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Application and Evaluation of Remotely Sensed Data in Semi-Distributed Hydrological Model (준 분포형 수문모형에서의 원격탐사자료의 적용 및 평가)

  • Kim, Byung-Sik;Kim, Kyung-Tak;Park, Jung-Sool;Kim, Hung-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.144-159
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    • 2006
  • Hydrological models are tools intended to realistically represent the basin's complex system in which hydrological characteristics result from a number of physical, vegetative, climatic, and anthropomorphic factors. Spatially distributed hydrological models were first developed in the 1960s, Remote sensing(RS) data and Geographical Information System(GIS) play a rapidly increasing role in the field of hydrology and water resources development. Although very few remotely sensed data can applied in hydrology, such information is of great. One of the greatest advantage of using RS data for hydrological modeling and monitoring is its ability to generate information in spatial and temporal domain, which is very crucial for successful model analysis, prediction and validation. In this paper, SLURP model is selected as semi-distributed hydrological model and MODIS Leaf Area Index(LAI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) as Remote sensing input data to hydrological modeling of Kyung An-chen basin. The outlet of the Kyung An stage site was simulated, We evaluated two RS data, based on ability of SLURP model to simulate daily streamflows, and How the two RS data influence the sensitivity of simulated Evapotranspiration.

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Design and Implementation of a Large-Scale Spatial Reasoner Using MapReduce Framework (맵리듀스 프레임워크를 이용한 대용량 공간 추론기의 설계 및 구현)

  • Nam, Sang Ha;Kim, In Cheol
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.3 no.10
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    • pp.397-406
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    • 2014
  • In order to answer the questions successfully on behalf of the human in DeepQA environments such as Jeopardy! of the American quiz show, the computer is required to have the capability of fast temporal and spatial reasoning on a large-scale commonsense knowledge base. In this paper, we present a scalable spatial reasoning algorithm for deriving efficiently new directional and topological relations using the MapReduce framework, one of well-known parallel distributed computing environments. The proposed reasoning algorithm assumes as input a large-scale spatial knowledge base including CSD-9 directional relations and RCC-8 topological relations. To infer new directional and topological relations from the given spatial knowledge base, it performs the cross-consistency checks as well as the path-consistency checks on the knowledge base. To maximize the parallelism of reasoning computations according to the principle of the MapReduce framework, we design the algorithm to partition effectively the large knowledge base into smaller ones and distribute them over multiple computing nodes at the map phase. And then, at the reduce phase, the algorithm infers the new knowledge from distributed spatial knowledge bases. Through experiments performed on the sample knowledge base with the MapReduce-based implementation of our algorithm, we proved the high performance of our large-scale spatial reasoner.

Associations of Cognitive Function and Dietary Factors in Elderly Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (알쯔하이머병 노인들의 인지기능과 관련된 식이 요인)

  • Jung, Kyong-Ah;Lee, Yo-A;Kim, Seong-Yoon;Jang, Nam-Soo
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.41 no.8
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    • pp.718-732
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate nutrients or food factors related to cognitive function of elderly having Alzheimer's disease. In this study 38 subjects who were over 65 years old have participated in dementia clinic at A medical center. After they were diagnosed to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) through blood analysis, neuropsychological test, brain image and interview by medical specialist, we examined for their general information, anthropometry, blood pressure and dietary intakes. Dietary intakes were investigated using the 24-hour recall record. Energy intake was adequate and the energy composition of carbohydrate, protein and fat was 60.8 : 16.2 : 23.0, but dietary intakes of calcium, vitamin A and folate were less than 75% of the recommended intake levels for Koreans. The multiple regression analysis adjusted with age, sex and educational level showed that cognitive function was positively related to intakes of zinc, fishes and shellfishes, beans & nuts, sugars and fats, and negatively related to intakes of plant calcium and eggs. These results indicate that intakes of specific nutrients or food groups are associated with the specific domains of cognitive function in elderly with AD.

