• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.279-294
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• 1996

This study was carried out to develop a Korean language version of Zung's self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) from august, 1994 to September, 1996. The subjects consisted of 205 normal control subjects from the general population group, and 97 subjects with anxiety disorders. These 97 subjects were chosen from a group by the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV of in patients and out patients. Both normal control subjects and anxiety disorder subjects were drawn utilizing a cluster of sampling methods. In order to analyze the data on anxiety scores, Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient method was carried out, as well as reliability, factor analysis and discriminant function analysis, utilizing the SPSS/PC+ program. The results obtained were as follows: The mean average of the total anxiety scores were 32.36 + 6.35 for the normal control subjects and 50.53 + 7.67 for anxiety disorder subjects. Test-retest reliability(coefficient r=0.98, p < 0.001), and internal consistency(coefficient r=0.96, p < 0.001) were satisfactory. Factor analysis using oblique technique rotation yielded four factors. The normal control subjects scored higher concerning the symptoms such as sweating, restlessness, apprehension, insomnia and dyspnea, and lower for faintness, mental disintegration, paresthesia, dizziness and tremor. On the other hand, for the anxiety disorders, apprehension, restlessness, sweating, dyspnea and insomnia scored higher, and lower for faintness, paresthesia, nightmare, dizziness and tremor.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.25
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• pp.3-46
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• 2010

Digital records management is one whole system in which many social and technical elements are interacting. To maintain the trustworthiness, the repository needs periodical audit and certification. Thus, individual electronic records management agency needs toolkit that can be used to self-evaluate their trustworthiness continuously, and self-assess their atmosphere and system to recognize deficiencies. The purpose of this study is development of self-certification toolkit for repositories, which synthesized and analysed such four international standard and best practices as OAIS Reference Model(ISO 14721), TRAC, DRAMBORA, and the assessment report conducted and published by TNA/UKDA, as well as MoRe2 and current national laws and standards. As this paper describes and demonstrate the development process and the framework of this self-certification toolkit, other electronic records management agencies could follow the process and develop their own toolkit reflecting their situation, and utilize the self-assessment results in-house. As a result of this research, 12 areas for assessment were set, which include (organizational) operation management, classification system and master data management, acquisition, registration and description, storage and preservation, disposal, services, providing finding aids, system management, access control and security, monitoring/audit trail/statistics, and risk management. In each 12 area, the process map or functional charts were drawn and business functions were analyzed, and 54 'evaluation criteria', consisted of main business functional unit in each area were drawn. Under each 'evaluation criteria', 208 'specific evaluation criteria', which supposed to be implementable, measurable, and provable for self-evaluation in each area, were drawn. The audit and certification toolkit developed by this research could be used by digital repositories to conduct periodical self-assessment of the organization, which would be used to supplement any found deficiencies and be used to reflect the organizational development strategy.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.176-187
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate validity, reliability and reproducibility of tooth width (TW), arch length (AL) and arch length discrepancy (ALD) measured on a digital model taken via 3-dimensional model scanner and intraoral scanner compared to a plaster model. A total of 30 patients aged 12 to 18 were eligible for the study. 3 types of models were acquired from each patient: a conventional plaster model (P), a model scanned digital model (MSD) taken via Freedom UHD^® and an intraoral scanned digital model (ISD) taken via CS3600^® in-vivo. The reliability of TW and AL in each group was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient, while the reproducibility was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficient. The validity of space analysis was assessed by paired t-test. As a result, all measurements of P, MSD and ISD groups showed favorable reliability and reproducibility. Most of measurements for space analysis in MSD group and TW in ISD group also presented high validity. AL and ALD presented statistically significant difference between P and ISD group. The validity of measurements of space analysis in ISD group was short in doubt to valid, but clinically acceptable. Both MSD and ISD are clinically acceptable to use for space analysis but clinician should be aware that errors can be found using a digital model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.374-382
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• 2009

Steam generator(SG) tube, as a barrier isolating primary to the secondary coolant system of nuclear power plants(NPP), must maintain the structural integrity far the public safety and its efficient power generation capacity. And SG tubes bearing defects must be timely detected and taken repair measures if needed. For the accomplishment of these objectives, SG tubes have been periodically examined by eddy current testing(ECT) on the basis of administrative notices and intensified SG management program(SGMP). Stress corrosion cracking(SCC) on the SG tubes is not easily detected and even missed since it has lower signal amplitude and other disturbing factors against its detection. However once SCC is developed, that can cause detrimental affects to the SG tubes due to its rapid propagation rate. Accordingly SCC is categorized as prime damage mechanism challenging the soundness of the SG tubes. In this study, reproduced EDM notch specimens are examined for the detectability and quantitative characterization of the axial ODSCC by +PT MRPC probe, containing pancake, +PT and shielded pancake coils apart in a single plane around the circumference. The results of this study are assumed to be applicable fur providing key information of engineering evaluation of SCC and improvement of confidence level of ECT on SG tubes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.325-336
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to provide fundamental information on the validity and credibility of the Korean geometric psychological assessment (GEOPIA) by investigating the degree of relation between the GEOPIA and the MBTI. Data was collected from 331 subjects aged 19 to 70, residing in Seoul, Gyeonggi Province, Jeolla Province, or Gyeongsang Province. Participants completed the GEOPIA and the MBTI during the period of May to September 2017. The study calculated Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ to verify the tests' validity and reliability through SPSS. For the relational analysis between the results of the tests, we conducted a one-way analysis of variance on the first group of the GEOPIA's personality types, and the Scheffe Test if significant relationship was found. The study found that the circle type was predisposed to ESFJ, the triangle type to ESTJ, the rectangle type to ISTJ, and S type to INFP. Higher scores of feeling (F) and perceiving (P) corresponded to circle and S types, thinking (T) and judging (J) for triangle and rectangle types, extroversion (E) for circle and triangle types, and introversion (I) for rectangle and S types. These confirmed the substantial relations between the GEOPIA and the MBTI.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.161-174
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• 2000

