With illustrations drawn mainly from the lrish case studies in Tipperary, this lecture outlines some regional differences in response to externa-policy and market-driven-influences. Implications for cross-cultural research and the framing of contextually-sensitive environmental policy are outlined, and suggestions made for their modulation through European Union, national, regional, and local levels.

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User Benefit Characteristics of Universal Design Guidelines for Homes in Ireland (아일랜드 '주택을 위한 유니버설디자인 가이드라인'의 사용자 혜택 특성 연구)

  • Lee, Yeunsook;Ahn, Somi;Hyun, Jiwon;Park, Jaehyun
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.72-82
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    • 2017
  • Current world population is rapidly ageing and the disabled population is expected to age seriously as well. The concern about the elderly and the disabled is increased largely not just the field of social welfare and service but the housing planning where the physical environment of everyday life is. Recently in Ireland, 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes' is established and proposed in public. It is considered as initial and special national policy for the socially venerable. The purpose of this research is to analyze the User Benefit Characteristics(UBC) of 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland' and clearly organize the characteristics for comprehensive communication. The research subjects are 444 guidelines of 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland.' The research is conducted by contents analysis technique, and each guideline is analyzed by the 4 main concepts of UBC- 'Behavioral Facilitation(BF)', 'Physiological Maintenance(PhM)', 'Perceptual Maintenance(PM)', 'Social Facilitation(SF).' As results, the User Benefit Characteristic of 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland' is ordered by PhM>PM>BF>SF. The design guidelines are supposed to support ageing in place and sustainable living in the existing houses even though people are ageing or being disabled. 'Universal Design Guideline for Homes in Ireland' supports safe behavior and comfort cognition especially in indoor and surrounding outdoor environment. This research is significant for sharing the knowledge and comprehension of decreasing environmental stress of the elderly in specific, and could be utilized for developing new elderly housing in future.

A Case Study on the Public Space for Traditional Market Revitalization (전통시장 활성화를 위한 공공공간 사례연구)

  • Choi, Kang-Rim
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.11 no.11
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    • pp.219-232
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    • 2020
  • The result of efforts for the revitalization of traditional market have not been satisfied. The purpose of this study was to suggest implications on planning and design method for revitalization of the traditional market in Korean cities. For that, theoretical review and case analysis were conducted on public spaces in 'Quincy Market' and 'Granville Island Public Market'. The results of case analysis are as follows. (1) The various spaces and facilities that make up the traditional market show a synergistic effect through linkage. (2) Various public spaces for traditional market users have been made in market buildings and open spaces. (3) Food and beverages sold in traditional markets can be eaten in public spaces, and meetings, breaks, performances and events are held in public spaces. (4) A company or non-profit organization with unified executive power is in charge of or participating in market operation.

Computer Simulation of Extrusion and Die Design for the Extrusion of Butyl Rubber (부틸고무의 압출을 위한 압출해석 및 다이설계)

  • Choi, T.G.;Lee, H.J.;Lyu, M.Y.
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.275-283
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    • 2014
  • Butyl rubber is used as an adhesive and it is mainly used in the form of sheets. The goal of this study is to design an extrusion die for the butyl rubber sheets using computer simulation. The extrusion die for the butylrubber sheets consists of manifold area and land area. In the manifold area, flows are spread from the entrance of the extrusion die to the land area. In the land area, flows become stable to the flow direction and uniform sheet can be obtained. Island area is being installed in the land area to get uniform flow. Four parameters, angle of manifold, length of manifold, length of land and island, were examined in the computer simulation. The optimum geometry of the extrusion die is derived which has a uniform flow in the width direction of the die.

