• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.957-962
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• 2012

The principal objective of this study was to determine the effects of an ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunberg (PMT) on body lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet for 5 weeks. The rats were divided into 6 groups: a control group (I), a cholesterol-control group (II), a control group treated with 0.5% PMT (III), a control group treated with 1% PMT (IV), a cholesterol-control treated with 0.5% PMT (V), and a cholesterol-control group treated with 1% PMT (VI). Body weight gains and food efficiency ratios were not significantly different among the groups. The levels of serum blood glucose and triglycerides of the treated animals significantly decreased compared to the control and the cholesterol-control groups (p<0.05). There was a clear tendency of decreased LDL-cholesterol level in PMT-treated animals compared to the cholesterol-control group. However, no significant differences were observed in the serum HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels. In the ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol to LDL-cholesterol concentration, both the 0.5% PMT and 1% PTM extract intake groups had a higher percentage than in the control and cholesterol-control groups (p<0.05). In addition, the atherosclerotic index in serum was significantly lower in the PMT intake group than those in the group control and the cholesterol-control. These results indicated that the PMT extract was effective on the improvement of lipid metabolism in SD rats.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.337-349
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• 2013

The objective of this literature review is to prove that egg cholesterol is not related with heart disease based upon research results of the past 50 years. As a result, it was reported that the dietary intake cholesterol did not affected cholesterol levels in blood. Moreover, it was reported that adding two eggs a day to a healthful diet did not significantly increase blood cholesterol levels in young or middle-aged men and women with normal or even moderately elevated blood cholesterol levels. Cholesterol feeding studies demonstrate that dietary cholesterol increases both LDL and HDL cholesterol with little change in the LDL : HDL ratio as an important risk indicator of heart disease. Especially a good indicator in the elderly from increased HDL-cholesterol, so cholesterol intake appeared to be good for the prevention of heart disease. Thus the consumption of eggs is bad for your health is not known as a fact, but rather was found to be effective in preventing heart disease. Also, all consumers may consume without worrying because there are no official standards regarding egg intake. Therefore, these evidences would clear up some misunderstanding and mistrust on egg cholesterol regarding the consumption of egg as well as give some desirable advice on how to maintain healthy life.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.159-166
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• 2008

The dental caries can be recovered or worse depending on the velocity of de- and remineralization of tooth. It is possible to remineralize the lesions by fluoride agent, but the results can be distinguished according to one's salivary flow rate, quantity of ion contents, and pH of the saliva. This article presents good results after applying the CPP-ACP paste for the patients who have incipient enamel caries. We instructed the patients to apply the paste everyday in the customed tray. We observed the white spot lesions without getting worse and reducing the size of lesions. After applying the CPP-ACP paste for 6 weeks, we concluded that; 1. It was possible to remineralize the incipient caries without preparation of the teeth. 2. CPP-ACP paste was successful for recovery of the demineralized lesions, especially for mild and moderate caries lesions, not for the severe developemental defects or chronic lesions. 3. CPP-ACP paste was efficient for pediatric patients, and the custumed tray was very useful for patients to apply the paste. 4. The ability of the patients for caring their oral hygiene was improved by routine check up and instructions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.478-483
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• 1992