Bayesian inversion is a stable approach to infer the subsurface structure with the limited data from geophysical explorations. In geophysical inverse process, due to the finite and discrete characteristics of field data and modeling process, some uncertainties are inherent and therefore probabilistic approach to the geophysical inversion is required. Bayesian framework provides theoretical base for the confidency and uncertainty analysis for the inference. However, most of the Bayesian inversion require the integration process of high dimension, so massive calculations like a Monte Carlo integration is demanded to solve it. This method, though, seemed suitable to apply to the geophysical problems which have the characteristics of highly non-linearity, we are faced to meet the promptness and convenience in field process. In this study, by the Gaussian approximation for the observed data and a priori information, fast Bayesian inversion scheme is developed and applied to the model problem with electric well logging and dipole-dipole resistivity data. Each covariance matrices are induced by geostatistical method and optimization technique resulted in maximum a posteriori information. Especially a priori information is evaluated by the cross-validation technique. And the uncertainty analysis was performed to interpret the resistivity structure by simulation of a posteriori covariance matrix.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.552-562
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• 2020

This study examined the effects of apartment complex management and residential quality on the residents' residential satisfaction and recommendation intentions. A survey was conducted on the residents of an apartment complex in Doan, Daejeon. Statistical analysis was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out to verify the validity of the measurement tools for apartment complex management, residential quality, living satisfaction, and recommendation intention. The Cronbach's α coefficient was evaluated to verify the reliability of the measurement tools. Multi-regression analyses were conducted to verify the research hypotheses. As a result, the following main results were derived. First, maintenance factors and living management factors among apartment complex management factors were found to have a significant effect on the residents' residential satisfaction. Second, among the factors of residential quality in apartment complexes, convenience, safety, comfortability, and economy had a significant effect on residential satisfaction. Third, residential satisfaction had a significant effect on the recommendation intention. Overall, the factors of apartment complex management and residential quality affecting residential satisfaction and recommendation intentions were derived.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.552-558
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• 2005

A type of dimethyl sulfide gas CRM in the ppb level was developed for the analysis of trace-level odorous gas in environmental atmosphere. The concentration of dimethyl sulfide ($(CH_3)_2S$) was 10 umol/mol level in the cylinder filled with nitrogen, 1500 psi. And the variability of the concentration for 3 years was about 0.1% due to the adsorption or instability of $(CH_3)_2S$. The gas standards produced simultaneously in 4 bottles and examined by GC-FID were shown with 0.4%, reproducibility of preparation and 0.25%, standard uncertainty due to weighing and purity. The relative expended uncertainty of 1.1% (95% of confidence level, k=2) was assigned to the certified value of 10 umol/mol level of $(CH_3)_2S$ after quantitative evaluation on the purity, mixing, weighing, analysis, adsorption and stability of dimethyl sulfide gas.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.116-128
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• 2021

Purpose: The extraction conditions for bioactive components from peanut shells, which is a byproduct of peanut processing, were optimized to enhance the total phenolic content (TPC, Y1), total flavonoid content (TFC, Y2), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (RSA, Y3). In addition, this study evaluated the anti-obesity effect of peanut shell extract. Methods: Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed using a response surface methodology. The independent variables applied for extraction were time (X1: 5.0-55.0), temperature (X2: 26.0-94.0), and ethanol concentration (X3: 0.0%-99.5%). Quadratic regression models were derived based on the results of 17 experimental sets, and an analysis of the variance was performed to verify its accuracy and precision of the regression equations. Results: When evaluating the effects of independent variables on responses using statistically-based optimization, the independent variable with the most significant effect on the TPC, TFC, and RSA was the ethanol concentration (p = 0.0008). The optimal extraction conditions to satisfy all three responses were 35.8 minutes, 82.7℃, and 96.0% ethanol. Under these conditions, the inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase by the extract were 86.4% and 78.5%, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, UAE showed superior extraction efficiency compared to conventional hot-water extraction in the extraction of polyphenols and bioactive materials. In addition, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects were identified, suggesting that peanut shells can be used as effective antioxidants and anti-obesity agents in functional foods and medicines.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.83-98
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• 2021

This study identified the influence of employees' hybrid start-up intention (intention to start a business while maintaining a job) on the employees' self-determination motivation (intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation) and prior knowledge through the Model of Goal-directed Behavior (MGB). We used a PLS-SEM called SmartPLS 3.0 for 126 valid samples collected by judgement extraction for office workers throughout June 13, 2020 to July 3, 2020, and empirically evaluated the measurement model (internal consistency reliability, convergent and discriminant validity) and the structural model (multicollinearity, determination coefficient, effect size, predictive relevance, etc.). Only the intrinsic motivation for realizing the hybrid start-up goal of office workers had a significant impact on the hybrid start-up attitude and subjective norms, and the prior knowledge of hybrid start-up had a significant impact on the hybrid start-up desire and the hybrid start-up intention. In order to induce hybrid start-ups for workers with unstable employment, we need systems and programs that can inspire employees with intrinsic motivation and knowledge about hybrid start-up, so follow-up researches are necessary to analyze about government systems and consulting support that can promote hybrid start-up.