• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.5D
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• pp.597-604
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• 2009

The mass transit networks in Korea, such as buses, metro and subway, are co-related and the number of transfer points, in which a lot of pedestrian movement is generated, are rising. The functions of the transfer centers, in which several travel modes cross at a point, have to include convenience and comfort for pedestrians using the transfer centers, and such functions can make transit a more attractive travel option and thus eventually contribute to increases in ridership. However, the guidelines for station layouts and their assessments in transfer stations are not suggested so far. So the pedestrian pattern data (pedestrian walking distances and times, pedestrian approaching distances and times, pedestrian walking paths in the inside of stations) was collected and analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, the ways to measure the quality of comfort for those who using transfer facilities were suggested using the times that pedestrians consume to transfer from a travel mode to another. The walking time of pedestrians at the inside of stations was also measured by pre-selected pedestrian pathways as the guidelines for station layout assessment in transfer facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.13-21
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to make planning factors for outdoor space in elementary school site, with analyzation focusing on a Japanese elementary school examples. We evaluated the planning factors which encourage the development of children’s behaviors from quality of space. And we can get the important points as planning factor for school site as follows: 1) The base point of zoning is school building, building entrance, entrance of site and track 2) The importance of linked space plan with inside of site and surrounding environment 3) Preservation linked system of space in school site for linked pattern of child’s behavior.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.2503-2510
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• 2014

This study chiefly aims to find out the efficient ways of designing community facility convertible to refuge in case of emergency. In order to reach this goal, this study analyzed (1) definition of terminologies regarding disaster and refuge space, (2)present situation of regarding acts and standards, (3)function and spatial specialties of existing community facilities. Besides, in order to clarify the efficient design methods of 'function-convertible-type' community facility, this study executes archival research on (1)spatial requirements, (2)methods of designing futuristic community facility. When making design directives of community facilities, it is important to consider (1)vertical integration of rescue related function, (2)spatial division and architectural installation concerning privacy, (3)proper layout of locker room, shower room, toilet, etc. (4)appropriate size of unit space. It is desirable to execute the refuge function with minimum psychological anxiety in case of disaster through design guideline for 'function-convertible-type' community facility.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2012

This study developed an algorithm to predict the most efficient evacuation protocol in an elementary school that has an irregular type of architectural planning. The assumption of this study takes a stand point that today's elementary schools are designed in unusual and irregular floor type and, therefore, past architect's knowledge regarding efficient evacuation will no longer effective to save lives. In this regard, this study applied an algorithm that is especially designed to find appropriate locations in general in the field of industrial engineering, which has been proven for many decades. Furthermore, this study not only adapted an engineering model but also conversed to examine spatial relationship and added the concept of group evacuation, which will delay the whole evacuation process, in the tested algorithm to make it more architectural. Consequently, this study compared its outcome with an existing elementary school and questioned its effectiveness in evacuation process based on the algorithm.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.34-42
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• 2014

FirstNet는 2012년에 출범하여 미 전역에 단일의 공공안전용 브로드밴드 네트워크 (NPSBN) 구축을 추진하고 있다. 출범과 동시에 700 MHz 대역에 20 MHz 대역폭이 할당되고 미화 70억불의 예산이 책정되었다. 그리고 망구축을 PS-LTE를 기반으로 하되, 추진 일정상 공공안전의 요구사항을 모두 만족하지는 못 하기 때문에 미션크리티컬 음성을 제외하고 미션크리티컬 데이터를 위주로 하는 기능을 정의하였다. 망 구조는 네트워크 코어가 중앙에 위치하며, 지역에 RAN 위주의 장비들이 배치되게 된다. 지방정부가 지역에 배치될 장비와 시설을 구축할 것이며 이를 위하여 FirstNet는 지방정부와 긴밀하게 협의를 추진하고 있다. 현재 RFP 에 앞서 RFI를 진행하고 있다. 2015년에 RFP를 완성하고 2016년에 네트워크 코어를 구축할 예정이다. 그리고 이전에 BTOP PSBN 프로그램으로 추진되고 있던 일곱 개의 프로젝트에 대하여 FirstNet 의 PS-LTE 망과의 호환성과 협조를 보장하는 조건으로 주파수 사용 협상을 추진하여 다섯 개의 프로젝트와 협상을 완료했으며, 두 개의 프로젝트는 중지시켰다. 이중 가장 규모가 큰 프로젝트는 LA-RICS PSBN으로서 231 국의 eNodeB가 시설되며 2015년 2사분기에 개통될 예정이다. 이 시설을 활용하여 2차 재난대응기관의 이용, QoS (서비스 품질), 우선순위/선취에 대하여 분석될 예정이다.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.61
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• pp.3-44
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• 2003