Housing Policy for the Elderly and the Meaning of "Aging in Place" in Japan (일본의 고령자 거주문제와 주거정책: Aging in Place를 중심으로)

  • Cho, Ara
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.48 no.5
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    • pp.709-727
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    • 2013
  • Recently, "aging in place" has become the principle philosophy of elderly housing policy in many countries. However, since there is ambiguity surrounding the universal definition of it, the meaning of AIP has been defined by political expediency. This study aims to discuss the meaning of AIP by examining the transition of elderly housing issues and policy in Japan. During the last two decades, the Japanese government has tried to launch a new elderly welfare system to shift the responsibility of elderly care from the family to the society and from the society to the region. And the focus of elderly housing policy has shifted from the promotion of three-generation dwellings to supporting the development of private residences. However, since the main goal has been limiting the welfare budgets rather than enhancing the quality of life, elderly housing issues have been reduced to a matter of choosing either elderly care facilities frequently located in suburbs or not. This paper suggest that we should pursue the true AIP idea in housing policy, and argues that to do so we need to consider AIP from diverse aspects such as temporal continuity, the range of space, the dynamics of place experience and the capability of communities.

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A Cell-based Indexing for Managing Current Location Information of Moving Objects (이동객체의 현재 위치정보 관리를 위한 셀 기반 색인 기법)

  • Lee, Eung-Jae;Lee, Yang-Koo;Ryu, Keun-Ho
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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    • v.11D no.6
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    • pp.1221-1230
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    • 2004
  • In mobile environments, the locations of moving objects such as vehicles, airplanes and users of wireless devices continuously change over time. For efficiently processing moving object information, the database system should be able to deal with large volume of data, and manage indexing efficiently. However, previous research on indexing method mainly focused on query performance, and did not pay attention to update operation for moving objects. In this paper, we propose a novel moving object indexing method, named ACAR-Tree. For processing efficiently frequently updating of moving object location information as well as query performance, the proposed method is based on fixed grid structure with auxiliary R-Tree. This hybrid structure is able to overcome the poor update performance of R-Tree which is caused by reorganizing of R-Tree. Also, the proposed method is able to efficiently deal with skewed-. or gaussian distribution of data using auxiliary R-Tree. The experimental results using various data size and distribution of data show that the proposed method has reduced the size of index and improve the update and query performance compared with R-Tree indexing method.

Effects of Dynamic Tubing Gait Training on Postural Alignment, Gait, and Quality of Life in Chronic Patients with Parkinson's Disease : Case Study (동적탄력튜빙 보행훈련 프로그램이 만성 파킨슨병 환자의 자세정렬과 보행능력과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 : 사례연구)

  • Lee, Dong-Ryul
    • Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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    • v.15 no.8
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    • pp.363-377
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    • 2021
  • The present study investigated the effects of dynamic tubing gait training(I and II) on the postural alignment, gait, and quality of life in chronic patients with Parkinson's disease. This study is based on the case study that recruited a total of 3 patients with chronic Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr Stage of 1 to 3 each one person). Dynamic tubing gait training (I and II) applied to chronic patients with Parkinson's disease for 25 sessions, 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, over 5 weeks period. To investigate the effects of this study, evaluating using the postural alignment test, muscle activity tests, gait analysis, and quality of life scale for patient with Parkinson's disease. After the intervention of Dynamic tubing gait training (I and II), Trunk flexion was decreased. Also, during walking from initial contact (IC) to mid stance (Mst), muscle activity of Quadriceps, Hamstring, and Tibialis Anterior (TA) was increased and muscle activity of Gastrocnemius was decreased. The muscle activation of Erector Spinae (ES T12, L3) was increased in the H&Y I and III stages and decreased in the H&Y II stage. Length of gait line, single support line, ant/post position and lateral symmetry of center of pressure (COP) parameters improved. The spatio-temporal gait parameters including of step length, stride length, and velocity was increased, and cadence decreased. Further the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease was improved. Based on these findings, Dynamic tubing gait training (I and II) could be applied as a new approach to improve posture, gait, quality of life in chronic patients with Parkinson's disease for more than 5 years, whose drug resistance is halved.

