• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.20 no.2 s.47
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• pp.117-121
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• 1981

The screening method of varietal resistance on the plant hoppers has generally been evaluated as a reaction of plant after infesting insects. However, feeding amount of insects to the varieties was investigated in this experiment. The new method using isotope $^{32}P$ for rice varietal resistance to plant hoppers was carried out through the following method. Insects tested were caged for a few hours on the plants which had absorbed $^{32}P$ solution in small vials for $24\~48\;hours$. After feeding, insects were killed in the refrigerator with formalin solution, and then were measured by the feeding amount as a count per minute (CPM) with the G.M. Counter. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The apparatus of Type D(Fig. 2) was most effective and the safest among four others. 2. The optimum amount of $H_3PO_4$ solution was found to be $2\~3m1$. 3. Radioactivity of $0.7\mu\;Ci.\;^{32}P$ was sufficient to check varietal difference of feeding amount by the brown planthopper. 4. Radioisotope was found from the body of insects but not in the cuticular layer nymphs cast off.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 1991

A new technique involving gamma-spectrometry was used to determine the effects of pollination on mineral uptake in petals, ovaries and leaves of tulips and daffodils. A gamma-emitting radionu'::lide solution containing selenium-75, cesium-137, manganese-54, and zinc-65 was applied to the roots of tulips and daffodils growing in water. Mineral uptake was monitored in plant parts over a 24 day period. Pollinated tulip flowers showed a rapid withdrawal of minerals from the petals and an increase in ovary mineral content, while such a source-sink relationship was not established in daffodils. In both species, the concentration of most minerals in petals and ovaries declined prior to abortion of the plant part. The roots and bulbs of the plants contained the vast majority of the labeled minerals. This study demonstrated a possibility that certain plant parts could be isolated and monitored for mineral uptake over time without destruction.uction.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 1983

The absorption and translocation of strontium-90 by soybean plant, Glycine max, was studied by applying strontium-90 solution on the foliage or on the soil surface right after the first flowering time under greenhouse conditions. The results are summarized as follows. In the foliar application of strontium-90, only a small portion of the radioactivity was translocated to other parts of the plant and most of it remained in the applied leaves, which should cause soil contamination after falling. In the soil surface application of strontium-90, much of the radioactivity was absorbed through the root and translocated to stems and leaves by different patterns depending on the growth stage.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.385-391
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• 1997

To investigate the degrees of toxification in the serpentine areas, serpentinites and adjacent metamorphic rocks and soils from the serpentinite, metamorphic area and transitional area(mixed soil) between serpentinite and metamorphic rocks are collected from the Hongseong-Gun, Chungnam. A plant, Geochemically, the serpentinites are high in the nickel, chromium and cobalt content whereas the metamorphic rocks show high zinc, scandium, molybdenum and iron contents. The serpentine soils are high in the nickel, chromium and cobalt contents whereas the non-serpentine soils show high zinc and iron contents. Heavy metal contents in the G. oldhamiana are high in the serpentine soil relative to the mixed soil. Ratio of the iron to nickel contents for the G. oldhamiana are low in the serpentine soil(49) relative to the mixed soil(216). Of the G. oldhamiana, most of the heavy metal contents except zinc and molybdenum are high in the root relative to the aboveground vegetation. Comparing with rocks, the G. oldhamiana is low in the all of heavy metal contents relative to the serpentinite. Uptake of zinc by the G. oldhamiana is high in the serpentinites and metamorphic rocks whereas uptake of scandium and iron by the G. oldhamiana is very high in the serpentinite area.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 1993

毒에는 비소, 수은처럼 無機毒과 식물, 동물성의 有機毒이 있으며, 有機毒에는 알카로이드, 배당체, 단백毒 등이 있다. 식물의 알카로이드毒을 중심으로 이것이 어떻게 藥物로서 이용되어 왔는지에 관해 다루었다. Morphine의 발견을 계기로 여러 종류의 식물 알카로이드가 계속 분리되었으며, 藥의 탐구의 새로운 길을 열었다. Morphine은 우수한 진통의 효과를 가졌지만, 흡수억제 및 습관성의 결점을 가지고 있다. 또, Areca catechu L. 의 종자(빈낭자)에는arecoline, arecaidine 등의 piperidine系의 알카로이드를 함유하고 있다. Arecoline은 副交感神經 흥분작용이 있고, 침분비 촉진, 比瀉 등으로 사용되어 왔지만, 지금은 그 용도가 적어졌다. 그리고 화살독이 되는 毒을 약물로 사용한 것은 Acontium屬 식물이 유일한 것이다. 중국에서는 이를 身體四肢關節의 마비, 疼痛의 회복, 대사기능실조의 회복 등의 목적으로 사용해 왔다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.836-841
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• 2012

