• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.634-639
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the variability of hypocotyl elongation of mungbean varieties. With four mungbean cultivars, which were classified as 4234-697 and Keumsungnogdu(long), Nampyungnogdu(Medium), and Seonhwanogdu(short), hypocotyl elong-ation was measured 4 to 6 days after seeding in paper towel at different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35$^{\circ}C$). Hypocotyl elongation of mungbean seed stored at 5$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$ for 6 months was compared with of seed stored at room temperature. As the temperature rises, the hypocotyl is longer. The hypocotyl elongation started immediately at high temperature, and longest at the range of 30 to 35$^{\circ}C$. The hypocotyl elongation became longer at the 5$^{\circ}C$ storage plot than at the room temperature plot. Correlation coefficient (r) between 100 seed weight and hypocotyllength are not significant.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2021

Purpose This article studies the relationship between the length of a kidney measured by two scanning methods: Kidney Computed Tomography (CT) and ^99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan. Kidney CT provides a better anatomic assessment, while ^99mTc-DMSA renal scan is superior in the kidney function test. Materials and Methods From January to December of 2019, two hundred patients who had Kidney CT and Tc^99m-DMSA renal scan were chosen for this study. SPSS17.0 was selected for statistical analysis. Results Due to the effect of the breathing and resolution of ^99mTc-DMSA renal scan, it showed the kidney's relatively longer length than the length of Kidney CT. For the same kidney, the length comparison among different brands' Gamma cameras was negligible. The length difference within the same age group did not show a noticeable discrepancy. However, there was a length difference between the radio technologists. Kidney CT and ^99mTc-DMSA renal scan indicated a strong positive correlation between the length of the left and right kidney. Conclusion It is necessary to establish a standardized measurement method for measuring kidney length using ^99mTc-DMSA renal scan. The kidney's functional changes and length changes are indications of Kidney diseases. Especially, pediatric patients tend to use ^99mTc-DMSA renal scan for assessing the kidney's shape and the function to avoid potential radiation exposure during the Kidney CT. Therefore, it is significant to provide not only the kidney's functional information but also an anatomic analysis, including the kidney's size, length, and location through the ^99mTc-DMSA renal scan.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.449-453
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• 1996

A successful resection of dissecting thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm is presented in a patient who had undergone kidney transplantation 20 months previously. Because the transplanted kidney is more sensitive to ischemia than the normal kidney, a femoro-femoral bypass with a pump oxygenator was used for perfusion of the transplanted kidney during crossclamping. During the clamping time of 1)8 minutes, kidney perfusion was maintai ed with a perfusion pressure of (19 to 31) 27mmHg and the flow was 0.53 to 0.81 L/min. 32mm sized Hemashield (22 Cm in length) was interposed. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. We believe that performing the femoro- femoral bypass with a pump oxygenator is an effective and simple method for renal and spinal protection in such operations.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.285-296
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• 1995

Anatomical studies of sink tissues are required for better understanding the biological plant growth system and energy metabolism. Kinematics of root growth zones of two genotypes of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) receiving 50 or 200 ppm N were determined. Longitudinal anatomy and cell dynamics of root growth zones were studied and calculated. The root growth zone is organized similarly to the leaf growth zone which has cell division, elongation, and maturation zones, but the root growth zone is only about 3.0 mm long compared to 25 to 30 mm for the leaf growth zone. The root cap extends about 0.4 to 0.5 mm from the apical initial, while the cell elongation zone for both cortical and metaxylem cells extends about 3.3 mm from the apical initial for both genotypes and N levels. Root cap cells elongate from an initial length of about 5$\mu{m}$ long to a final length of about 40$\mu{m}$ before being sloughed. Initial lengths of cortical and metaxylem cells were about 8.5 $\mu{m}$ and 13.0 $\mu{m}$, respectively. Elongation of cortex and metaxylem cell showed sigmoidal curves with final lengths of about 120 $\mu{m}$ for cortex cells and 650 $\mu{m}$ for metaxylem cells. Initial size and final size for both types were not affected by N level, but cell fluxes and cell elongation rates of cortical and metaxylem cells were about double in low N. Cell production rates were about 5 to 6 times higher in cortical cells than in metaxylem cells. Differences in N caused a larger change in cell production rate, duration of cell elongation, and relative cell elongation rate than did the genotypes. These data indicate that N application affects root growth longitudinally by changing cell production rate and elongation rate.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2010