Egg Quality Traits and Their Correlations in 12 Strains of Korean Native Chicken (토종닭 12계통 난질의 일반능력 및 상관관계 분석)

  • Kim, Kigon;Kwon, Il;Choo, Hyojun;Park, Byoungho;Cha, Jaebeom
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.181-188
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    • 2020
  • In this study, sixteen egg quality traits, including egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, eggshell weight, albumen weight ratio, yolk weight ratio, eggshell weight ratio, yolk color, eggshell color, egg height, egg width, shape index, albumen height, Haugh unit, eggshell thickness, and eggshell strength were investigated in 12 strains of Korean native chicken using 600 eggs from birds at 38 weeks of age. Results showed that the Korean White Leghorn F strain had the highest egg weight of 62.7 g and the lowest (47.5 g) was observed in the Korean native chicken W strain. The Haugh unit was significantly different between strains. The mean Haugh unit for Korean native chicken ranged between 84.2 (L strain) and 76.0 (F strain), with an overall average of 79.9. Eggshells were the thinnest in Korean Rhode Island Red C and D strains (0.342 mm), whereas the highest eggshell thickness (0.393 mm) was observed in the Korean White Leghorn K strain. Korean Rhode Island Red C and D strains had low egg strength compared to that of other strains. Korean Cornish and Korean native chicken showed significant differences in egg quality traits between strains within breeds. Positive correlation coefficients were observed between egg weight and egg quality traits. The traits for color showed zero or low correlations with most egg quality traits. Egg shape index showed no correlation with most egg quality traits. Albumen height and the Haugh unit showed a positive correlation with albumen traits. Eggshell strength showed a positive correlation with eggshell traits.

A Study on the Structure Style of Street Green Spaces on Port Island, Kobe, Japan (일본 고베시(神戶市) 포트아일랜드 가로녹지 구조 유형 연구)

  • Kwak, Jeong-In;Han, Bong-Ho;Noh, Tai-Hwan;Kwak, Nam-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.62-74
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    • 2015
  • This study was carried out to provide examples of planting methods for the construction of street green spaces with abundant greenery by analyzing road type, surrounding land use and planting structures in street green spaces on Port Island, Kobe, Japan. Port Island_(total area: 826ha) is a marine cultural city located in Japan's first artificial island with facilities of urban function and port facilities. The study site was designated at 11 plots of $55{\sim}285m^2$ on Port Island, and topography structure styles were divided into four types with mounding style, slope style, slope and flat style, flat style according to the adjacent roads width. The area adjacent to the middle roads with high levels of noise and pollution set up the mounding style, slope style, slope and flat style of multi-layer structures using topographic properties. The area adjacent to small roads focused on a green strip with shrubs on a flat style. Surrounding land-uses include a public institution, housing complex, and a commercial building. The planting concept was a buffer and landspace function in case of the middle road_(lane 4) while the small road_(lane 2) was a landspace function. Planting species were diverse with Liquidambe formosana, Cinnamomum camphora, Sapium sebiferum, Cedrela sinensis, Laeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus, Ginkgo biloba, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea, Zelkova serrata, Quercus glauca, Juniperus chinensis, Magnolia kobus, Rhododendron spp., Camellia japonica, Abelia mosanensis, etc. Planting density was 0.02~0.08(0.04) individual/$m^2$ at the canopy layer, 0.02~0.08(0.04) individual/$m^2$ at the understory layer. Ratio of green coverage was 40.0~173.7(93.0)% at the canopy layer, 2.1~79.8(34.9)% at the understory layer and 17.9~64.2(32.9)% at the shrub layer. $Gr{\ddot{u}}volumenzahl$ was $1.43{\sim}6.67(4.13)m^3/m^2$ at the canopy layer, $0.02{\sim}2.01(0.85)m^3/m^2$ at the understory layer and $0.14{\sim}0.58(0.26)m^3/m^2$ at the shrub layer. The ratio of green coverage of street green space on Port Island was higher than that of Seoul, and particularly, the ratio of green coverage and $gr{\ddot{u}}volumenzahl$ at the shrub layer differed, compared to the main street green space in Korea. The result of this study may be applicable to other coastal reclaimed cities in terms of setting methods for street greenery considering the topography structure, planting structure and planting function.