Distributions and growth of submerged plants with water level were investigated in a flood control reservoir around Dongbok Lake. In adddition, the total amount of biomass and uptakes of plants per unit area ($m^2$) in the flood control reservoir were investigated. The total vegetation area was $156,871m^2$ in the Dongbok flood control reservoir ($209,160m^2$) before flooding. By July 11, the Dongbok flood control reservoir was flooded during rainy season except for upper area. Dominant plants were CRXDM (Carex dimorpholepis Steud), ECHCF (Echinochloa crusgalli), POLHY (Polygonum hydropiper L) and BROTE (Bromus tectorum L) which occupied 75% of the flood control reservoir. The total amounts of organic matter uptakes per unit area ($m^2$) with distribution rates by CRXDM, ECHCF, POLHY and BROTE under different submerged plants were 65.5, 6.8, 7.0 and 13.0%, respectively. The total amount of nitrogen uptakes per unit area ($m^2$) with distribution rates at different submerged plants were in the order of CRXDM ($1.30g\;m^{-2}$) > POLHY ($0.34g\;m^{-2}$) > BROTE ($0.30g\;m^{-2}$) > ECHCF ($0.25g\;m^{-2}$). The total amounts of phosphorus uptakes per unit area ($m^2$) with distribution rates at different submerged plants were great in the order of CRXDM (51.8%) > BROTE (17.7%) > POLHY (10.3%) > ECHCF (9.6%). Thus, the results of this study suggest that O.M, T-N and T-P by submerged plants in Dongbok Lake were strongly influenced at water quality in flood control reservoir.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.361-365
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• 2004

Chitin and its derivatives have been introduced to tomato seedlings by direct mixing of chitin, chitosan, or chitooligosaccharides (CO) with soils, watering of chitosan or CO solutions to soils, or chitosan-coating of tomato seeds as a biomodulator of plant growth, and the growth of tomato plants was measured 30- and 45-day after seeding in the pots. The treatment of chitin and its derivatives promoted the growth of tomato plants in plant heights, shoot weight, maximum leaf length and number of leaves. By comparison in the contents of cellular inorganic nutrients in the plants, it was found out that chitin or chitosan treatments accelerated nitrogen and potassium uptake but inhibit calcium uptake, suggesting that chitin and its derivatives modulate absorption of inorganic nutrients through plant roots from environment.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.233-240
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• 2000

Aspects of structural differentiation of the free -floating hydrophyte, Spirodela polyrhira, has been investigated. The hydrophyte exhibited highly reduced structures having only fronds, connective stalks, and roots as a mature plant. The fronds were major photosynthetic and vegetatively reproducing organ during the growth. Daughter fronds which developed early in the mother frond were also chlorenchymatous, but they remained within foliage sheaths of the mother frond before separation from connecting stalks. Although the stalks and roots originated from the same meristematic region of the frond, they exhibited the distinct polarity showing former lateral growth and latter axial growth. Air chambers were formed only in the fronds and roots. Cellular components were scattered throughout the diffuse cytoplasm in most of the actively growing stalk cells. Root cells protected by the root cap demonstrated relatively complex organization, showing dense cytoplasm with Golgi, rER, mitochondria, and chloroplasts in the cortical cells. Cells in the root cap were highly vacuolated within the peripheral cytoplasm. Such reduction and differentiation of the plant body in Spirodela polyrhiza most effectively contributes to the better adaptation of smaller plants to superficial aquatic environments, while also enabling the rapid growth.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.409-413
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• 2015

To enhance phytoremediation, which removes heavy metal from soil, transgenic plants were applied to contaminated soil. We constructed a transformation vector expressing both $TgMTP_1$ (T. goesingense metal tolerance protein):HA and TgMTP:GFP genes. Transgenic plants were generated using an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system that expressed the two vectors. Screening and analysis confirmed the incorporation of foreign genes into the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. Callus was induced in the 116 T3 line. These transgenic plants and calli were used for further analyses on the accumulation of Ni. The 116 T3-line plants and calli from selected lines were resistant to heavy metals and accumulated Ni in their leaves. The expression level of TgMTP RNA was equal in all leaves, but protein stability increased in the leaves with Ni treatment. According to these results, we suggest that $TgMTP_1$-overexpressing plants may be useful for phytoremediation of soil.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.72-76
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• 2021

The amount of evapotranspiration (water absorption) according to wind speed showed the same trend in gold mound (Spiraea × bumalda), Japanese spurge (Pachysandra terminalis), and ivy (Hedera japonica Tobler). All the three plants showed maximum water absorption at 4 m·s-1; water absorption tended to decrease as wind speed decreased. The control group without wind speed treatment had the most amount of water absorption compared with the groups that were subjected to wind exposure. However, the plant growth of all three plants increased to the maximum value when wind speeds were 2 and 1 m·s-1. When comparing the relationship among water absorption, air temperature, and relative humidity, the water absorption of plants tended to be low from May 20 to 26, when air temperature and relative humidity were the lowest. The results of this study will help establish an urban wall-planting system taking building wind into consideration. Further, this study may help in the selection of plant types for ecological parks in windy islands.