• Title/Summary/Keyword: 식물체 추출물

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Defense Response of Cucumber Plants Treated with Neobacillus sp. JC05 Extract against Meloidogyne incognita (Neobacillus sp. JC05 추출물을 처리한 오이 식물의 고구마뿌리혹선충에 대한 방어 반응 검정)

  • Kim, Yu-Ri;Jang, Hwajin;Sang, Mee Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.393-407
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    • 2022
  • The effect of Neobacillus sp. JC05 extract on the defense response in cucumber plants against root-knot nematode (RKN) was evaluated. As a result of drench treatment of JC05-extract in cucumber plants, formation of egg mass per plants and disease severity were significantly decreased compared to untreated control plants; the malondialdehyde contents also decreased in JC05-extract treated plants. When eggs of Meloidogyne incognita were inoculated, cucumber plants treated with JC05-extract elevated pathogenesis-related gene expression such as chitinase and lipoxygenase, these are well known as inducing resistance in plants, in addition, peroxidase among antioxidant enzymes was significantly activated. Moreover, the JC05-extract enhanced FDAse activity in soils grown cucumber plants inoculated by eggs of M. incognita. Taken together, these results suggest that the JC05-extract could involve in activation of defense-related mechanisms of cucumber plants and result in decrease of disease occurrence caused by M. incognita.

Laarvicidal Acrivities of Extracts from Domestic and Japanese Plants aginst the Pine Needle Gall Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) (국내산 및 일본산 식물체 추출물의 솔잎혹파리 유츙에 대한 살충활성)

  • 김순일;안용준;이상길;김준범;변병호
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.153-158
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    • 1996
  • Methanol extracts from 79 domestic plant species in 41 families and the crude oil of one Japanese plant species were tested for their larvicidal activities against Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye, using filter paperimpregnated and insect-dipping methods. In a test with 10 mgtpaper, strong larvicidal activity (>90% mortality) was obtained from the extracts of roots from three domestic plants belonging to Ranunculaceae (Aconitum pseudo- leave var. eretum, A. carmichaeli and Clematis florida) and the crude oil of sawdust from a Japanese plant, Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai (Cupressaceae). However, only the crude oil from the Thujopsis sawdust revealed strong larvicidal activity when tested with 5,000 ppm by insect-dipping method. It is concluded that the Thujopsis sawdust-derived materials could be useful as a new control agent against T. japonensis.

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Plant Cell Wall as an Inducer of Pectate Lyase of Erwinia rhapontice (Erwinia rhapontici의 Pectate Lyase를 유도하는 식물 세포벽)

  • 최재을;한광섭
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.129-131
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    • 1996
  • Pecatate lyase(Pel)는 펙틴과 펙틴산을 분해하며, 기주식물의 감염에 관여한다. Erwinia rhapontici에 있어서 기주와 병원균이 병원성과의 상호관계를 구명하기 위하여 pectate lyase(Pel) 활성에 미치는 식물체 추출물과 세포벽의 효과를 검토하였다. 본 균은 glycerol이 포함된 minimal salts(MSG) 배지와 식물체 추출물이 첨가된 MSP 배지에서는 Pel 활성이 검출되지 않았다. 그러나 배추, 상추 잎, 감자 괴경, 셀러리 잎자루, 양파 인경, 당근 뿌리의 세포벽이 첨가된 MSP 배지에서는 Pel의 활성이 검출되었다. Pel을 유도하는 식물 인자는 불용성이고, 열처리에 불안전하였다.

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Growth-inhibitory Responses of Human Intestinal Bacteria to Extracts from Indian and African Plants (인도산 및 아프리카산 식물체 추출물의 장내세균에 대한 생육억제 반응)

  • Park, Suck-Joon;Choi, Don-Ha;Cho, Hyung-Chan;Hiremath, I. G.;Ahn, Young-Joon
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.104-109
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    • 1998
  • Methanol extracts from 84 Indian plant samples (50 species in 31 families) and 27 African plant samples (20 species in 12 families) in vitro were tested for their growth-inhibitory activities against Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli, using a paper disc agar diffusion method under $O_2-free$ conditions. The responses varied with bacterial strain, plant species and plant part. Extracts from Cymbopogon citratus whole plants, Ocimum basilicum whole plant, Madhuca indica flowers, and Aegle marmelos leaves among Indian plant samples moderately or strongly inhibited the growth of Cl, perfringens whereas moderate growth-inhibitory activity against E. coli was obtained from extract of Indian O. basilicum whole plants. These plant extracts did not affect the growth of the lactic acid forming bacteria tested. These results may be an indication of at least one of the pharmacological actions of these tropical plants.

