• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2022

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal's shape and characteristic varies through each individual, so it is difficult to classify with one neural network. It is difficult to classify the given data directly, but if corresponding normal beat is given, it is relatively easy and accurate to classify the beat by comparing two beats. In this study, we classify the ECG signal by generating the reference normal beat through the template cluster, and combining with the input ECG signal. It is possible to detect abnormal beats of various individual's records with one neural network by learning and classifying with the imaged ECG beats which are combined with corresponding reference normal beat. Especially, various neural networks, such as GoogLeNet, ResNet, and DarkNet, showed excellent performance when using the comparative learning. Also, we can confirmed that GoogLeNet has 99.72% sensitivity, which is the highest performance of the three neural networks.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.339-347
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• 2009

Purpose : This study was to investigate the influence of heart rate and coronary calcification on diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice multidetector CT(MDCT) in coronary artery disease. Methods : 178 patients(84 men, 94 women) undergoing cardiac CT were included in this study. 3 coronary arteries(LAD, LCX, RCA) were assessed the presence of significant stenosis($\geq50%$) and the results compared with those of coronary angiography. Results : On a patient-based analysis, the diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice MDCT was 96.6%. The diagnostic accuracy on left anterior descending, left circumflex, right coronary artery were 86.5%, 84.3%, 92.1% respectively. Body mass index and blood pressure were not influenced on diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice MDCT. In less than 60/min of heart rate, accuracy was 90.1% and $\kappa$ value was 0.78. While in more than 70/min of heart rate, accuracy was 75.8% and $\kappa$ value was 0.52. In less than 100 of coronary calcification, accuracy was 91.3% and $\kappa$ value was 0.81. While in more than 400, accuracy was 68.6% and $\kappa$ value was 0.33. Conclusion : 64-slice MDCT shows similar diagnostic accuracy as coronary angiography. But in the context of more than 70/min of heart rate and 400 of coronary calcification, diagnostic accuracy was decreased. So there needs to identify heart rate and coronary calcification in cardiac CT, and if heart rate shows more than 70/min, use beta-blocker to regulate it.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.3-12
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• 2009

In this study, by both qualitative and quantitative measurement on the purpose of deriving the sensitive amusement factor. I consider the fear of horror games as "the amused fear" and analyze it, which is based on the play theory by Roger Caillois. On the basis of this, I classified the amusement fear in horror games into the 4 factors. I conducted some positive tests through the player's response in order to verify them. The test is conducted measuring the heart rate of each experimenter by cardiometer while they are playing horror games. By analyzing the video data, I gave a name to the point that the amusement fear factors are expected to influence psychologically and physiologically as the fear point. At this point, I examined if the measured heart rate makes the outstanding difference or not, when compared average heart rate with experimenter's heart rate. In addition, I also examined if there is a statistical correlation of heart rate by attaching player's subjective data through the questionnaire. Consequently, it was statistically turned out that the experimenter's heart rate which is measured rose dramatically than usual, and that there are close correlations among subjective data. I also found out that the amusement fear factor at the relevant point plays a major role in experimenter's psychological and physiological response. In this study, I could prove the horror factor as a meaning of amusement factor using both theoretical method and positive method establishing a standard set that is helpful for further production and planning of the game.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2015

Dental stress is suggested as a main reason for behavioral problems in dentistry, especially in children. Heart rate is a useful measure of dental stress. The purpose of the present study is to examine the effect of dental stress on children receiving restorative treatment under local anesthesia by using recently introduced a wrist-watch type heart rate monitoring device. Eighteen children with no previous dental experience, who needed dental treatment involving local anesthesia, were included in this study. In each session, heart rate was recorded. The largest increase was observed during local anesthesia and the highest values were recorded during preparation. However, no significant relationship was found between the measurements(p > 0.05). Regarding the number of visits, heart rate on the second session is significantly higher than the first session and the third session(p < 0.05). There was no significant different correlation between the first session and third session(p > 0.05). Based on the present study, children who have no previous dental treatment appeared to be more stressed at the second session and need at least 3 sessions to feel less stressed during dental treatment including dental injection.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.509-518
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between resting heart rate (RHR) and the prevalence of colorectal cancer in Korean adults. A cross sectional analysis was performed using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005 to 2014). Total number of subjects were 10,564 adults aged over 19 years. The results showed that individuals in the highest quartile of RHR had a significantly higher prevalence of colorectal cancer (Odds ratio (OR) 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34-3.85 to OR 3.00, 95%CI: 1.30-6.92) compared to those in the lowest quartile. Futhermore, every 10 beat per minutes (bpm) increase in RHR was associated with 27% (95%CI: 1.03-1.58) increased prevalence of colorectal cancer. In addition, after stratification by age and gender, the result showed that older people (>65 years) in the highest quartile of RHR had a significantly higher prevalence of colorectal cancer compared to those who were in the lowest quartile of RHR. (male OR 3.19, 95%CI: 1.10-9.24 to OR 3.38, 95%CI: 1.18-9.73; female OR 2.90, 95%CI: 1.13-7.42 to OR 5.59, 95%CI: 1.20-25.99). In this study, we examined the feasibility of RHR as a predictive factor of colorectal cancer prevalence. Moreover, we found that RHR was closely related to the prevalence of colorectal cancer in the age of over 65 years.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 2007