Earthquake Response Analysis at Port Island during the 1995 Hyogoken-nanbu Earthquake(Japan) (일본 한신 대지진에 있어서의 포트 아일랜드의 지진응답해석)

  • 황성춘
    • Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2000.04a
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    • pp.477-484
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    • 2000
  • Earthquake response analyses are conducted for the investigation of the ground shaking during the 1995 Hyogoken-nambu earthquake. Port Island a man made island with about 8{{{{ KAPPA m^2 }} area is chosen for this purpose Because earthquake measurement with vertical array was conducted there. Strain dependent characteristics of soil can be modeled well into Hardin-Drnevich Model. Four analyses are conducted : total stress analysis by equivalent linear method non-linear method. and two effective stress analyses. All analyses except equivalent linear analysis show fairy good agreement with observed record mainly because the non-linear behavior of Holocene clay layer has predominant effect on the behavior of fill, However detailed investigation show that effective stress analyses give much better prediction than total stress analyses.

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Local Lop Unbundling in EU (유럽의 가입자회선 세분화 동향과 시사점)

  • Kim, P.R.;Chung, C.Y.
    • Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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    • v.15 no.4 s.64
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    • pp.41-51
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    • 2000
  • 최근 유럽 각국에서는 가입자회선 개방에 관한 검토가 한창 진행중에 있다. 유럽위원회에 따르면, 가입자회선 세분화 의무화 결정이 이루어진 나라는 1999년 10월 1일 시점에서 덴마크, 독일, 이탈리아, 네덜란드, 오스트리아 및 핀란드의 6개국이었다. 이어 영국에서는 OFTEL이 1999년 11월 말, 가입자회선 개방에 관한 정책결정문서를 발표하였으며 노르웨이는 2000년 3월, 가입자회선 세분화를 발표하였다. 2000년 4월 현재 벨기에, 프랑스, 아일랜드, 스웨덴, 스페인에서는 정식도입을 위한 검토가 이루어지고 있는 상태이며 룩셈부르크, 포르투갈, 그리스의 3개국은 도입계획이 없다. 본 고에서는 2000년 2월에 유럽위원회가 발표한 가입자회선 세분화에 관한 작업문서 내용을 중심으로 가입자회선 세분화에 관한 유럽위원회의 정책방향을 고찰하고, 유럽 주요국의 가입자회선 세분화의 구체적 동향을 살펴본 후, 우리 나라 가입자회선 세분화 정책방향의 설정을 위한 과제를 제시하고자 한다.

Offsetting a Region Including Islands for Tool-Path Generation (공구 경로 생성을 위한 아일랜드를 포함하는 영역의 오프셋)

  • Park, Sang-Cheol
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.25 no.12
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    • pp.2009-2018
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    • 2001
  • This paper presents a region offsetting algorithm for tool-path generation. The proposed region offsetting algorithm is developed by expanding the 'PWID offset algorithm [Choi and Park, 1999]'designed to offset a simple polygon. The PWID offset algorithm has three important steps; 1) remove 'local invalid ranges'by invoking a PWID test, 2) construct a raw offset owe and 3) remove 'global invalid ranges'by finding self-intersections of the raw offset cure. To develop a region offsetting algorithm, we modified the PWID offset algorithm by expanding the concept of the 'global invalid range'in the third step. The time complexity of the proposed algorithm is approximately Ο(n), where n is the number of points, and it is free of numerical errors for practical purposes. The proposed algorithm has been implemented and tested with various real regions obtained by intersecting a sculptured surface with a plane.

Effect on Environmental Conservation and Development Community through Herb Garden -A Case Study of the Herb Island, Chiba, Japan- (허브원을 통한 자연환경보전 및 농촌지역활성화 효과 -일본 치바현 허브아일랜드 사례연구-)

  • 조태동;김보경
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 1996
  • This study examines the development and management of the Herb Island in Japan, and explores influences of the herb garden on a rural community. The result suggested that the development of a herb garden can make a major impact on a rural community's econmoic stability and growth, and low-input cultivation of herbs serves to the ecosystem and soil conservation. In order to foster the herb industry in Korea, three aspcets should be considered. These are as follows. 1. Selection of suitable kinds of herbs and sites for Korean natural environment,and planning for proper landuse should be carried out first. 2. Proper policies for a herb garden to help local economy should be established. 3. Development of programs and experts on environmental education should be included in planning herb gardens in order to contribute to natural environment preservation.

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