• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2006

This paper is to analyse the case of citizen participation employed in the local government, Buk-gu (Northern District) in the city of Ulsan, Korea. A kind of deliberative type of citizen participation named' citizen jury' was exercised to resolve an environmental conflict between Buk-gu government and its residents. The conflict was caused by the construction of a food waste recycling facility near by some residential areas in Buk-gu. Theoretically this paper makes a typology of citizen participation methods. Two criteria are employed. First of all, lay citizens are the primary participant or not? Secondly, interactive communication is feasible or not among participants in the process of citizen participation. Four generic types of citizen participation are sorted out: technocratic, pluralist, direct/participatory, and deliberative type. Especially deliberative type of citizen participation is based on an idea of deliberative democracy. This paper argues that the case of citizen participation employed in Buk-gu belongs to deliberative type of citizen participation. The argument is based on the following reasons. Firstly, primary participants in deliberation process can be considered as lay citizens though they are selected form local NGOs and religious groups. According to a survey, most of participants said that they would participate in the process of deliberation in the capacity of lay citizens though they were selected by their own groups. Secondly, the citizen participation process was deliberately designed and implemented to facilitate competence of primary participants and fairness in the deliberation. Viewed from this analysis, this Buk-gu case can be safely considered an innovative method of citizen participation which is also very successful in resolving intractable environmental conflict in the local government.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2008년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.328-333
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• 2008

지역에 밀착한 관광이 추진되면서, 관광레크레이션지역의 개발 및 관리운영에 있어서는 시민참여에 의한 자원 및 지역만들기가 상당히 중요한 이슈로 떠오르고 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 이러한 시민참여 활동의 역사가 짧고, 특히 관광과 관련해서는 아직 시민참여 활동이 본격화 되고 있지 못해, 그의 구체적인 활동범위 및 방향 등이 정리되지 못한 상태에 있다. 본 연구는 관광레크레이션지역에 있어서 시민참여의 활동범위와 그 추진방향에 대한 틀을 마련하기 위한 기초연구로서, 일본국영공원을 대상으로, 관광레크레이션지역에서의 시민참여 활동의 실태와 그 특성을 분석한 것이다. 연구결과 국영공원의 시민참여 활동은 테마 자원과 시설을 중심으로 매우 세분화되고 있고, 그 범위는 단순한 안내 및 관리가능을 넘어 연구회 및 학습회 등을 통해 보다 조직적, 능동적으로 참여함으로서 개발계획과 평가단계까지 그 영역이 확대되고 있는 것으로 나타난다. 또한 이들의 활동은 대상지 내에 국한되지 않고, 역 외의 유관단체와 연계해 하나의 교류네트워크의 축을 형성함으로써 자원자체의 활성화에도 크게 기여하는 것으로 나타난다.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.7-41
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• 2018

The projects of citizen science which is originated from citizen data collecting action driven by governmental institutes and science associations have been implemented with different form of collaboration with scientists. The themes of citizen science has extended from the ecology to astronomy, distributed computing, and particle physics. Citizen science could contribute to the advancement of science through cost-effective science research based on citizen volunteer data collecting. In addition, citizen science enhance the public understanding of science by increasing knowledge of citizen participants. The community-led citizen science projects could raise public awareness of environmental problems and promote the participation in environmental problem-solving. Citizen science projects based on local tacit knowledge can be of benefit to the local environmental policy decision making and implementation of policy. These social values of citizen science make many countries develop promoting policies of citizen science. The korean government also has introduced some citizen science projects. However there are some obstacles, such as low participation of citizen and scientists in projects which the government has to overcome in order to promote citizen science. It is important that scientists could recognize values of citizen science through the successful government driven citizen science projects and the evaluation tool of scientific career could be modified in order to promote scientist's participation. The project management should be well planned to intensify citizen participation. The government should prepare open data policy which could support a data reliability of the community-led monitoring projects. It is also desirable that a citizen science network could be made with the purpose of sharing best practices of citizen science.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• 제60호
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• pp.49-88
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• 2019

Today, the civil society plays a key role not only in criticizing and monitoring the functions of the state and the market, but also as an active producer of public services by complementing the government and the public sector. Public records management is also becoming more and more popular. In the case of appraisal and selection, which is the core area of record management, discussions about citizen participation are becoming more serious than any other areas. The concept of 'proactive appraisal', which has emerged as a paradigm of citizens' participation in appraisal, reminds us that citizens themselves are the subjects of public records and are no longer alienated from the appraisal system. The problem is, while the growth of the Korean civil society about institutional participation is spreading rapidly, but citizen participation is hard to find in the field of public records. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of citizen participation in the process of appraisal of public records, and to debunk the role of citizen participation in the appraisal processes by exploring the examples in the UK, Canada, and Australia. This paper emphasizes that the appraisal system of the national public records in crisis today could be largely restored through the domestic application of this active citizen participation cases. First of all, this study presents a conceptual appraisal model that could reflect citizen participation in the field of record management along with the analyses of the advanced cases in some western countries. Specifically, this paper focuses on presenting the models of 'appraisal documentation' and 'governance-based appraisal', reflecting the active citizen participation. This study suggests that these citizens' participatory evaluation models should be settled in Korea in the future and we should urgently discuss 'citizen participation appraisal'.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.21-40
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• 2020