To evaluate a possible effects of instant buckwheat noodle on hepatic and serum lipids profiles, apparent digestibilities and growth rate, male young rats were fed diets containing sucrose as a control group, instant 100% wheat flour noodle, or instant wheat noodle fortified with either 10% or 30% buckwheat flour as experimental groups for 4 weeks. Weight gain and feed intake in the two buckwheat noodle fed groups were similar to those of the wheat flour fed groups. In addition, no significant differences were found in the apparent digestibilities among the groups experimented. There were no differences in the hepatic and serum cholesterol levels due to the diets. However, Buckwheat noodle group showed a trend to decrease the liver and serum concentration of triacylglycerol, compared to the sucrose and 100% wheat flour groups. The addition of buckwheat flour to wheat flour up to 30% seemed to be effective in lowering the hepatic triacylglycerol level. After 10hr fasting, the serum glucose level of the buckwheat noodle group was similar to the levels of the other groups. The presented results indicate that instant noodle containing buckwheat at the level of 30% has a mild hypotriglyceridemic effects, and no adverse effects on the digestion of macronutrients in rats.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.6
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• pp.49-63
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the weight control behaviors, the degree of fatness and dance major on behalf of finding the effects of eating disorders. 779 female high school students, 283 dance major students and 496 general major students, were participated in the study. A self-reporting type of questionnaire survey was conducted during the period from $6^{th}$ May to $18^{th}$ April of 2005. Collected data were processed using SPSSW in 12.0; they were analysed through frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows : 1. With regard to the level of eating disorders(EAT-26), 33.9% of risk group of eating disorder female dance students, and 13.7% of risk group of eating disorder female general major students. Weight-control behaviors in this research were 1) weight control concerns, 2) weight control trial, 3) weight control methods (prescription of M.D., ways of weight control), 4) eating habits. First, 56.6% of subjects had high concerns about weight control, and 92% of subjects had tried weight control. Second, only 5.1% of subjects were prescribed by M.D. Third, subjects had been using wrong methods(25.7%) of weigh control such as fasting, using drugs, vomiting, wearing laps etc. Fourth, 42.7% of the subjects had bad eating habits. The degree of fatness was as follows: 1) BMI(Body Mass Index), 2) self report about weight 3) distorted body image. Depending upon the BMI, the subjects with obesity were not found in female dance students; Comparatively, 36.9% of dance students were fat and 1.4% of the students were very fat. In terms of distorted body image, only 14.9% of all subjects were the same between the subjective degree of fatness and the objective degree of fatness. 2. As a result of multiple regression, six variables were found significant($R^2=11.6%$, P < 0.01). Concerns about the weight control significantly influenced on eating disorders(EAT-26). At the same time, major(dance), wrong methods of weight control, distorted body image, prescription of M.D, and eating habits had significantly influenced on eating disorders. This results indicates that the risk of eating disorders among female dancer students was very high. Therefore, professional intervention is needed for female dance students to prevent the eating disorders.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.331-338
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• 1999

Chemoradiation therapy used on pediatric oncology patients often causes dental developmental anomalies that affect future dental care. Defects noted include tooth and root agenesis, root thining and shortening, and localized enamel defects. The effect of radiotherapy usually are confined to the radiation site, but the effects of chemotherapy may be more wide spread because of its systemic distribution and structures and organs unrelated to the primary tumor may be affected. Many pediatric cancers are treated with a combination of radiation and multiagent chemotherapy to create synergic and additive effects. Dental treatment affected by chemoradiation damage to developing teeth includes orthodontic tooth movement, prosthetic abutment considerations, periodontal health, space maintenance, requirements for home fluoride regimens to protect hypomineralized areas, restoration options for hypoplastic/hypomineralized teeth, and endodontic procedures. The following case demonstrate chemoradiation therapy effects on the dental development.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05b
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• pp.1057-1060
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• 2011

본 연구는 건강신념모형의 주요 변수와 고지혈증 환자의 건강행태와의 관계를 파악하여 고지혈증 환자의 건강행태를 촉진하고 더 나아가 만성질환 보건사업 및 교육프로그램을 계획하는데 기초 자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 자료는 2009년 07월부터 2010년 9월까지 총콜레스테롤이 240mg/dl 이상이고, 중성지방이 200mg/dl 이상으로 고지혈증을 진단받은 20세 이상의 성인 남녀 146명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였으며, SPSS WIN(14.0 한글판) 프로그램을 이용하여 Chronbach's alpha의 신뢰성 분석, 요인분석, 단변량 및 다변량 분석을 시행하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 연구에서는 LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, TG에 대한 인지수준 중 TG에 대한 인지가 가장 높았고, 3가지 모두를 인지한 경우는 28.08%였다. 또한 9가지 항목에 대한 고지혈증 지식수준은 9점 만점에 평균 6.51이었으며, 지식수준이 높을수록 건강행태수준도 높았다. 둘째, 요인분석을 통하여 10개의 건강행태를 2개 요인으로 재분류 하였다. 그 결과, 건강행태 요인 1은 '식이, 운동 습관 및 고지혈증 검사 및 관련 검사요인', 건강행태 요인 2는 '흡연, 음주 습관 및 고지혈증 치료 관련 요인'이었다. 건강행태 요인1에 유의한 관련성이 있는 건강신념변수는 심각성, 이득, 장애로 나타났고, 취약성은 상관 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 각 신념 요인들과 건강행태 간의 상관되는 순서는 이득(r =.455), 심각성 (r=.38), 장애(r=-.244) 순으로 나타나 고지혈증에 대한 이득 인식이 건강행태 요인1과 가장 관련성이 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 그러나, 건강행태 요인2는 건강신념변수와 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 행동계기에 따른 건강행태의 관계를 살펴보면, 교육을 받았을 때 건강행태 요인1과 요인2에 모두 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타나, 교육이 고지혈증 환자의 건강행태에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것을 보여 주었다. 넷째, 다중회귀분석 결과 고지혈증 건강행태 요인1에 영향을 미치는 요인 중 유의한 요인으로 인지된 심각성 및 이점 신념요인, 교육여부, 보건소 교육정도 이었다. 건강행태 요인2에서는 성별, 연령, 교육여부가 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 건강신념모형이 고지혈증 건강행태를 예측하는데 적합한 모형이라고 판단 할 수 있으며, 건강행태 요인 특성에 따라 건강신념변수 중 고지혈증 예방에 대한 이득을 높이 인식할 수 있도록 프로그램과 교육목표를 설정하면 보다 효과적인 교육이 될 것이라 생각된다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2001