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The Anticaries Activity of Hot Water Extracts from Foeniculum vulgare (회향열수 추출물의 치면 세균막 형성 억제 효과)

  • Kim, Sang-Moo;Choi, Chang-Hyuk;Kim, Jang-Won;Won, Se-Ra;Rhee, Hae-Ik
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.84-87
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    • 2008
  • In this research, we screened for glucosyltransferase (GTase) inhibitors that effectively prevent the dental caries from 420 kinds of boiled water extracts of herbs and wild plants and searched for GTase inhibitory activities. Among them, 13 kinds of hot water extracts had high GTase inhibitory activities and especially, we focused on Foeniculum vulgare which showed the highest inhibitory activity on GTase. The boiled water extract of F. vulgare was stable at high temperature and showed as a mixed type of competitive and uncompetitive inhibition kinetic behavior. It did not have antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans and had inhibitory activity on GTase. Specially, in the clinical trial, the group treated by boiled water extract of F. vulgare showed more decrease of plague index at 4.8 point than untreated group. These results suggested that boiled water extract of F. vulgare can effectively suppress the plague formation as it inhibits the GTase activity.

Evaluation of Insecticidal Activity of Plant Extracts against the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on Vegetable Plant (배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella)에 대한 식물추출물의 살충력 평가)

  • Choi, I-Jin;Kwon, Hyuk-Hyun;Lee, Han-Ho;Son, Hyoung-Gi;Hong, Sang-Kil;Kang, Jong-Woon;Park, Yu-Soon
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2013
  • This study focused on the usefulness of plant extracts for a city organic farm. Insecticidal activity of 8 plant species, plants crude extracts by ethanol and water, against third instar larvae (susceptible strain) of Plutella xylostella was evaluated in this study. Ethanol(25%) extracts of plant materials had better insecticidal activity than water extracts at the room temperature. Insecticidal activity were investigated by leaf disc spray method. Five plant extracts (Capsicum annuum, Chelidoniun majus, Leonurus sibiricus, Coptis japonica, Mentha piperascens) showed over 50% insecticidal activity to P. xylostella at the concentration of $1500mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Extract of C. annuum showed the highest insecticidal activity (83.3%) against P. xylostella. Phytotoxicity was not observed on Raphanus sativus and Brassica campestris with spray application. Seed germination and growth of two plants were not affected. Extract of C. japonica revealed 73.3% control efficacy against P. xylostella of R. sativus and showed 70% control efficacy against those of B. campestris, respectively, in plastic house. Insecticidal activity against various insects was observed in C. japonica extract as 87.4% for R. sativus and 74.3% for B. campestris in the field. These results suggested that extracts of C. annuum, C. japonica showed the highest insecticidal activity, and could be used as city farm insecticides for organic farming.

Inhibition of Meloidogyne incognita Egg Hatching by Herbal Extracts (식물체 추출물이 뿌리혹선충(Meloidogyne incognita)의 부화에 미치는 영향)

  • Elbadri, G.A.A.;Lee, Dong-Woon;Park, Jung-Chan;Choo, Ho-Yul;Kim, Hyeong-Hwan
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.155-161
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    • 2008
  • The inhibitory effect of herbal extracts using methanol and hexane collected from Sudan and Korea was evaluated on egg hatching of Meloidogyne incognita. The concentration of herbal extracts were 10,000, 1,000 and 100 ppm, respectively. They were treated to Meloidogyne incognita eggs after 3, 7, and 21 days of hatching. All herbal extracts inhibited egg hatching significantly compared to the control. The degree of inhibition was directly related to the concentration of the extracts. At 10,000 ppm, very fewer individuals were hatched at all the periods of exposure with the exception of the extract of fruits of Quisqalis indica which gave 84.4 and 54.5% at 7 and 21 days, respectively. Egg hatching was completely ceased, especially after 7 days for most of the extracts. While at 1,000 ppm relatively high numbers of eggs were hatched compared to the higher concentration, as well the extracts Q. indica reported many number of hatched eggs compared to others, especially at 21 days. On the other hand, the extract from pods of Cucumis mello var agrestis gave the least hatching number of eggs at all periods of exposure which gave 2, 8, and 3% at 3, 7, and 21 days, respectively in comparison to the control. Whereas at 100 ppm, inhibition increased with exposure time. However, the extract leaf of Desmodium caudatum represented the fewer hatching eggs at 3 and 7 days.