A Study on Metaverse Utilization and Introduction Strategies in College Education: Based on Step-by-step Metaverse Introduction Framework (대학 교육의 메타버스 활용 현황 및 도입 전략에 대한 연구: 단계별 메타버스 도입 프레임워크 개발을 바탕으로)

  • Son, Young Jin;Park, Minjung;Chai, Sangmi
    • Knowledge Management Research
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.1-29
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    • 2023
  • The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated digital transformation across all industries and daily life. Edutech is spreading in the education field, also bringing changes in university education. Non-face-to-face online-only classes at universities have spread after the COVID-19 pandemic physical distancing started. Online-only or real-time online classes showed diverse educational imitations. 'Metaverse' started to attract attention as a learning space and community activity support platform that may solve the limitations of online education and communication. It is time to prepare an introduction strategy for the actual application of education using metaverse. This study, first, by examining previous studies and cases of metaverse application, and second, establishing a metaverse introduction framework based on the technology lifecycle model and the innovation diffusion theory. Finally, we provide an introduction strategy in steps, a specialized introduction plan according to the main users is established and presented as a scenario. We expect that this study will provide the theoretical background of the new technology introduction and the spread of metaverse research. Also, we present an efficient introduction strategy, the basis for a service model, and a practical basis for the university's value-added strategy.

Simulation of Soil Moisture in Gyeongan-cheon Watershed Using WEP Model (WEP 모형을 이용한 경안천 토양수분 모의)

