• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 1984

노외차량(路外車輛)의 승차(乘車) 시뮬레이션을 위한 착석(着席) 상태(狀態)의 운전자(運轉者) 모델을 개발(開發)하였다. 운전자(運轉者) 모델은 머리, 몸체, 신부(腎部)로 크게 나누어 자유도(自由度) 3의 진동체로 가정(假定)하고 머리와 몸체, 몸체와 신부(腎部)는 각각 목과 장기(臟器)를 나타내는 탄성체로서 연결하였다. 또한 인체의 해부학적(解部學的) 구조(構造)와 일치(一致)하도록 머리와 신부(腎部)사이에는 척추(脊椎) 부분(部分)을 포함시켰다. 모델의 각 변수(變數)들은 기존(旣存)의 실험(實驗) 결과(結果)를 이용(利用)하여 머리부의 진동(振動)이 실험(實驗) 결과(結果)와 일치(一致)하도록 시뮬레이션 방법(方法)으로 결정(決定)하였다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.11.2-11
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• 1987

1987년 2월 1일 부터 1987년 3월28일까지 본 병원 인공신장실에서 혈액투석요법을 받고 있는 만성 신부전증 환자 20례 (남자 15례, 여자 5례)를 대상으로 2회의 청력검사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 만성 신부전증으로 혈액투석요법을 받고 있는 환자 20례 중 7례 (35%)에서 청력손실을 보였다. 2) 연령분포상 20대에서는 2명중 청력손실을 보인 예는 없었으며, 30대는 7명중 1명, 40대는 5명중 4명, 60대는 1명중 1명에서 청력손실을 보였으며 7례 전례가 남자였다. 3) 청력손실의 양상은 전례에서 양측성이며 고음장애형이었다. 4) 임피던스 청력검사상 tympanogram A형이 2귀 였으며 2례(4귀)에서는 acoustic reflex가 나타나지 않았다. 5) 청력손실을 보인 7례중 3례에서 75% 이상의 SISI score를 나타내었고 어음청력검사상 25㏈ 이상의 청력손실을 보인 예는 없었다. 6) 전해질농도와 난청의 정도, 혈액투석회수와 청력손실의 정도에는 유의한 연관이 없었다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 2002

Purpose: Hypertension accelerates the progression of chronic renal disease, whether it results from, or causes, the renal disease. Therefore, the control of hypertension is one of the important factors that retard the rate of renal deterioration. We compared the effects of different antihypertensive agents on renal function and glomerular morphology In subtotal nephrectomized rats. Materials and methods: After induction of chronic renal failure with 5/6 nephrectomy, the rats were divided into three groups; control group (Group C), enalapril group (Group E), and nicardipine group (Group N). Systolic blood pressure was measured by tail cuff method every 4 weeks until 12 weeks after nephrectomy. At 12 weeks after nephrectomy, all rats were placed in metabolic cages for 24 hour urine collections to measure urinary protein and creatinine excretion. After urine collection and blood sampling for serum creatinine, all rats were sacrificed. The renal tissue was processed for morphometric study with light microscope and electron microscope. Results: 1. The blood pressure of Group C increased progressively, but both enalapril and nicardipine prevented the development of hypertension, and the two drugs were equally effective in maintaining normal blood pressure throughout the study. 2. Twenty-four hour urinary protein excretion was lower in Group E compared to Group C and Group N 3. Mesangial expansion score in both treated groups were significantly lower than the control group. Mean glomerular volume in Group E was significantly reduced compared to Group C and Group N. There was no significant difference in mean glomerular volume between Group C and Group N. 4. There was no significant difference in podocyte structural changes, estimated by filtration slit length density, among control, enalapril and nicardipine treated groups. Conclusion: Control of hypertension with enalapril or nicardipine afforded considerable protection from mesangial expansion in the rat remnant kidney model. But protein excretion and glomerular growth were significantly reduced in Group E compared to Group N. There was no significant difference in podocyte structural changes among the 3 groups.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.144-153
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• 2000