Median cleft of the lower lip and/or mandible is a rare congenital anomaly, first mentioned by Couronne in 1819. Monroe(1966), Fujino(1970), Ranta(1984) and Oostrom(1996) conducted comprehensive reviews and list cases in literature. Median cleft varies greatly, from a simple vermilion notch to a complete cleft of the lip involving the tongue, the chin, the mandible, the supporting structures of the median of the neck, and the manubrium sterni. The associated anomalies include ankyloglossia, cleft tongue, neck contraction, heart lesion, absence of hyoid bone, and so on. The etiology of median cleft is unknown. Various possibilities, such as failure of mesodermal penetration into the midline, failure of fusion of mandibular processes, external factors apart from the embryogenic pattern such as pressure, position in utero, circulatory failure caused placental adhesion, diseases in pregnancy, and so on, have been discussed. A 8-year-old girl was referred to the Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital and had been aware of the fact that at birth "she had something wrong with her mouth." Shortly after birth she had been examined by a plastic surgeon and at that time surgical procedure had been performed to release the tongue from the lower jaw and lip at local hospital. On admission, she had a slight notching of lower lip and two fibrous frenum ran from the lip along the ventral surface of the tongue, diastema between her mandibular central incisors, and slightly constricted bifid mandible associated independent movement of the two halves of mandible. The patient had autogenous iliac bone graft to reconstruct the mandibular midline defect. The postoperative result was uneventful. In future, the correction of the soft tissue deformities such as notching of the lower lip and partial ankyloglossia will be required for the esthetic and functional improvement.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2017

Cerebral palsy(CP) is a motor disorder of the central nervous system resulting from irreversible brain injury due to congenital or acquired causes. Health-related quality of their life is associated with severity of impairment and socioeconomic factors. These patients are particularly easy to be neglected because they lack capacity to care themselves unless they have the help of caregiver from high socioeconomic status. A 11-year-old girl with severe motor impairment came with the chief complaint of severe calculus deposition on whole dentition. She was taken with bed-ridden state with pediatrician not her parents. Since brain was damaged at the age of two, she has been left alone in the city care hospitals without parental care. Main caregiver is her father with not high educational level. Oral hygiene was not performed at all. Severe calculus deposition, gingival swelling, and gingival redness around the whole dentition were observed. During the 1st and 2nd visit, scaling and extraction was performed. CP patients with low socioeconomic status and severe motor impairment tend to be neglected from dental treatment. Dental care, along with medical care, is crucial to the quality of CP patients' lives. Therefore it is important that they visit for regular dental check ups and receive preventative care.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.709-716
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• 2005

Patients with cleft tip and palate present severe maxillary hypoplasia due to scar of lip and palate, often accompanied by compromised mastication, speech abnormalities. Sometimes maxillary hypoplasia persist even though active orthodontic treatment was done. In theses cases, patients born with cleft lip and palate will be potential candidates for maxillary advancement with bone grafting after growth to correct the functional deformities and improve aesthetic facial proportions. But, maxillary advancement using standard surgical approaches has several limitations : increased relapse tendency after maxillary advancement, necessity of additional bone graft and mandibular setback surgery. Distraction osteogenesis is current treatment modality to overcome these limitations, thus has become popular for treatment of maxillary hypoplasia associated cleft lip and palate, craniosyntosis. Especially, rigid external distraction, contrary to internal device, has advantages : better vector control of osteotomized segment, effective traction of the bony segments, the ease of the application and removal the distraction device. This study showed that relatively successful result could be generated by using rigid external distraction osteogenesis(RED) in the case of cleft lip and palate with severe maxillary hypoplasia, 6 years 7 months old.