Purpose: In nuclear medicine study, there are two methods, preset count method and preset time method, to acquire static images. We usually use preset count method for static image in $^{99m}Tc$-DMSA renal scan, but occasionally use preset time method. In case of using preset count method, we always acquire same counts but it causes a difference of scan time. In case of using preset time method, it takes same scan time to acquire images but it causes different counts. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate any differences of function and formal information in both kidney by acquisition counts Materials and Methods: From January 11, 2010 to March 31, 2010, we analyzed the 30 patients (M: 11, W: 19). who were examined by $^{99m}Tc$-DMSA scan and have one side of functioning kidney relatively between 40~60%. And the patients who have cold and hot region in image were analyzed but we did not accept images of patients when it was hard to divide kidney into cortex. There was no division between subjects and age of subjects is $14.83{\pm}22.07$ old. We used the BrightView gamma camera from PHILIPS. To analyze function and formal of kidney, we used JET stream release 3.0 version from PHILIPS. Using SPSS 12.0 program, we compared descriptive statistics and paired T-test. Images were acquired sequentially in the same parameters, but there are three methods which different from acquisition time and scan time, 100 kcounts, 300 kcounts and 7 minutes method (exceed 300 kcounts). To assess function and formal information of kidney, we measured renal relative function, geometric mean and size of kidney and analyzed each difference. Results: In case of renal relative function in both kidney, 100 kcounts method was $50.52{\pm}3.64%$. 300 kcounts method was $50.38{\pm}3.66%$ and 7 minutes method was $49.91{\pm}3.40%$ and there were no statistical significant differences between each method. In case of geometric mean, 100 kcounts method was $50.08{\pm}3.25%$. 300 kcounts method was $49.89{\pm}3.40%$ and 7 minutes method was $49.91{\pm}3.24%$. And also, there were no statistical significant differences. When comparing size of kidney, 100 kcounts method was $8.23{\pm}1.96$ cm. 300 kcounts method was $8.12{\pm}1.90$ cm and 7 minutes method was $8.35{\pm}1.97$ cm. In case of right kidney, 100 kcounts method was $7.91{\pm}1.88$ cm. 300 kcounts method was $8.12{\pm}1.90$ cm and 7 minutes method was $8.25{\pm}1.96$ cm. From those values, we recognized that there were significant differences each method (p<0.05). Conclusion: From results of this study, there were no statistical differences in renal relative function and geometric mean by acquisition counts. However, in shape of kidney, the more acquisition counts are increasing, the more size of kidney is getting big. And there were statistical significant differences. Therefore, to perform reliable quantitative result, preset count method is more desirable than preset time method. Especially, in case of a follow-up test, if we use preset time method, it will cause differences of formal results in kidney due to acquisition counts each time we examine patients.

• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.259
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• pp.14-16
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• 2011

당뇨병을 장기간 앓게 되면 혈관이 분포한 모드 조직 또는 기관을 침범하는 임상 증후군이 발생하는데 이를 당뇨병의 만성 합병증이라고 부른다. 당뇨병 만성 합병증의 기본적인 병리생리는 혈관 질환이며 침범하는 장기와 혈관의 크기에 따라 다음과 같이 분류된다. 눈에 생기는 망막증, 신장에 생기는 신장병증, 신경 특히 말초신경에 발생하는 신경병증들은 미세혈관의 손상에 따라 발생하므로 미세혈관 합병증이라고 부르며 심장에 생기는 협심증, 뇌혈관 경색으로 대표되는 뇌졸중, 하지 동맥폐색증은 대혈관 합병증이라고 부른다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.162-170
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• 2011