Effect of Plant Extracts with Superoxide Dismutase-like Activity on Survival of Fruit Flies under Oxidative Stress (Superoxide Dismutase유사활성을 지닌 식물체가 Oxidative Stress를 받고 있는 초파리의 수명에 미치는 영향)

  • Han, Dae-Seok;Kwak, Jae-Hyock;Kim, Sang-Hee;Kim, Seok-Joong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.865-869
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    • 1996
  • Biological effect of aqueous extracts of 12 plants which showed superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity in vitro was evaluated using Drosophila melanogaster. Survival percentage of the flies was a criterion of effect when the flies were exported to paraquat, which generated superoxide anion radical in vivo. When flies were co-administered with paraquat and aqueous extracts of garlic, lettuce, kiwi, and nameko, they showed no defensive effect against of oxygen toxicity. If flies were exposed to 60 mM paraquat after adaptation to feed containing plant extracts with SOD-like activity for 10 days, however, survival percentage of flies fed with phytochemicals was $35{\sim}63%$ while that percentage of flies fed without phytochemical was only 11%. This result indicated that adaptation of flies to plant extracts with SOD-like activity could prevent the flies from oxidative injury. On the other hand, lettuce, kiwi, nameko, onion, persimmon, fern brake and cauliflower showed a reparative effect on an oxidative stress. Dropwort, shiitake, agaric mushroom and broccoli did not show such an effect.

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Lavicidal and Antifeeding Activities of Oriental Medicinal Plant Extracts against Plutella xylostella( Lepidoptera: Yponomeutoidae) and Spodoptera liture (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (배추좀나방과 담배거세미나방 유충에 대한 한방식물체의 살충활성 및 섭식 저해활성)

  • 권정현;안용준;권형욱;장경수;조광연
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.225-229
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    • 1994
  • The methanol extracts from 30 species of oriental medicinal plants belonging to 24 families were tested for their lhicidal and antifeeding activit~es against diamondback moth (Plutello xylostella L) and tobacco cutworn (Spodoptera litura F.) by a leaf-dipping method at a concentration of 5, 000 ppm. The methanol extract from Copti chinensis only showed a potent larvicidal activity against P xylostello. Strong antifeeding activity against P. xylostello was observed from the extmds from Platycodon grandiflorurn, Codonopsis pilosula, Asomm sieboldii, Rhus chinensis and Uthospermum erythrorhizon And a potent antifeeding activity against S. liturn was obtained from Akebia quinata and Equlsetum hyemale extracts. A significant antifeeding activity against both species was obtained from R chinensis and C. chinensis extracts.

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Nematicidal Activity of Eclipta prostrata Extract and Terthiophene against Pine Wood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (한련초(Eclipta prostrata) 추출물과 terthiophene의 소나무재선충(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)에 대한 살선충 효과)

  • Shin, Jin Hee;Kwon, OhGyeong;Lee, Chae Min;Lee, Sang Myeong;Choi, Young Hwa;Kim, Jin Ho;Kim, Young Sub;Lee, Dong Woon
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.56-65
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    • 2016
  • Pine wood nematode, Bursaphlenchus xylophilus is a fatal damaging pest, infecting pinewood trees and is one of the serious forest pest in Korea. Trunk injection is one of the most effective method to protect the live pine trees from nematode infection. The aim of this research was to reveal the efficacy of the nematicidal materials from 46 Kyrgyzstan, 88 Vietnam plant materials and 21 active materials (${\alpha}$-terpinene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-thujaplicin, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, emodin, geraniol, limonone, methyl palmitate, matrine, myrcene, methyl gallate, nicotine, quassin, resveratrol, rotenone, thymol, thujaplicin, terthiophene, tuberstemonine, ${\gamma}$-terpinene) isolated from plants for using as trunk injection agents. Eclipta prostrata extract was highly effective against pine wood nematode in plant extracts and terthiophene has the best nematicidal activity from active materials isolated from plants. Foliar spray of terthiophene on Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii) tree reduced proliferation of inoculated pine wood nematode at 22 days after treatment, however no efficacy was found over 22 days. Eclipta prostrata extract and terthiophene can be used as nematicide for further nematicidal efficacy test against any other plant parasitic nematodes and trunk injection efficacy against pine wood nematode.