The plane structure of dwelling in korean peninsula has been transformed orderly as for shapes of round, square and rectangular in general. The exit and entrance structure take styles of stairs and when they are jotted out, take the slant stairs from the

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 1989

In this study, improvement of accuracy in a plain slope analysis is a main object using the bundle adjustment with changing the convergent angles and the configurations of control points when we can't take convergent case because of poor environment around establishment and cultural assets. From converged photographing using the angle of deviation, it was possible to improve accuracy in a plain slope analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

This study examined emergency exit location with the most representing school floor type with a mathematical model that applied optimized algorithm in the field of engineering. Recent school buildings became much more diverse in floor planning than the old days. Nevertheless, architect's approach to building prevention against fire related emergency planning still relies on an personal experience and knowledge. Therefore, since school buildings are much more likely to be exposed to any fire related events, emergency exit planning has to be seriously evaluated with a scientific method. The algorithm, which acquires the number of persons in each spatial type(node) and the minimum physical distance between spatial types(arc), can propose the most optimized emergency exit locations. Consequently, this study compared an architect's fire exit planning with the scientific outcome of this study and suggested the most reliable emergency exit locations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.73-75
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• 2018

항만시설 및 배후지를 파랑으로부터 방호하는 기능을 가지는 외곽시설 중 항내 정온을 유지하여 하역효율을 높이고, 항내 항행 및 정박 중인 선박의 안전을 확보하고, 항내시설을 보전하기 위하여 설치하는 것으로는 방파제가 있으며, 배치형태로는 항의 외곽에 설치되는 경우와 연안으로 이격되어 설치되는 경우가 있다. 연안으로 이격되어 설치되는 이안제는 필연적으로 방파제 양단으로 회절파랑이 발생하게 되며 이안제 좌 우측으로 각각 분기되어 진행하는 파랑은 회절에 의해 방파제 배후 안쪽으로 휘어져 위상간 간섭을 일으키며 중첩되면서 전파된다. 지형적인 여건으로 진행방향이 같아지게 되고 항 입구부로 향한다면 파랑의 에너지 중첩에 의한 영향이 항내로 나타날 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 항 입구부에 이안제가 설치되는 경우, 이안제 길이에 따라 발생하는 좌 우측 회절 파랑의 위상차가 항내 파고에 미치는 영향을 수치실험을 통해 검토하였다. 이로부터 항내에서의 파고는 이안제의 길이에 따른 좌 우측 회절 파랑의 위상차에 의한 중첩의 영향으로 증폭 혹은 상쇄되어 나타남을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.25-33
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is an analysis of importance and requirement factors in the aspect of facility manager for correctional facility. For this study, It limited ranges of study in 11 correctional facilities that have been completed after 2000 years. It had survey and interview with managers of correctional facilities that are selected for study and then it derived the requirement factors of correctional facilities. Based on those requirement factors, Importance analysis is performed by using AHP method. The result of this study are as follows: 1) The fields are divided into architecture, building finishing, machinery, electricity fields and it derives details of each field. 2) The results of importance on requirements of managers in correctional facilities are as follows. Planing of building arrangement (10.9%) in architecture, secure plan for soundproof partition (14.1%) in building finishing, isolation lining of heating and cooling system(11.9%) in machinery, and improvement of control system(12.2%) in electricity.