• Magazine of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.3 no.3 s.10
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• pp.23-27
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• 2003

수문학자들의 주요 관심사 중 하나인 정확한 면적 강우량을 파악하는데 있어서 강우레이더는 아주 우수한 첨단 장비이다. 그러나 S 밴드나 C 밴드 레이더를 고지대에서 운영하는 것은 많은 시설비와 운영비가 필요하다. 따라서 연구 및 대도시 소유역에 대한 강우 관찰 목적으로는 차량 탑재가 가능한 소형 X 밴드 레이더가 유용할 수 있다. X 밴드 전파는 강우 도래시 전파특성상 감쇠(減衰:attenuation)가 크며, 감쇠도는 강우강도에 영향을 받는다. 이를 극복하기 위한 이중-편파 이론이 1970년대에 제시되었으나, 기술적인 어려움으로 20여년이 지난 1990년대에 실무적용이 가능하게 되었다. 현재 이중-편파 레이더의 도입으로 감쇠보정 알고리듬이 성공적으로 개발되고 있으며, 그와 같은 발상의 전환은 차등위상(differential phase)에 의한 강우 측정방법 개발로 전파 감쇠에 영향을 받지 않는 강우 관측이 가능하게 하였다. 본 기사에서는 소형 X밴드 이중-편파(偏波) 레이더의 강우량 산정방법에 대하여 간략히 검토하고자 한다.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2019

Korea, which became an aging society in 2000, has made transition to an aged society more quickly than expected since late 2017 after 17 years. Despite this trend, the awareness towards elderly housing facilities has not yet been raised across in society. The primary reason is that use of elderly housing facilities has not been promoted due to lack of understanding about the construction and management of the facilities. The housing of the elderly should be considered in terms of not only residential space but also the issues of medical care and continuous care. Therefore, the trend of elderly housing is pursuing the Continuing Care Retirement Community. Thus, this study analyzed the policies of existing elderly housing facilities and existing elderly housing through comparison with policies and housing of foreign countries. Based on the results, the the government intends to present characteristics and direction of suitable housing design of senior citizens' housing facilities through maintenance of UNIT, securing convergence through changes in the use of facilities, and realising the cost of operation, and studying social welfare measures to cope with the increasing number of elderly residents.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.56-61
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• 2005

Economic feasibility for retrofitting the wet bottom ash handling system to the dry system in a existing 500MW${\times}$2 units pulverized coal thermal power plant in Korea was studied. Replacing to the dry system requires the initial capital costs of 13,415,127,000\, and saves the operating costs of 935,345,000\ per year. Economic analyses based on these results showed that the initial capital cost would not be recovered within the service life of the facilities at the interest rate of 10%, and the internal rate of return of 5.6% were obtained. Thus, the retrofitting to the dry system was not economically favorable in the current condition. However, the retrofitting would be profitable when the ash disposal cost and ash selling price were increased over 15,000\/MT or 17,000\/MT, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.293-302
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify the problems and improvement plans of grouphome management, by analyzing the sizes and items of children grouphome budgets of national and local governments. Major results of this study were as follows. First, the most crucial issue regarding labor costs within child grouphome budget, was that there was a significant difference in conditions between workers in similar institutions and regions. Small-sized institutions operated under a system that inevitably required excessive workload for workers, leading to exhaustion. Second, the support of operation expenses was absolutely insufficient to meet the general and special needs of children, and the relative differences between facilities of the same type were also identified. Third, children grouphome had limitations in stable business planing and implementation due to the absence of business expense support. Through this analysis, this paper discussed appropriate budget supporting measures regarding children grouphome, in order to ensure equal protection of grouphome children.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.26-35
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• 2022

The 7th education reform in 1997 has led changes in the way buildings were constructed and such changes drove educational facilities to steadily consume more energy every year. Also, these facilities take several years' estimated expenditure as well as the increased unit price of electricity into account when planning their annual operating budget. Such circumstances may adversely affect the establishment of their budget plan since improper allocation of operating costs could take place. To propose educational facilities' operating budget management plan on electrical energy consumption, this study developed a model that help oversee the facilities' consumption of electrical energy. For the model development, the primary core variables related to electrical energy factors from the aspects of surroundings, physics, policy, etc. were derived from taking both literature research and the characteristics of these facilities into account. The secondary core variables were then derived using the correlation analysis. Lastly, the electric energy use prediction model was developed by performing regression analysis based on the derived secondary core variables.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1405-1409
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• 2006

본 연구는 다목적 유전자알고리즘을 이용해서 상수도관망의 펌프 스케쥴링을 최적화하는 방안을 도출하기 위한 연구이다. 상수도관망의 시스템을 모의하기 위한 방법으로는 EPANET을 이용해서 각각의 결정변수에 관한 펌프운영비용을 산정하였으며, 이렇게 계산된 편익함수의 값을 다목적 유전자알고리즘의 목적함수로 이용해서, 펌프스케쥴링에 관한 여러 가지 대안을 제시하였다. 상수도관망의 운영을 위해서는 안정적인 용수공급이 가능하면서도 최소한의 에너지비용을 필요로 하는 펌프운영방식을 필요로 하게 되는데, 이때 용수수요량의 변화 등 운영여건이 바뀌게 되더라도, 수리적 안정성이 확보되는 범위내에서의 최적 운영방안이 필요하게 된다. 이와 같은 펌프운영방안의 최적화는 상당히 많은 수의 결정변수를 요구하게 되고, 결정변수의 탐색범위 또한 상당히 넓은 경우가 대부분이기 때문에, 국부최적해에 수렴하는 현상이 나타나지 않고, 넓은 범위의 결정변수 영역을 빠르게 탐색할 수 있으며, 여러 가지 대안을 효율적으로 제시할 수 있는 다목적 유전자알고리즘을 사용하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 상수도 관망 펌프 스케쥴링 기법을 이용하면, 운영여건의 변화에 따른 펌프운영비용의 최소화 여부를 검토할 수 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 각 단계별 수도시설을 종합적으로 고려한 경제적 운영방안의 검토가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.263-272
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• 2004