We tested the hypothesis that an improved nutritional environment increases the size of stature sexual dimorphism (SSD) by comparing mean height changes in North and South Korean adults. For the first round of sampling, those North Korean refugees who had reached the age of 20 years before leaving North Korea were selected for the study. Then, two birth-year cohorts born between 1955 and 1959 and between 1980 and 1984 were finally selected for the analysis (383 males and 529 females). North Korean refugee mean height data were compared to the mean height of the comparable South Korean population derived from 2004 Korean size results (373 males and 429 females). The results of the analysis showed that there was no increase in mean height among the refugees, either in males or females, between the two birth-year cohorts. As a result, no change in SSD was observed between the two birth-year cohorts. In contrast, South Koreans showed a remarkable increase in height, with males having a greater increase during the corresponding 25 years. Consequently, South Korean SSD increased significantly with time. These results support the hypothesis that improved nutritional quality increases SSD.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.421-427
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the embolized kidney and contralateral normal kidney using computed tomography (CT) and enhanced computed tomography. Experimental hydronephrosis was induced by ligation of unilateral ureter in Beagle dogs. Renal artery embolization was performed using selective catheterization in the hydronephrotic kidney of seven dogs and EKG, $SpO_2$, body temperature, pulse, and repiratory rate were within normal ranges during procedures. Iohexol-ethanol solution was used as embolic material. There were no dogs expired after TAE-Ra and no side effects associated with regurgitation of iohexol-ehtanol solution. Revascularization of renal artery was not found in angiography in dogs treated by TAE-RA at immediately after TAE-RA and 14 days after TAE-RA. CT showed dilation of urinary collection system and ventral displacement of spleen at 14 days after TAE-RA in one dog not treated by TAE-RA and experimental group treated by TAE-Ra. CT two month after TAE-RA showed the shrunken embolized kidney in experimental group. Transverse CT with contrast enhancement demonstrated the increase of signal intensity at thinned renal cortex in control group not treated by TAE-Ra at 30 days and 60 days, however, there was no increase of signal intensity at shrunken embolized kidney at 60 days after TAE-RA. CT was useful modality for evaluation of the morphology and the size of embolized kidney and contralateral normal kidney. Enhanced CT was availabel for the detection of revascularization of renal artery after TAE-RA in dogs with hydronephrosis. It is conclued that CT is useful modality for the monitoring of the revascularization of the renal artery after TAE-RA.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.535-538
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• 2014

An eight-year-old intact male Beagle had anorexia, vomiting, depression for two days. The dog had hypoalbuminenia and mild azotemia on hematologic and clinical chemistry examinations. Severe proteinuria was identified on urinalysis. On abdominal ultrasonographs, there were small amount of ascites and bilateral renomegaly with severe hyperechoic renal cortex and hyperechoic medullary rim sign. Renal biopsy and histopathology revealed renal amyloidosis. The quality of life in this dog was satisfactory with aggressive supportive care for three months. Euthanasia was performed due to deteriorated azotemia and nephrotic syndrome.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.499-518
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• 2017

In this study, the meta-analysis technique was applied to investigate the effectiveness of gifted-mathematics programs on development of creativity. Studies conducted the outcomes form the 20 studies were used for meta-analysis. Research questions are as follows; first, what is the overall effect size of the gifted mathematics programs on development of mathematical creativity. Second, what are effect sizes of sub-group(fluency, flexibility, originality) analysis. Third, compare the effect sizes of those in compliance with the grade and the class type. Results from data analysis are as follows. First, the overall effect size for studies related the gifted-mathematical programs was .66, which is high. Second, it was found that each sub-group differed from its effect on learning outcomes. Fluency(.76) was the highest of all, which was followed by flexibility(.60) and originality(.50) in a row. Lastly, the overall effect size for gifted elementary school students related the gifted-mathematical programs was .69, which is high than gifted middle school students was .46.