Purpose : Effects to predict tile progression of chronic renal failure (CRF) in children, using mathematical models based on transformations of serum creatinine (Scr) concentration, have failed. Error may be introduced by age-related variations in creatinine production rate. Height (Ht) is a reliable reference for creatinine production in children. Thus, Scr, factored for Ht, could provide a more accurate predictive model. We examined this hypothesis. Methods : The progression of of was detected in 63 children who proceeded to end-stage renal disease. Derivatives of Scr, including 1/Scr, log Scr & Ht/Scr, were defined fir the period Scr was between 2 and 5 mg/dl. Regression equation were used to predict the time, in months, to Scr > 10 mg/dl. The prediction error (PE) was defined as the predicted time minus actual time for each Scr transformation. Result : The PE for Ht/Scr was lower than the PE for either 1/Scr or log Scr (median: -0.01, -2.0 & +10.6 mos respectively; P<0.0001). For children with congenital renal diseases, the PE for Ht/Scr was also lower than for the other two transformations (median: -1.2, -3.2 & +8.2 mos respectively; P<0.0001). However, the PEs for children with glomerular diseases was not as clearly different (median: +0.9, +0.5 & +9.9 respectively). In children < 13 yrs, PE for Ht/Scr was tile lowest, while in older children, 1/Scr provided the lowest PE but not significantly different from that for Ht/Scr. The logarithmic transformation tended to predict a slower progression of CRF than actually occurred. Conclusion : Scr, floored for Ht, appears to be a useful model to predict the rate of progression of CRF, particularly in the prepubertal child with congenital renal disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.416-422
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• 2004

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common postoperative complication after the cardiac surgery. Postoperative ARF have various causes, and are combined with other complications rather than being the only a complication. It deteriorates the general condition of the patient, and makes it difficult to manage the combined complications by disturbing the adequate medication and fluid therapy. We have planned this study to evaluate the effects of postoperative ARF after the on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) on the recovery of patients and identify the risk factors. Method and Material: We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass by a single surgeon from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2002, We checked the preoperative factors; sex, age, history of previous serum creationism over 2.0 mg/㎗, preoperatively last checked serum creatinine, diabetes, hypertension, left ventricular ejection fraction, intraoperative factors; whether the operation is an emergent case or not, cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross clamp time, the number of distal anastomosis, postoperative factors: IABP. Then we have studied the relations of these factors and the cases of postoperative peak serum creatinine over 2.0 mg/㎗. Result: There were 19 cases with postoperative peak serum creatinine over 2.0 mg/㎗ in a total 97 cases. Dialysis were done in 3 cases for ARF with pulmonary edema and severely reduced urine output. There were 8 cases (42.1%) with combined complications among the 19 patients. This finding showed a significant difference from the 5 cases (6,4%) in the patients whose creatinine level have not increased over 2.0 mg/㎗. The mortalities are different as 1.3% to 10.5%. The risk factors that are related with postoperative serum creatinine increment over 2.0 mg/㎗ are diabetes, the history of previous serum creatinine over 2.0 mg/㎗ and left ventricular ejection fraction. Conclusion: Postoperative ARF after the on-pump CABG is related with preoperative diabetes, the history of previous serum creatinine over 2,0 mg/㎗ and left ventricular ejection fraction. Postoperative ARF could De the reason for increased rate of complications and mortality after on-pump CABG. Therefore, in the patients with these risk factors, the efforts to prevent postoperative ARF like off-pump CABG should be considered.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1728-1736
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify prognostic predictors of postoperative acute renal failure(ARF) for the patient undergoing cardiac surgery. Retrospectively review the electronic hospital database at a A hospital from Jan 2008 to Dec. 2011. 483 patients were included in this study. They were divided into a occurrence of ARF group(n=59) and a non occurrence of ARF group(n=424). ARF occurred in 59 cases (12.2%). Multi-variable logistic regression analysis identified that preoperative risk factors include creatinine(OR 3.92, p=<.001), advanced age(OR 2.142, p=.015), female(OR 2.165, p=.015), hypertension(OR 2.513, p=.005), NYHA(New York Heart Association) class II(OR 3.081, p=.003), and III(OR 6.759, p=.004), and intraoperative risk factor includes blood transfusion(OR 3.753, p=<.001), and postoperative factors include bilirubin(OR 4.541, p=.028), creatine(OR 8.554, p=.003), and cardiac output(OR 0.214, p=.033) as a prognostic predictors. The development of postoperative ARF could be a reason for increase in rate of complication and mortality after cardiac surgery. therefore the prevention of ARF is of paramount importance and treatment strategies are urgently needed.

• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.256
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• pp.60-61
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• 2011

당뇨병으로 인한 태아의 위험은 당뇨병의 유전요인보다는 임신부의 대사 장애에 의한 것으로 당뇨병 형태에 따른 태아의 위험 차이는 없는 것으로 추축할 수 있다. 그러나 제 1형 당뇨병임신부는 케톤산혈증이 발생할 가능성이 높고 케톤산 혈증이 발생하면 태아 사망의 가능성도 높아진다. 또 제 1형 당뇨병임신부는 당뇨병성 혈관합병증이 동반될 가능성이 많아 자기의 주 수 보다 체중이 미달되는 경우와 조산 및 임신 중 고혈압질환이 발생할 위험성이 높아진다. 제 2형 당뇨병임산부는 임신부가 비만일 경우 거대아 출산 및 임신 중 고혈압질환이 발생할 위험이 높아진다. 그러나 대부분의 합병증은 임신 전과 임신기간 동안 양호한 혈당조절로 감소시킬 수 있다.

• 건강소식
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• v.19 no.2 s.195
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• pp.14-17
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• 1995

한국건강관리협회 제주도지부에 근무하는 신향식씨가 만성 신부전증을 앓고 있던 형 신태식씨에게 한쪽 신장을 기증해 화제가 되고 있다. 만성 신부전증으로 2년 여간 투병생활을 해온 태식씨는 지난12월 26일 동생으로부터 신장을 이식받아 이제는 건강을 회복해가고 있다. 한편 신장을 이식 하는데는 신향식씨의 부인 김남희씨의 적극적인 후원의 힘이 컸다고 알려져, 가족에 대한 숭고한 사랑과 자신의 과감한 희생이 한 생명을 살리는 미담으로 사회의 귀감이 되고 있다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2004

Purpose : Alport syndrome is clinically characterized by hereditary progressive nephritis causing ESRD with irregular thickening of the GBM and sensory neural hearing loss. The mutations of type IV collagen gene(COL4A5) located on the long arm of X chromosome is considered responsible for most of the structural abnormalities in the GBM of Alport patients. Since no definite clinical prognostic predictor has been reported in the disease yet, we designed this study to evaluate the significance of genetic polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme in children with Alport syndrome as a prognostic factor for disease progression. Methods : ACE I/D genotype were examined by PCR amplification of the genomic DNA in 12 patients with Alport syndrome and 12 of their family members. Alport patients were divided into two groups; the conservative group, those who had preserved renal function for more than 10 years of age, the early CRF group, those who had progressed to CRF within 10 years of age. Results : The mean age of onset was $3.45{\pm}2.4$ years in the conservative group, $4.4{\pm}1.2$ years in the early CRF group. Sex ratios were 5:3 and 2:1 in each group. Among 12 cases of patients, 4 cases were in early CRF group and their mean duration of onset to CRF was 4.5 yews(8.9 years of age). Eight patients(67%) were in the conservative group and they had normal renal function for more than 10 years of age(mean duration of renal preservation was 10.6 years). The incidence of II type ACE gene were in 25.0%(3 cases), ID type in 41.7%(5 cases), DD type in 33.3%(4 cases). There was no significant difference between Alport patient and normal control(II type 44.3%, ID type 40.9%, DD type 14.8%). The incidence of DD type of early CRF group were higher than that of the conservative group(75% vs 12.5%)(p<0.05). There was no difference in ACE gene polymorphism between normal Alport family members and control group. Conclusion : Even though there was no significant difference of ACE polymorphism between Alport patients and the normal control group, the incidence of DD type is significantly increased in early CRF group which means DD type of ACE polymorphism has a possibility of being a predictor for early progression to CRF in Alport patients.

• 방재와보험
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• s.49
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• pp.33-35
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• 1991