전 세계 항만은 급속히 변화하는 환경에 적응하고, 경쟁국가 항만보다 앞서나가기 위한 노력을 지속적으로 경주하고 있는 실정이다. 주목할 만한 세계항만의 변화는 연평균 $8.4\%$씩 증가 추세에 있는 전 세계 물동량 및 선박의 대형화 즉, 현재 8,000TEU급 선박은 물론 12,000TEU급 선박까지 출현하는 현실을 들 수 있다. 이외에도 인건비 상승, 항만관련 기술 환경의 변화와 같은 환경적 변화가 급격히 일어나고 있는 실정이다. 국내의 경우도 2000년 현재 912만TEU 수준인 물동량이 2011년에는 1,318만 TEU로 증가할 것으로 전망하고 있는데 이는 2000년 현재의 3배 수준이고, 인건비 또한 컨테이너터미널 비용의 $40\%$이상을 차지하는 둥 다양한 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 국내 특히 부산항만은 이러한 환경변화에 대응할 수 있는 컨테이너터미널 시설이 필요한데 이를 위해서는 현재의 시설은 최대한 활용하면서 생산성의 극대화는 물론 비용 절감을 위한 방안이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 국외 선진 자동화 컨테이너터미널의 야드 운영현황을 파악하여 요인도출 및 이러한 결과를 토대로 국내 의 경우 어떠한 부분들을 자동화하는 것이 가장 효과적인지에 관한 대안을 도출한다. 도출된 대안별로 초기 투자비 및 운영비에 대한 현재가치를 제시하여 의사결정자의 의사결정 시 참고할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 연구는 현재 국내 컨테이너터미널이 향후 자동화로 전 환할 때 중요한 기준이 될 수 있으며 항만에 관한 국가 정책수립 시에도 중요한 참고자료로서 활용가능하다.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.202-208
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• 2020

Recently, the importance of non-face-to-face has been emphasized due to COVID-19, and the use of sharing spaces is also expanding. The use of uncontact check-in technology for access control of sharing spaces reduces waiting time and optimizes workers' efficiency, resulting in operational cost savings. In this paper, we propose a sharing space access management system based on a mobile key and RCU (Room Control Unit), access to the facility using a mobile key, and monitor the facility using an RCU. Proposal system is for shared accommodation, rental field (residence, sale-selling hotel), shared office, etc. when there is a one-time visitor on a specific day and time, the corresponding password is delivered to the mobile platform to expose and key the existing password. It is supported by a field-adaptive system that can reduce discomfort such as delivery. In order to test the operation of the proposed integrated system, tests were conducted according to scenarios to understand the overall status of the user's reservation, check-in, and check-out, and a 100% success rate was derived for each item by setting performance indicators to prove test reliability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

Korea Marine Environment Management Corporation (KOEM) has waste oil facilities in 13 ports to collect and treat waste oil, bilge, etc. from ships based upon the Marine Environment Management Act of Korea and MARPOL 73/78 convention. Those facilities were designed and have been operated simply to discharge water under the level 15 ppm of oil contents. However, bad smells occurred from rotten organic matters in waste water and direct discharge of harmful substances to receiving water caused civil appeals. Therefore, KOEM tried to develop new process for treatment of oily waste water from ships, which could mitigate harmful substances, save cost, calm down civil appeals and contribute to marine environment preservation. This process consists of 3 steps to remove oil contents via gravity variation at first, $O_3$ input to contact water and organism deposition by inputting condensate deposits. Then finally upper water will be discharged, and the deposited substances in the bottom will be compressed through spinning machine to transfer to the designated contractors for treatment of wastes. This is very effective and innovative in that it could reduce 3 or 4 steps compared with existing process and mitigate not only waste oil concentration but also hard resolving materials such as colloid, ABS, phosphorus, nitrogen and bad smells. This method is expected to minimize bad smells and harmful gases, to save more than 10% of maintenance cost, and to arrange the good base for garbage treatment business dealing with waste water and bad smell.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.219-227
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• 2018

The consortium for the HRD ability magnified program is part of the joint training program for SMEs in the strategic field and supports the infrastructure, training, personnel, and general operation expenses required for the joint training. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the satisfaction of the education and training program, as perceived by the participants of the Consortium for the HRD Ability Magnified Program. The results of this study are as follows. Gender, trainer satisfaction, educational facilities and service satisfaction have a statistically significant effect on training program satisfaction. The impact on education and training satisfaction of gender, instructor satisfaction, educational (facilities) and service satisfaction was high and in that order. It was found that the male participants have a more positive effect on satisfaction of education and training than the female participants. Age, job group, and job title did not have a statistically significant effect on training program satisfaction. Based on the results of this study, the following suggestions are made. The capacity of the trainers should be strengthened. It is important to provide facilities that enable trainees to participate effectively in education and training and increase the transfer of education and training to the field. It is necessary to design and implement a curriculum that takes into consideration the female trainees' characteristics and situations. More effort is needed to improve the appropriateness of the education and training contents, education and training time, job relevance, and job contribution.