  • Noh, Seong-Jin;Kim, Hyeon-Jun;Kim, Cheol-Gyeom;Jang, Cheol-Hee
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.720-725
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    • 2006
  • 토양수분은 식물의 생장 및 가용수자원 산정 등에 있어서 중요한 요소로서 토양층 상부의 수 m내에 존재하는 수분의 양을 일컫는다. 토양수분과 토양수분의 공간적 시간적 특징들은 증발, 침투, 지하수 재충전, 토양침식, 식생 분포 등을 지배하는 중요한 요소이다. 강우 등으로 인한 지면과 지표하에서의 순간적인 포화공간의 형성 및 유출의 생성 등을 포함하는 과정과 증발산 등은 모두 비포화대(vadose zone) 혹은 토양층에서의 토양수분의 함량에 크게 의존하게 된다(이가영 등(2005)). 분포형 수문모형은 유역을 격자단위로 세분화하여 매개변수를 부여하고, 증발산, 침투, 지표면유출, 중간유출, 지하수유출, 하도 흐름 등 여러 가지 수문요소를 해석하는 종합적인 수문모형이다. 지표면에 내린 강우가 증발, 침투, 유출될 지는 토양수분의 함량에 크게 의존하게 되며, 따라서 토양수분에 대한 적절한 모의가 분포형 수문모형의 정확도를 좌우하는 핵심이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 분포형 수문모형인 WEP 모형을 경안천 유역(유역면적: $575km^2$, 유로연장: 49.3㎞)에 적용하여 토양수분의 시공간분포를 모의하였다. 지점별 토양수분 모의결과, 토양 매개변수의 최대, 최소값 내에서 적절히 모의됨을 확인하였으나, 관측값이 없어 실질적으로 타당한지 여부는 검증하지 못하였다. 토양수분비율, 연간 증발산량, 지표면 유출량 공간분포를 비교한 결과, 토양수분비율이 연간 증발산량 모의에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 일부격자에서는 토양수분이 지나치게 높게 모의되었는데, 지하수위와 관련있는 것으로 보이며, 구축된 자료가 부족한 지하대수층에 대한 정보부족이 토양수분 계산에도 영향을 준 것으로 보인다. 본 연구는 WEP 모형의 토양수분 해석능력에 대한 시험적용에 그 의의가 있으며, 향후 토양 및 지표하 매개변수 정보가 충분히 갖추어지고, 토양수분 관측결과 있는 대상유역에 대한 적용이 요구된다.-Moment 방법에 의해 추정된 매개변수를 사용한 Power 분포를 적용하였으며 이들 분포의 적합도를 PPCC Test를 사용하여 평가해봄으로써 낙동강 유역에서의 저수시의 유출량 추정에 대한 Power 분포의 적용성을 판단해 보았다. 뿐만 아니라 이와 관련된 수문요소기술을 확보할 수 있을 것이다.역의 물순환 과정을 보다 명확히 규명하고자 노력하였다.으로 추정되었다.면으로의 월류량을 산정하고 유입된 지표유량에 대해서 배수시스템에서의 흐름해석을 수행하였다. 그리고, 침수해석을 위해서는 2차원 침수해석을 위한 DEM기반 침수해석모형을 개발하였고, 건물의 영향을 고려할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 본 연구결과 지표류 유출 해석의 물리적 특성을 잘 반영하며, 도시지역의 복잡한 배수시스템 해석모형과 지표범람 모형을 통합한 모형 개발로 인해 더욱 정교한 도시지역에서의 홍수 범람 해석을 실시할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 본 모형의 개발로 침수상황의 시간별 진행과정을 분석함으로써 도시홍수에 대한 침수위험 지점 파악 및 주민대피지도 구축 등에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 있을 것으로 판단되었다.4일간의 기상변화가 자발성 기흉 발생에 영향을 미친다고 추론할 수 있었다. 향후 본 연구에서 추론된 기상변화와 기흉 발생과의 인과관계를 확인하고 좀 더 구체화하기 위한 연구가 필요할 것이다.게 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.는 초과수익률이 상승하지만, 이후로는 감소하므로, 반전거래전략을 활용하는 경우 주식투자기간은 24개월이하의 중단기가 적합함을 발견하였다. 이상의 행태적 측면과 투자성과측면의 실증결과를 통하여 한국주식시장에 있어서 시장수익률을 평균적으로 초과할 수 있는 거래전략은 존재하므로 이러한 전략을 개발 및 활용할 수 있으며, 특히, 한국주식시장에 적합한 거래전략은 반전거래전략이고, 이 전략의 유용성은 투자자가 설정한 투자기간보다 더욱 긴 분석기간의 주식가격정보에 의하여 최대한 발휘될 수 있음을 확인하였다.(M1), 무역적자의

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Gender Roles, Accessibility, and Gendered Spatiality (성역할, 접근성, 그리고 젠더화된 공간성)

  • Kim, Hyun-Mi
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.808-834
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    • 2007
  • This study attempts to elucidate manifold dimensions of gendered accessibility experiences. How gender roles(household responsibilities) differentiate accessibility experiences between women and men is explored through the comparison of married dual-earner couples' parental status, using the US Portland activity-travel diary dataset with GIS-based geocomputation results of(time-geography based) space-time accessibility. First, this study shows how gender division of labor within the household still permeates current society, despite the widespread belief of the social change toward a gender-egalitarian society. Then, the study pays special attention to the way gender roles structure individual accessibility experiences of women and men differently, and, in turn, the way such accessibility experiences take a form of gendered spatiality. Gendered spatiality is examined through the analysis of accessibility space as well as activity space in order to ascertain women's home-attached and spatially entrapped characteristics. More household responsibilities throughout a day and, even more, the time constraint of picking up children at the daycare centers after work lead women's possible activity space to be more home-centered. The analysis of the spatio-temporal context of accessibility space makes gendered spatiality visible. However, the findings suggest that behavioral outcomes should be understood with an explicit awareness of constraints individuals face. It is because the revealed activity spaces can be not only an outcome of constraint but also an outcome of choice. Behavioral outcomes should not be treated as a straightforward expression of the level of constraints. It is problematic to expect that behavioral outcomes directly mirror the level of constraints. It is also problematic to suppose that the level of constraints can be straightforwardly elicited from revealed behavioral outcomes.