Citizen participatory appraisal is a methodology of record practice that draws citizen participation in the evaluation process in various forms based on evaluation documentation. This study aims to address practical concerns about what kind of citizen participatory appraisal can be used locally and what specific design can be drawn. To this end, this study designs specific measures for citizens to recognize and monitor the responsibility of the national archives in the domestic record appraisal environment, focusing on thorough appraisal documentation and disclosure, the introduction of public consultation, and the initiative of citizen agenda.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.189-220
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of individual background, educational experiences, and social awareness on youth's civic participation in the three East Asian countries (South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan), and provide educational implications for encouraging Korean youth's civic participation. And we estimated the effects of 17 variables on the youth's current and future civic participation using 'International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2016' data opened in 2018. The result showed that the factors affecting on the civic participation were significantly different between the three countries. And significant differences on current and future civic participation were confirmed within the same country. First, Korean youth have high level of their parents' civic resources but the level of civic education in school is lower than other countries, and Taiwan youth have relatively high level of national identity. Second, the factors affecting on civic participation are more influenced by educational experiences than individual background such as parents' socioeconomic status, and the mass media have significant effect on youth's civic participation in all the three countries. Third, non-formal program and cultural experiences in school have significant effects on civic participation in future adulthood. Based on these results, this study suggested that it was important to provide various non-formal activities as well as expansion of civic education for encouraging youth's civic participation.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-31
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• 2009

The need and rationale for public participation in science and technology is widely acknowledged in academic communities and policy circles. In addition to institutionalized forms of participation, some STS researchers have paid attention to spontaneous forms of public participation, particularly with regard to social movement. This paper aims to explore a new form of public participation, which had been relatively neglected in STS studies. For this purpose, in this paper we examine environmental health issues and cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) debates as examples of doing "undone science" in Korea. Our focus will be specifically on how environmental organizations and trade unions have both succeeded in making those issues as research and policy agenda for both scientific community and policy makers. In a concluding section, a couple of suggestions for further research are proposed.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• 제39권
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• pp.102-139
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• 2007

This research studied how political online discussion participation and experiencing opinion disagreement during the discussion affect on civic attitudes(interpersonal trust and reciprocity) and civic participation through pretest-posttest control group experimental treatment. For results, first of all, online political discussion positively affects on civic attitude of participants, but it's effect was partial. Next, experiencing opinion disagreement can help to have rather improving civic attitude than reducing civic attitude. Finally, civic attitude consists of interpersonal trust and reciprocity acquired from online discussion also partially and positively affects on civic participation which is more affected by reciprocity than interpersonal trust. Regard to these effect of online discussion, civic attitude can be extended by participating political communication(discussion), and participating communicative associations lead to encourage civic attitude of them and function to reinforce social integration and social ties.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.333-354
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• 2008

As the citizens have the high level of knowledge and information in this society, they tend to participate the local government adminstration in various methods. The purpose of this study is to review the citizen participation programs which have been applied in local government administration, to determine the appropriate citizen participation programs for public libraries, to survey the Korean public libraries' citizen participation programs through the questionaries which have been developed and analyze the data, and to propose the success strategy of citizen participation programs in the public libraries. Also, tips for the efficient and dynamic public library administration by the citizen participation programs were provided based on inadequacies and other findings revealed through this study.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-31
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• 2015

World Wide Views on Climate and Energy held on 6 June 2015 was a structured citizens' deliberative consultation forum involving 10,000 citizens in 77 countries, and South Korea was one of the participating countries. Citizen participants, selected to reflect the demographic diversity in their countries or regions, were given information beforehand and deliberated for a full day with other citizens and voted on an identical set of questions, designed to reflect policy controversies at the UN COP negotiations to be held in Paris on December 2015. This study, firstly, analyzes the backgrounds and purposes of World Wide Views on Climate and Energy and reports the WWViews event held in Seoul, Korea before examining the theoretical implication of it. And then, this study discusses about the features and opportunities of World Wide Views on Climate and Energy as a way of forming a global deliberative governance by focusing on deliberative democracy, citizen participatory governance, and global citizenship.