목 적 : 전침 자극은 최근에 임상연구와 더불어 기초연구에서 자주 사용하는 방법으로 경락이론에 의거하여 신체에 분포되어 있는 경락상의 각종경혈부위에 인위적인 전기 자극을 통하여 질병을 치료, 예방 혹은 완화하는 방법이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 정상적인 쥐의 상태에서 일정한 전침 자극을 주었을 때, 심박변이도의 변화를 측정 하였다. 방 법 : 쥐의 정상적인 마취상태에서 태충혈에 4 Hz와 80 Hz의 5 V 크기로 10 mA 강도의 사각파 파형으로 자극을 주었으며 대조조로 비경혈 부위에 4 Hz의 동일한 파형으로 자극을 주어 심박 변이도의 변화정도를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 본 실험에서 RR Interval의 경우 태충혈 4 Hz 보다 80 Hz일때 RR Interval의 파형이 더 크게 나타났으며, PSD의 분석에서도 자극 전후를 비교하였을 때 $1{\sim}3$ Hz 사이에 높은 피크가 보였으며 4 Hz의 비경혈 부위에서는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 이번 실험연구를 통하여 정상적인 쥐의 상태에서 일정한 전침 자극을 주었을 때, 심박 변이도 변화를 도출할 수 있었으며, 이번 실험을 통해 비수술적인 방법으로 치료효과와 심박 변이도를 측정할 수 있었고, 이를 통해 전침자극의 기전 연구에 있어 과학적 근거를 제시할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.4 s.249
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• pp.312-315
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• 2005

Bleeding due to cardiac perforation by endocardial pacemaker lead is a rare complication. We report one case of left hemothorax due to right ventricular perforation after the insertion of permanent transvenous pacemaker. Operative finding showed a pacing lead penetrating right ventricle, pericardium, and left pleura sequentially, but there was no evidence of hemopericardium.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.169-172
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• 2009

본 논문은 SOM을 이용하여 비행슈팅게임을 하는 게이머의 긴장과 이완상태를 학습한다. 학습된 SOM을 이용해 게이머의 새로운 심박데이터가 입력되었을 때 긴장과 이완 상태에서 플레이하는 게이머의 인식을 제안한다. 게이머들은 비행슈팅게임을 플레이하면서 게임 환경들의 패턴들에 익숙해진다. 게이머들은 반복하면서 지루해지면서 자연스럽게 긴장감도 떨어지게 된다. 만약 긴장이완 정도를 알 수 있다면 게이머의 상태에 맞게 게임환경을 조절하여 긴장감을 유지할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 비행슈팅게임을 하는 게이머의 심박신호를 이용하여 게이머의 긴장이완상태를 신경망 SOM으로 분류한다. SOM은 주어진 입력패턴에 정확한 답을 정해주지 않고 자기 스스로 학습하여 해답을 찾는 신경망중의 하나이다. 따라서 게이머의 심박신호는 SOM 학습을 통해 게이머의 긴장과 이완상태들을 군집화 할 수 있다. 비행슈팅게임을 20회 반복 플레이하여 SOM으로 게이머의 심박신호를 입력해 본 결과 긴장이완상태를 인식 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.256-258
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• 2009

A 63-year-old man who had a permanent pacemaker placed 17 years ago presented to us with local inflammatory signs on his chest. The skin was opened to remove the permanent pacemaker. However, the pacing wire was not easily removed. So, the permanent pacemaker was removed from the chest with leaving the remnant wire inside. However, the local infection recurred because of the remnant wire. Right thoracotomy was performed and cardiopulmonary bypass was started. After total circulatory arrest, the right atrium was opened and the wire was completely removed.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.69-76
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• 2003

본 연구는 급성기가 지난 뇌졸중 환자를 위한 치료적 운동 프로그램이 심박동수에 미치는 영향과 부가적으로 뇌졸중 환자의 기능적 상태에 따라 치료적 운동 형태를 알아보기 위해서 시행되었다. 대상자는 뇌졸중이 발생한지 3개월이 지난 23명의 환자이었다. 심박동수의 변화는 대상자가 각자의 치료적 운동을 수행하는 동안 Polar Vantage XL Heart Rate Monitor를 사용하여 측정하였다. 그 결과, 치료적 운동 동안 환자의 기능 수준 및 발병 기간에 따른 심박동수와 치료 형태의 차이는 없었다. 또한 전체 치료 시간 중 목표심박동수에 도달하는 시간은 2.47%에 불과하였다. 이는 치료적 운동이 뇌졸중 환자에게 과도한 심혈관 부담을 주지 않을 뿐만 아니라 유산소 훈련의 효과는 거의 존재하지 않음을 의미한다. 따라서 환자의 상태에 적절하고 유산소 훈련 효과를 고려한 치료적 운동 프로그램의 구성이 필요하다.